|
José Miguel Carrera Verdugo (15 October 1785 - 4 September 1821) was a Chilean general, considered one of the founders of Chile. Carrera ruled Chile during the period of the Patria Vieja, but after the Spanish Reconquista he lived in exile and died in Mendoza, executed by command of José de San Martín. October 15 is the 288th day of the year (289th in Leap years). ...
Events January 1st The first issue of the Daily Universal Register, later known as The Times, is published in London. ...
September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ...
Events February 23 - The Philadelphia College of Apothecaries founds the first pharmacy college. ...
The Republic of Chile is a country located on the southwestern coast of South America. ...
The Republic of Chile is a country located on the southwestern coast of South America. ...
For other uses, see Reconquista (Disambiguation). ...
Park of General San Martín in Mendoza. ...
José de San Martín ( 25 February 1778 - 17 August 1850) was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South Americas successful struggle for independence from Spain. ...
José Miguel belonged to the Carrera family; he was the son of Ignacio de la Carrera, and brother to Juan José Carrera, Luis Carrera and Javiera Carrera. The Carrera family was influential during the Chilean colonial period, was an significant actor on Chilean Independence and the XIX century. ...
Early years
Born in Santiago, Carrera carried out his first studies in the Colegio Carolino, the best school in the country at the time. During these years, he became friends with Manuel Rodríguez, classmate and neighbour. Satellite image of Santiago Santiago (full form Santiago de Chile) is the capital of Chile. ...
After school he was sent to Spain by his parents. There he joined the Spanish Army in 1808. He fought well against the Napoleonic forces, obtaining the rank of Sergeant Major and receiving the command of the Húsares de Galicia regiment. Events January 1 - Importation of slaves into the United States is banned February 11 - Russia issues an ultimatum to France, Finland. ...
In Spain he also made contact with the American independence movement and joined the Logia Lautaro. The Lautaro Lodge was a lodge founded by Venezuelan Francisco de Miranda. ...
The Patria Vieja When he learned about the Junta de Gobierno that had been established in Chile to rule during the absence of the Spanish monarch, he went back to Chile and got involved in politics. As the Carreras were one of the three major political forces, he became part of the government. On 15 November 1811 the Carreras made a coup d'état and José Miguel became the sole ruler of Chile (his brothers were military commanders). Because Carrera had a personal and Chilean-national point of view about Chilean independence, he came into conflict with the Logia Lautaro, which had a more Latin-Americanist point of view . November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 46 days remaining. ...
1811 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ...
Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...
During his government, and influenced by Joel Roberts Poinsett, first United States envoy to Chile, he helped create several Chilean national symbols and institutions. Carrera created the first Chilean Constitution, promoted the press and made the first Chilean flag and coat of arms. Joel Roberts Poinsett (1779-1851) Official Department of Defense portrait, artist unknown. ...
As the Spanish Army and Navy invaded the South of Chile, he became Commander in Chief of the patriotic forces and left the government. He had a successful campaign, expelling the Spaniards from the city of Concepción. View of downtown Concepción from Caracol hill Concepción is a city in Chile, capital of the Eighth Region. ...
Soon after, he left the Army and took control of the government of Chile. Bernardo O'Higgins didn't acknowledge him and fought against the Carrerian army at Talca. During this chaos, the Spanish army took Concepción again and advanced towards Santiago. Re-united Chilean forces settled in Rancagua, where they were defeated by general Mariano Osorio in the Disaster of Rancagua, (1-2 October 1814). Bernardo OHiggins Riquelme ( August 20, 1778 – October 24, 1842), South American revolutionary leader and first Chilean head of state (Supreme Director, 1817– 23), who commanded the military forces that won independence from Spain. ...
Rancagua is a city in central Chile, and is the capital of OHiggins Region. ...
The Disaster of Rancagua occurred in October 1814 when the Spanish under Mariano Osorio defeated rebel Chilean forces. ...
October 2nd is the 275th day (276th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 90 days remaining. ...
1814 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
Argentina and the United States With the defeat of the Chilean forces, many patriots escaped to Mendoza, Argentina which was governed at the time by José de San Martín. As San Martín was a member of the Lautaro Lodge, he welcomed O'Higgins and his allies. José Miguel and his brothers travelled to Buenos Aires, where César Alvear, a friend since the war against Napoleon in Spain, lived. Park of General San Martín in Mendoza. ...
José de San Martín ( 25 February 1778 - 17 August 1850) was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South Americas successful struggle for independence from Spain. ...
Buenos Aires (Good Winds in Spanish, but more akin to Fair Winds, as in navigation) is the capital of Argentina and its largest city and port, as well as one of the largest cities in South America. ...
While Alvear was in government, Carrera was in a good position in Buenos Aires. But after Alvear was overthrown, power was taken by members of Logia Lautaro. So Carrera sailed to the United States, and with the help of Poinsett, obtained on credit five ships with crew for the Chilean indendence enterprise. A ship is a large, usually decked watercraft. ...
However, as he arrived in Buenos Aires, the Argentinian government confiscated the fleet and put Carrera in prison. During his imprisonment, San Martin and O'Higgins organised an army in Mendoza (mostly with Chileans in exile), crossed the Andes and defeated the Spaniards in the battle of Chacabuco on 12 February 1817. February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
Events March 4 - James Monroe succeeds James Madison as the President of the United States of America April – Earthquake in Palermo, Italy April 3 – Princess Caraboo appears in Almondsbury in Gloucestershire, England May - The General Convention of the Episcopal Church founded General Theological Seminary while meeting in New York City. ...
When Carrera was released, he went to Montevideo and founded a newspaper, which wrote against the Argentinian government. During this time, his two brothers were executed in Mendoza by the orders of San Martín. Montevideo, Minnesota, Montevideo is the capital, chief port and largest city in Uruguay (population 1. ...
Subsequently, he joined the Argentinian federalist leaders and fought against the unitarian government. Carrera and the federalist forces defeated the government and entered Buenos Aires. On 23 February 1820, they signed the Treaty of El Pilar: the document that established the Argentinian federal system. February 23 is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
As a result of this treaty, Carrera received troops, which he marched towards to Chile. However, he was intercepted in Mendoza and taken prisoner. After being put on trial, he was executed on 4 September 1821. September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ...
Events February 23 - The Philadelphia College of Apothecaries founds the first pharmacy college. ...
Legacy Carrera is today considered one of the Padres de la Patria (Father of the Nation). The conflict between followers of O'Higgins and Carrera continues to some extent to this day, when many declare themselves Carrerists or O'Higginists. Carrerists claim that his figure is not give enough recognition, in comparation with O'Higgins. Father of the Nation is a term used by many countries to describe a political or symbolic leader who was one of the most influential founding fathers of the nation. ...
In the Patagonian Region there is the General Carrera lake. Also, one of his legacies, the oldest high school in Chile, has also his name: Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera.
His grandson Ignacio Carrera Pinto died during the battle of La Concepción, in the War of the Pacific. The War of the Pacific was fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia and Peru, from 1879 to 1884. ...
See also This is the history of Chile. ...
External links - Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas José Miguel Carrera (http://www.vitanet.cl/jmc/index2.html) (in Spanish).
- La Aurora de Chile (http://www.auroradechile.cl/) (in Spanish). Newspaper of 1810's online.
| 
Feeds |
Contact