Joseph Joffre

Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre (January 12, 1852 - January 3, 1931) was a Catalan French general who became prominent in the battles of World War I. January 12 is the 12th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1931 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Capital Barcelona Official languages Spanish and Catalan In Val dAran, also Aranese. ... General is a military rank, in most nations the highest rank, although some nations have the higher rank of Field Marshal. ... Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ...

Joffre was born in Rivesaltes, Roussillon. He joined the army in 1870 and became a career soldier. He first saw active service during the siege of Paris in the Franco-Prussian War, but spent much of his career in the colonies as a military engineer. He returned to France and was made commander-in-chief of the French Army (1911), after Joseph Gallieni declined the post. With the revival of the army and a purge of "defensive-minded" officers he adopted the strategy devised by Ferdinand Foch, the offensive Plan XVII. Roussillon (Catalan Rosselló) is one of the historical Catalan Countries corresponding roughly to the present-day southern French département of Pyrénées-Orientales (Eastern Pyrenees). ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Eiffel Tower has become the symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... The Franco-Prussian War (July 19, 1870 – May 10, 1871) was fought between France and Prussia (backed by the North German Confederation) allied with the south German states of Baden, Bavaria and Württemberg. ... An engineer may be someone who practices the engineering profession, or the driver of a rail locomotive. ... A database query syntax error has occurred. ... Joseph Simon Gallieni (24 April 1849 - 27 May 1916) was a French military leader in the French colonies and later in World War I. He was born at Saint-Beat, in the department of Haute-Garonne. ... Ferdinand Foch ( October 2, 1851 – March 20, 1929) was a French soldier. ... The offensive French military strategy in World War I known as Plan XVII was initially created by Ferdinand Foch. ...

At the outbreak of war, the French plan clashed with the German Schlieffen Plan, much to the detriment of the French. Joffre helped to retrieve the situation through retreat and counterattack at the First Battle of the Marne. Following the enormous losses at Verdun he was replaced by General Robert Nivelle on December 13, 1916. The Schlieffen Plan The Schlieffen Plan, the German General Staffs overall strategic blueprint for victory on the Western Front against France in the years up to 1914, takes its name from its author, Alfred Graf von Schlieffen. ... First Battle of the Marne Conflict World War I Date 5 September – 9 September 1914 Place Marne River near Paris, France Result Allied victory The First Battle of the Marne was a World War I battle fought from September 5 to 9, 1914. ... Battle of Verdun Conflict World War I Date 21 February 1916 – 19 December 1916 Place Verdun, France Result Stalemate They shall not pass — Robert Nivelle The Battle of Verdun was a major battle of the Western Front in World War I. The battle was fought between the German and French... Robert Georges Nivelle (October 15, 1857 - March 22, 1924) was a French military commander during World War I. Born in Tulle, France, to a French father and English mother, Nivelle graduated from the École Polytechnique in 1878 and served in Indochina, Algeria, and China as an artillery officer. ... December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ...

Still popular, Joffre was promoted to Marshal of France but his role was little more than ceremonial. He was head of the French military mission to the USA in 1917 and leader of the Supreme War Council in 1918. In 1918, Mount Joffre in Western Canada was named after him. He retired in 1919 and was made a member of the French Academy. The title of marshal of France (maréchal de France) was derived from the office of marescallus Franciae created by Philippe Auguste for Albéric Clément (circa 1190). ... 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Mount Joffre is a mountain located on the Continental Divide, in the extreme southern tip of Peter Lougheed Provincial Park. ... 1919 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1920 Joffre presided over the Jocs Florals in Barcelona, a Catalan literary certamen. 1920 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... Barcelona within Barcelonès Population ( 2003) 1,582,738 Area 1004 Km2 Population density ( 2001) 15,764/Km2 Barcelona is the capital of Catalonia, an autonomous region in northeastern Spain (41º 23 N, 2º 11 E). ... Catalan (Català, Valencià) is a Romance language understood by as many as 12 million people in portions of Spain, France, Andorra and Italy, although the majority of active Catalan speakers are in Spain. ...