Kingdom of Jórvík ← 876 – 954 → Capital York Religion Norse Paganism Roman Catholicism Government Monarchy History  - Established 876  - Disestablished 954

The Kingdom of Jórvík was a Norse Viking kingdom, covering the area of what is now Yorkshire and further parts of Northern England. The name Jórvík was also that of the kingdom's capital city, now known as York. With a few interruptions due to wars with Wessex, the Norse monarchy lasted from 876 to 954.^[1][2] Section from Shepherds map of the British Isles about 802 AD showing the kingdom of Northumbria Northumbria is primarily the name of a petty kingdom of Angles which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, from two smaller kingdoms of Bernicia and Diera, and... Events Seiwa is succeeded by Yozei as emperor of Japan. ... Events King Malcolm I of Scotland is killed in battle against Highlanders. ... Section from Shepherds map of the British Isles about 802 AD showing the kingdom of Northumbria Northumbria is primarily the name of a petty kingdom of Angles which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, from two smaller kingdoms of Bernicia and Diera, and... Throughout the world there are many cities that were once national capitals but no longer have that status because the country ceased to exist, the capital was moved, or the capital city was renamed. ... York shown within England Coordinates: , Sovereign state Constituent country Region Yorkshire and the Humber Ceremonial county North Yorkshire Admin HQ York City Centre Founded 71 City Status 71 Government  - Type Unitary Authority, City  - Governing body City of York Council  - Leadership: Leader & Executive  - Executive: Liberal Democrat  - MPs: Hugh Bayley (L) John... Norse, Viking or Scandinavian mythology comprises the indigenous pre-Christian religion, beliefs and legends of the Scandinavian peoples, including those who settled on Iceland, where most of the written sources for Norse mythology were assembled. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... For the documentary series, see Monarchy (TV series). ... Norse is an adjective relating things to Denmark, Norway, Iceland and Sweden. ... For other uses, see Viking (disambiguation). ... Look up Yorkshire in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The north, the midlands and the south Northern England, The North or North of England is a rather ill-defined term, with no universally accepted definition. ... York shown within England Coordinates: , Sovereign state Constituent country Region Yorkshire and the Humber Ceremonial county North Yorkshire Admin HQ York City Centre Founded 71 City Status 71 Government  - Type Unitary Authority, City  - Governing body City of York Council  - Leadership: Leader & Executive  - Executive: Liberal Democrat  - MPs: Hugh Bayley (L) John... For the helicopter, see Westland Wessex. ... Events Seiwa is succeeded by Yozei as emperor of Japan. ... Events King Malcolm I of Scotland is killed in battle against Highlanders. ...

Between 1070 and 1085 there were occasional attempts by the Danish Vikings to recapture their Kingdom of Jórvík, however these attempts did not materialise into the return of the kingdom.^[3] Events Hereward the Wake begins a Saxon revolt in the Fens of eastern England. ... April 2 - Emperor Zhezong became emperor of Song Dynasty. ...

History

York had been founded as the Roman legionary fortress of Eboracum and revived as the Anglo-Saxon trading port of Eoforwic. It was first captured in November 866 by a large army of Danish Vikings, called the "Great Heathen Army" by Anglo-Saxon chroniclers, which had landed in East Anglia and made their way north, aided by a supply of horses with which King Edmund of East Anglia bought them off and by civil in-fighting between royal candidates in the Anglian Kingdom of Northumbria. Declaring a truce, the rivals for the throne of Northumbria joined forces but failed to retake the city in March 867, and with their deaths the kingdom Deira came under Danish control, and the Northumbrian royal court fled north to refuge in Bernicia. A Viking attempt against Mercia the same season failed and in 869 their efforts against Wessex were fruitless in the face of opposition from Kings Ethelred and Alfred the Great. Events Fujiwara no Yoshifusa becomes regent of Japan, starting the Fujiwara regentship. ... The Great Heathen Army, also known as the Great Army, was a Viking army which pillaged and conquered much of England in the late 9th century. ... Norfolk and Suffolk, the core area of East Anglia. ... Edmund the Martyr (circa 840 - November 20, 870) was a King of East Anglia. ... Section from Shepherds map of the British Isles about 802 AD showing the kingdom of Northumbria Northumbria is primarily the name of a petty kingdom of Angles which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, from two smaller kingdoms of Bernicia and Diera, and... Events September - Basil I becomes sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire. ... Deira (which later absorbed the Brythonic kingdom of Ebrauc) was a kingdom in Northern England during the 6th century AD. It extended from the Humber to the Tees, and from the sea to the western edge of the Vale of York. ... Bernicia was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom established by Anglian settlers of the 6th century in what is now the South-East of Scotland, and the North-East of England. ... The Kingdom of Mercia at its greatest extent (7th to 9th centuries) is shown in green, with the original core area (6th century) given a darker tint. ... Events Western Emperor Louis II allies with eastern Emperor Basil I against the Saracens. ... For the helicopter, see Westland Wessex. ... Life King Ethelred I (Old English: Æþelræd) (c. ... For the 10th century Bishop of Sherborne, see Alfred (bishop). ...

Jórvík became the capital of a flourishing small kingdom when the Danish warlord, Guthrum, headed for East Anglia, while Prince Halfdan Wide-Embrace of Sjaelland and Uppsala took the York throne in AD 876. Both were in the Danelaw, as were their English subjects. While the Danish army was busy in the British Isles, the Swedish army was occupied with defence of the Danish and Swedish homelands where Halfdan's brothers were in control. Gold: Danelaw The Danelaw, in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles also known as the Danelagh, (Old English: Dena lagu; Danish: Danelagen), is a name given to a part of Great Britain, now northern and eastern England, in which the laws of the Danes[1] held predominance over those of the Anglo...

Jorvik was founded by the paternally Halfdan Ragnarsson as a Danish institution but was passed onto the Norwegians, who fought for it. Native Danish rulers who eventually made Jelling in Jutland the site of Gorm the Old's kingdom, were in the East Anglian Kingdom. The Five Boroughs/Jarldoms were based upon the Kingdom of Lindsey and were a sort of frontier between each kingdom. King Canute the Great would later "reinstall" a Norwegian dynasty of jarls in Northumbria(Eric of Hlathir), with a Danish dynasty of jarls in East Anglia (Thorkel). Northern England would continue to be a source of intrigue for the Norwegians until Harald III of Norway's death at the Battle of Stamford Bridge. Halfdan was one of the sons of Ragnar Lodbrok. ... Burial mound in Jelling churchyard Northern burial mound and church in Jelling churchyard Jelling is a town located in Jelling municipality near Vejle, Denmark on the Jutland peninsula. ... Jutland Peninsula Jutland (Danish: Jylland; German: Jütland; Frisian Jutlân; Low German Jötlann) is the western, continental part of Denmark as well as one of the three historical Lands of Denmark, dividing the North Sea from the Kattegat and the Baltic Sea. ... Gorm the Old (Gorm den Gamle) was King of Denmark in the mid-900s. ... Lindsey or Linnuis is the name of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom that lay between the Humber and the Wash, forming its inland boundaries from the course of the Witham and Trent rivers (with the inclusion of an area inside of a marshy region south of the Humber known as the... Canute II, or Canute the Great, in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles also known as Cnut (Old Norse: Knútr inn ríki, Norwegian: Knut den mektige, Swedish: Knut den store, Danish: Knud den Store) (c. ... Eric of Hlathir (also called Eric of Norway) was a Viking warrior from Norway who followed first Sweyn Forkbeard and then Canute the Great. ... Thorkel the High was a Jomsviking, a son of the Scanian chieftain Strutharald and the brother of Sigvald Jarl. ... The north, the midlands and the south Northern England, The North or North of England is a rather ill-defined term, with no universally accepted definition. ... Harald III Sigurdsson (1015 – September 25, 1066), later surnamed Harald Hardråde (Old Norse: Haraldr harðráði, roughly translated as stern counsel or hard ruler) was the king of Norway from 1047[1] until 1066. ... Combatants Norwegians, Northumbrian rebels, Scots Anglo-Saxon England Commanders Harald Hardråde† Tostig Godwinson† Harold Godwinson Strength Around 7,500 Around 7,000 Casualties Unknown, around 7,000 Unknown, around 2,000 The Battle of Stamford Bridge in England took place on September 25, 1066, shortly after an invading Norwegian...

The area of the palace built by the Viking rulers was known as the Konungsgårthr and is today known as King's Square, which nucleates the Ainsty. New streets, lined by regular building fronts for timber houses were added to an enlarging city between AD 900 and 935, dates arrived at by tree-ring chronology carried out on remaining posts preserved in anaerobic clay subsoil. The Viking kingdom was absorbed into England in 954, without cramping its economic success: by ca 1000, the urban boom brought Viking Jórvík to a population total second only to that of London within the British Isles. William the Conqueror brought the independence of Jórvík to an end and established garrisoned castles in the city. The Ainsty is an old adminstrative area which was a few square miles around York in England. ... Events King Malcolm I of Scotland is killed in battle against Highlanders. ... Europe in 1000 The year 1000 of the Gregorian Calendar was the last year of the 10th century as well as the last year of the first millennium. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... This article describes the archipelago in north-western Europe. ... William I ( 1027 – September 9, 1087), was King of England from 1066 to 1087. ...

Kings of Jórvík

Halfdan was one of the sons of Ragnar Lodbrok. ... Bernicia was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom established by Anglian settlers of the 6th century in what is now the South-East of Scotland, and the North-East of England. ... Aethelwald was the eldest son of Ethelred of Wessex, Alfred the Greats predecessor and older brother. ... Old Norse persons with the name Halfdan (half dane) (Old Norse sources) or Healfdene (Beowulf) or Haldan (Danish Latin sources) was probably kings. ... Sigtrygg Caech (or Sihtric) (died 927) was a Viking leader from Dublin who reigned as king of York. ... Wessex was one of the seven major Anglo-Saxon kingdoms (the Heptarchy) that preceded the kingdom of England. ... Olaf III Guthfrithson (died 941) ruled as Norse king of Dublin from 934 to 941. ... Wessex was one of the seven major Anglo-Saxon kingdoms (the Heptarchy) that preceded the kingdom of England. ... Coin minted by Olaf Cuaran as King of Dublin, c. ... Erik Bloodaxe (Old Norse: Eiríkr blóðøx, Norwegian: Eirik Blodøks), (circa 885–954), was the second king of Norway (930-934) and the eldest son of his father Harald Fairhair. ... Coin minted by Olaf Cuaran as King of Dublin, c. ... Erik Bloodaxe (Old Norse: Eiríkr blóðøx, Norwegian: Eirik Blodøks), (circa 885–954), was the second king of Norway (930-934) and the eldest son of his father Harald Fairhair. ... Wessex was one of the seven major Anglo-Saxon kingdoms (the Heptarchy) that preceded the kingdom of England. ... Section from Shepherds map of the British Isles about 802 AD showing the kingdom of Northumbria Northumbria is primarily the name of a petty kingdom of Angles which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, from two smaller kingdoms of Bernicia and Diera, and...

Archaeological findings

From 1976 to 1981, the York Archaeological Trust conducted a five-year excavation in and around the street of Coppergate. This demonstrated that, in the 10th century, Jórvík's trading connections reached to the Byzantine Empire and beyond: a cap made of silk survives, and coins from Samarkand were familiar enough and respected enough for a counterfeit to have passed in trade. Both these items, as well as a large human coprolite known as the Lloyds Bank turd, were famously recovered in York a millennium later. Amber from the Baltic is often expected at a Viking site and at Jórvík an impractical and presumably symbolic axehead of amber was found. A cowrie shell indicates contact with the Red Sea or the Persian Gulf. Christian and pagan objects have survived side-by-side, usually taken as a sign that Christians were not in positions of authority. The York Archaeological Trust is a large private archaeological organisation operating in the United Kingdom, based in the city of York. ... The term archaeological excavation has a double meaning. ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 10th century was that century which lasted from 901 to 1000. ... Byzantine redirects here. ... Samarkand (Tajik: Самарқанд, Persian: ‎ , Uzbek: , Russian: ), population 412,300 in 2005, is the second-largest city in Uzbekistan and the capital of Samarqand Province. ... Coprolites are fossilized feces, or animal dung. ... The Lloyds Bank turd is a large human coprolite recovered by archaeologists excavating the Viking settlement of Jorvik (now York) in England. ... Cowry shells (also spelled cowrie), are marine snails of the genus Cypraea (family Cypraeidae), found chiefly in tropical regions, especially around the Maldives or the East Indies. ... Location of the Red Sea The Red Sea is an inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia. ... Map of the Persian Gulf. ...

After the excavation, the York Archaeological Trust took the decision to recreate the excavated part of Jórvík on the Coppergate site, and this is now the JORVIK Viking Centre. Modern day Viking coin making at the Jórvík Viking Centre The JORVIK Viking Centre is a museum and visitor attraction in York, England. ...

See also

• Ebrauc
• Deira
• Kingdom of Northumbria
• History of the Danelaw
• History of York

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with York. ... Deira (which later absorbed the Brythonic kingdom of Ebrauc) was a kingdom in Northern England during the 6th century AD. It extended from the Humber to the Tees, and from the sea to the western edge of the Vale of York. ... Northumbria is primarily the name of an Anglian or Anglo-Saxon kingdom which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, and of the earldom which succeeded the kingdom. ... The Danelaw, also known as the Danelagh, was the name given to that part of Great Britain during the 9th and 10th centuries in which the laws of the Danes[1] predominated over those of the Anglo-Saxons. ... York is a city in Yorkshire, in the North East of England. ...

References

is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Brenda Ralph Lewis & David Nash Ford, "York: Viking Times"
• Timeline of Anglo-Saxon England