NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Joseph Isaac Schneersohn

Rabbi Joseph Isaac Schneersohn (or Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn) (also known as the Frierdikker Rebbe ("Previous Rebbe" in Yiddish) or Rebbe Rayatz) (1880 - 1950) was the sixth Rebbe (rabbi) of the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic Judaism movement. After many years of fighting to keep Judaism alive in the Soviet Union, he was forced into exile, which eventually brought him to the United States after spending some years in Poland. He was the father-in-law and cousin of the subsequent Rebbe Rabbi Menachem Mendel Shneerson. Yiddish (ייִדיש, Jiddisch) is a Germanic language spoken by about four million Jews throughout the world. ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Rebbe which means master, teacher, or mentor is a Yiddish word derived from the identical Hebrew word ×¨×‘×™. It mostly refers to the leader of a Hasidic Jewish movement. ... Rabbi, in Judaism, means teacher, or more literally great one. The word Rabbi is derived from the Hebrew root word ×¨Ö·×‘, rav, which in biblical Hebrew means great or distinguished (in knowledge). Sephardic and Yemenite Jews pronounce this word ×¨Ö´×‘Ö´Ö¼×™ ribbÄ«; the modern Israeli pronunciation ×¨Ö·×‘Ö´Ö¼×™ rabbÄ« is derived from a recent (18th... It has been suggested that Hasidic philosophy be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Hasidic philosophy be merged into this article or section. ... Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people. ... Rabbi M.M. Schneerson The third Rebbe of the Chabad Lubavitch dynasty was also named Menachem Mendel Schneersohn (with a h) Menachem Mendel Schneerson (April 18, 1902-June 12, 1994) was an Orthodox Judaism rabbi who was the seventh and last Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad Lubavitch branch of...

Rabbi Joseph Isaac Schneersohn This is a copyrighted promotional photo with a known source. ... Rabbi Joseph Isaac Schneersohn This is a copyrighted promotional photo with a known source. ... Rebbe which means master, teacher, or mentor is a Yiddish word derived from the identical Hebrew word ×¨×‘×™. It mostly refers to the leader of a Hasidic Jewish movement. ... It has been suggested that Hasidic philosophy be merged into this article or section. ...

Early life

Joseph Isaac Schneersohn was born in Lubavitch, Belarus (then Russian empire). He was appointed as his father's personal secretary at the age of fifteen. In 1897 at the age of seventeen he married a distant cousin Nehama Dina Schneersohn. He was appointed as the first head of the new Tomchei Temimin network of Lubavitch yeshivas in the Russian empire. Chabad Lubavitch, also known as Lubavitch Chabad, is a large branch of Hasidic Judaism. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Yeshiva or yeshivah (IPA: ) (Hebrew: ×™×©×™×‘×” pl. ...

As he matured, he campaigned for the rights of Jews by appearing before the Czarist authorities in St. Petersburg and Moscow. During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 he sought relief for Jewish conscripts in the Russian army by sending them kosher food and supplies. With rising anti-Semitism and pogroms against Jews, he travelled with other prominent rabbis to seek help from Western European governments. He was arrested four times between 1902 and 1911 by the Czarist police because of his activism, but was released each time. Tsar, (Bulgarian цар�, Russian царь; often spelled Czar or Tzar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in Russia from 1547 to 1917. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and... Location Position of Moscow in Europe Government Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area - City 1,081 kmÂ² Population - City (2007) - Density 10,469,000 8537. ... Combatants Imperial Russia Empire of Japan Commanders N/A N/A Strength 500,000 Soldiers 400,000 Soldiers Casualties 134,817+ KIA/POW, 170,000 MIA etc. ... Year 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ... The circled U indicates that this can of tuna is certified kosher by the Union of Orthodox Congregations. ... The Eternal Jew: 1937 German poster. ... The Russian word pogrom (погром) refers to a massive violent attack on people with simultaneous destruction of their environment (homes, businesses, religious centers). ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ...

Becomes Rebbe

Upon the death of his father, Rabbi Sholom Dovber Schneersohn, in 1920, Rabbi Joseph Isaac Schneersohn became the sixth Rebbe (or "paramount leader") of Lubavitch. It was a time of great social and political upheaval following the Russian Revolution of 1917 and World War I (1914 - 1918) as Russia was first defeated by Germany under Kaiser Wilhelm II and then succumbed to the Russian Civil War after the execution of the last Czar Nicholas II and the entire royal family in 1918. The victorious anti-religious secular-minded Bolsheviks, with Jews who had joined the Communist Party in their midst, were intent on uprooting and suppressing all religious life in the "new" Bolshevist Russia. Rabbi Sholom Dovber Schneersohn Sholom Dovber Schneersohn (or Sholom Dovber or Rashab) (1860 - 1920) was an Orthodox rabbi and the fifth Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic Judaism movement. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Rebbe which means master, teacher, or mentor is a Yiddish word derived from the identical Hebrew word ×¨×‘×™. It mostly refers to the leader of a Hasidic Jewish movement. ... Chabad Lubavitch, also known as Lubavitch Chabad, is a large branch of Hasidic Judaism. ... The Russian Revolution of 1917 was a series of political and social upheavals in Russia, involving first the overthrow of the tsarist autocracy, and then the overthrow of the liberal and moderate-socialist Provisional Government, resulting in the establishment of Soviet power under the control of the Bolshevik party. ... Combatants Allied Powers: Russian Empire France British Empire Italy United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary German Empire Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Commanders Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Ferdinand Foch Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Franz... Year 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... German Emperor Wilhelm (born Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albrecht, Prince of Prussia 27 January 1859â€“4 June 1941), was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia (de: Deutscher Kaiser und KÃ¶nig von PreuÃŸen), ruling from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918. ... Combatants Red Army (Bolsheviks) White Army (Monarchists, SRs, Anti-Communists) Green Army (Peasants and Nationalists) Black Army (Anarchists) Commanders Leon Trotsky Mikhail Tukhachevsky Semyon Budyonny Lavr Kornilov, Alexander Kolchak, Anton Denikin, Pyotr Wrangel Alexander Antonov, Nikifor Grigoriev Nestor Makhno Strength 5,427,273 (peak) +1,000,000 Casualties 939,755... Zaid II of Russia (May 18, 1868â€“July 17, 1918)[1] (Russian: , Nikolay II) was the last Emperor of Russia, King of Poland,[2] and Grand Duke of Finland. ... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... This article concerns secularity, that is, being secular, in various senses. ... Bolshevik Party Meeting. ... In modern usage, the term communist party is generally used to identify any political party which has adopted communist ideology. ... Bolshevist Russia is a common term that refers to the Red side in the Russian government between the Bolsheviks October Revolution (November 7, 1917) and the constitution of the Soviet Union (December 30, 1922). ...

Battling the Bolsheviks

Following the takeover of Russia by the Communists, they created a special "Jewish affairs section" known as the Yevsektsiya which instigated anti-Jewish activities meant to strip Jews of their Torah-centered way of life based on Orthodox Judaism and governed by the Shulchan Aruch. As Rebbe of a Russian-based Jewish movement, Rabbi Joseph I. Schneersohn was vehemently outspoken against the atheistic Communist regime and its goal of forcibly eradicating religion throughout the land. He purposely directed his followers to set up religious schools going against the dictates of the Marxist-Leninist "dictatorship of the proletariat". This article is about communism as a form of society, as an ideology advocating that form of society, and as a popular movement. ... Yevsektsiya (alternative spelling: Yevsektsia), Russian: ЕвСекция, the abbreviation of the phrase Еврейская секция (Yevreyskaya sektsiya) was the Jewish section of the Soviet Communist party created to challenge and eventually destroy... Tora redirects here. ... Orthodox Judaism is the formulation of Judaism that adheres to a relatively strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics first canonized in the Talmudic texts (The Oral Law) and as subsequently developed and applied by the later authorities known as the Gaonim, Rishonim, and Acharonim. ... The Shulkhan Arukh (Hebrew: Prepared Table), by Rabbi Yosef Karo is considered the most authoritative compilation of Jewish law since the Talmud. ... Rebbe which means master, teacher, or mentor is a Yiddish word derived from the identical Hebrew word ×¨×‘×™. It mostly refers to the leader of a Hasidic Jewish movement. ... The 18th-century French author Baron dHolbach was one of the first self-described atheists. ... Marxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. ... Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism; it is a branch of Marxism (and it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ... The dictatorship of the proletariat is a term employed by Karl Marx in his 1875 Critique of the Gotha Program that refers to a transition period between capitalist and communist society in which the state can be nothing but the revolutionary dictatorship of the proletariat. The term refers to a...

Thus in 1927 he was arrested and imprisoned in the Spalerno prison in Leningrad. He was tried by an armed council of revolutionaries who repeatedly threatened his life waving guns in his face. He was sentenced to death. A world-wide storm of outrage and pressure from Western governments forced the communist regime to commute the death sentence and instead banished him to Kostroma on the Urals for three years. This was also commuted following political pressure from the outside, and he was finally allowed to leave Russia for Riga in Latvia 1928 - 1929. He then went to visit the Holy Land (Israel) and the USA where he was received by US President Herbert Hoover in the White House. Lubavitch followers in America begged their Rebbe to leave Russia and stay in America, but Schneersohn declined, saying that America was an irreligious place where even rabbis shaved off their beards. From 1934 until the early part of the Second World War he lived in Warsaw Poland. 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and... The Ural Mountains, (Russian: Ура́льские го́ры = Ура́л) also known simply as the Urals, are a mountain range that run roughly north and south through western Russia. ... Map of Latvia Coordinates: Founded 1201 Mayor Aivars Aksenoks Area - City 307. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The expression The Holy Land (Hebrew ××¨×¥ ×”×§×•×“×©: Standard Hebrew Ã‰reáº“ haQodeÅ¡, Tiberian Hebrew Ê¾Ã‰reá¹£ haqQÄá¸Ä“Å¡; Latin Terra Sancta; Arabic Ø§Ù„Ø£Ø±Ø¶ Ø§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ø¯Ø³Ø©, al-Ará¸ ul-Muqaddasah) generally refers to the Land of Israel. ... Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (1861-1865) The majority of this article is about heads of states. ... Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 â€“ October 20, 1964), the 31st President of the United States (1929-1933), was a world-famous mining engineer and humanitarian administrator. ... North faÃ§ade of the White House, seen from Pennsylvania Avenue. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Warsaw (Polish: , , in full The Capital City of Warsaw, Polish: Miasto StoÅ‚eczne Warszawa) is the capital of Poland, its largest city, and a gamma world city. ...

Warsaw to USA

Following Nazi Germany's attack against Poland in 1939 Rabbi Joseph I. Schneersohn refused to leave Warsaw. He remained in the city during the bombardments and its capitulation to Nazi Germany. He gave the full support of his organizations under Chabad Hasidism to assist as many Jews as possible to flee the invading armies. With the intercession of the United States Department of State in Washington, DC (at that time Germany was not at war with the United States, which only happened much later when Adolf Hitler declared war on the USA after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941) and with the lobbying of many Jewish leaders on behalf of the Rebbe (and, reputedly, with the help of Admiral Wilhelm Canaris, the head of the Abwehr), he was finally granted diplomatic immunity and given safe conduct to go via Berlin, then to Riga, and then on to New York City where he arrived on March 19, 1940. Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The United States Department of State, often referred to as the State Department, is the Cabinet-level foreign affairs agency of the United States Government, equivalent to foreign ministries in other countries. ... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... Hitler redirects here. ... Satellite image of Pearl Harbor. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks, of the highest naval officers. ... Wilhelm Canaris Wilhelm Franz Canaris (January 1, 1887 â€“ April 9, 1945) was a German admiral and head of the Abwehr, the German military intelligence service, from 1935 to 1944. ... The Abwehr was a German intelligence organization from 1921 to 1944. ... Berlin is the capital city and one of the sixteen states of the Federal Republic of Germany. ... Map of Latvia Coordinates: Founded 1201 Mayor Aivars Aksenoks Area - City 307. ... Nickname: Big Apple, Gotham, NYC Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1613 - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area - City 1,214. ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ...

Launch of Lubavitch in the USA

Rabbi Joseph I. Schneersohn was already physically weak and ill from his suffering at the hands of the Communists and the Nazis, but he had a strong vision of rebuilding Orthodox Judaism in America and he wanted his movement to spearhead it. In order to do so he went on a crash building campaign to establish religious Jewish day schools and yeshivas for boys and girls, seminaries for women and rabbinical colleges for men during the last decade of his life, from 1940 to 1950, when he was often unable to stand up due to his past sufferings in prisons and interrogations. He settled himself in the Crown Heights section of Brooklyn in New York City. He established printing houses for the voluminous writings and publications of his movement, and started the process of trying to win over the Jewish masses world-wide to his cause. Rabbi Yosef Yitzchok Shcneersohn This is a copyrighted promotional photo with a known source. ... Rabbi Yosef Yitzchok Shcneersohn This is a copyrighted promotional photo with a known source. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... National Socialism redirects here. ... Orthodox Judaism is the formulation of Judaism that adheres to a relatively strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics first canonized in the Talmudic texts (The Oral Law) and as subsequently developed and applied by the later authorities known as the Gaonim, Rishonim, and Acharonim. ... A Jewish day school is a modern Jewish educational institution that is designed to provide Jewish children with both a Jewish and a secular education in one school on a full time basis, hence its name of day school meaning a school that the students attend for an entire... Yeshiva or yeshivah (IPA: ) (Hebrew: ×™×©×™×‘×” pl. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Crown Heights is a neighborhood in Brooklyn in New York City. ... Brooklyn (named for the Dutch city Breukelen) is one of the five boroughs of New York City. ... Nickname: Big Apple, Gotham, NYC Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1613 - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area - City 1,214. ...

He began to teach publicly, and many came to seek out his teachings. He began gathering and sending out a small amount of his newly trained rabbis to other cities which was emulated and amplified by his son-in-law and successor Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson with phenomenal success. In 1948 he established a Lubavitch village in Israel known as Kfar Chabad near Lod. He died in 1950 and was buried in the Borough of Queens in New York City. He had no sons, and his younger son-in-law, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson succeeded him as Lubavitcher Rebbe, while the older son-in-law, Rabbi Shemaryahu Gurary was appointed to lead the Chabad Yeshiva network Tomchei Temimim. His gravesite became a central point of focus for his successor who would visit it regularly for many hours of prayer, meditation and supplication. Rabbi M.M. Schneerson For the third Rebbe of the Chabad Lubavitch dynasty see Menachem Mendel Schneersohn (with an h) Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (April 18, 1902 â€“ June 12, 1994), referred to by his followers as The Rebbe, was a prominent Charedi (traditional Orthodox) Jewish rabbi who was the seventh... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... Kfar Chabad is a Chabad-Lubavitch community of about 400 families located near Tel Aviv. ... Downtown area of Lod Lod (Hebrew ×œ×•Ö¹×“; Arabic Ø§ÙŽÙ„Ù’Ù„ÙØ¯Ù‘Ù’ al-Ludd, Greco-Latin Lydda, Tiberian Hebrew ×œÖ¹×“ LÅá¸) is a city in the Center District of Israel in Israel. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Queens Borough in New York City, in yellow Queens is one of the five boroughs of New York City, USA. Geographically the largest borough in the city, Queens is home to many immigrants and two of New Yorks major airports. ... Nickname: Big Apple, Gotham, NYC Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1613 - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area - City 1,214. ... Rabbi M.M. Schneerson For the third Rebbe of the Chabad Lubavitch dynasty see Menachem Mendel Schneersohn (with an h) Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (April 18, 1902 â€“ June 12, 1994), referred to by his followers as The Rebbe, was a prominent Charedi (traditional Orthodox) Jewish rabbi who was the seventh... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Tomchei Temimim is the central Yeshiva (Talmudical school) of the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic movement. ...

Contents

Early life

Becomes Rebbe

Battling the Bolsheviks

Warsaw to USA

Launch of Lubavitch in the USA

See also

External links

Rebbes of Lubavitch

Time-line of Lubavitcher rebbes

Contents

Early life var ACE_AR = {Site: '756743', Size: '300250'};

Becomes Rebbe

Battling the Bolsheviks

Warsaw to USA

Launch of Lubavitch in the USA

See also

External links

Rebbes of Lubavitch

Time-line of Lubavitcher rebbes

Early life