Joseph Trumpeldor in uniform c. World War One

Joseph Trumpeldor (1880 – March 1, 1920, Hebrew: יוסף טרומפלדור, Russian: Иосиф Трумпельдор) was an early Zionist activist, notable for helping organize the Zion Mule Corps and bringing Jewish immigrants to Palestine. Download high resolution version (500x729, 99 KB)Known old photo of Joseph Trumpeldor File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (500x729, 99 KB)Known old photo of Joseph Trumpeldor File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 3 - Babe Ruth is traded by the Boston Red Sox to the New York Yankees for $125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a player at that time. ... Hebrew redirects here. ... Zionism is a political movement that supports a homeland for the Jewish people in the Land of Israel, where Jewish nationhood is thought to have evolved somewhere between 1200 BCE and late Second Temple times,[1][2] and where Jewish kingdoms existed up to the 2nd century CE. Zionism is... This article is about the Jewish Legion, also known as the Zion Mule Corps of the British Army that fought in World War I against the Ottoman Empire. ... This article describes some ethnic, historic, and cultural aspects of the Jewish identity; for a consideration of the Jewish religion, refer to the article Judaism. ... Map of the British Mandate of Palestine. ...

Early life

Joseph Trumpeldor was born in Pyatigorsk, Russia. His father, Wulf Trumpeldor, served as a cantonist in the Caucasus War,lost an arm, and as a "useful Jew", was allowed to settle outside the Pale of Settlement. Originally in training as a dentist, Joseph Trumpeldor volunteered for the Russian army in 1902.His mother was a maid. During the Russo-Japanese War he participated in the siege of Port Arthur, where he lost his left arm and was captured, subsequently receiving four decorations for bravery, which made him the most decorated Jewish soldier in Russia {Cross of St. George}. In 1906 he became the first Jew in the army to receive an officer's commission. Pyatigorsk (Russian: Пятигорск) is a city of a population of over 200,000 (2002) located in Stavropol Krai on the Podkumok River in the Northern Caucasus Federal District of Russia about twenty kilometers from Mineralnye Vody, at 44°2′N 43°4′E. The name Pyatigorsk means five mountains in Russian... // Cantonists in Prussia Cantonists (German: Kantonist, or a person living in a canton) were recruits in Prussia in 1733-1813, liable for draft in one of the cantons. ... The Ethnolinguistic patchwork of the modern Caucasus - CIA map Russia Georgia Azerbaijan (Azer. ... The term useful Jew was used in various historical contexts, typically describing a Jewish person useful in implementing an official policy, sometimes by oppressing other Jews. ... The Pale of Settlement (Russian: Черта оседлости - cherta osedlosti) was a western border region of Imperial Russia in which permanent residence of Jews was allowed, extending from the pale or demarcation line, to near the border with eastern/central Europe. ... X-rays can reveal if a person has cavities Dentistry is the practical application of knowledge of dental science (the science of placement, arrangement, function of teeth) to human beings. ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants Imperial Russia Empire of Japan Commanders N/A N/A Strength 500,000 Soldiers 400,000 Soldiers Casualties 134,817+ KIA/POW, 170,000 MIA etc. ... Location within China Lüshun city or Lüshunkou or (literally) Lüshun Port (Simplified Chinese: 旅顺口; Traditional Chinese: 旅順口; Pinyin: , formerly in historic references both Port Arthur and Ryojun, is a town in the southernmost administrative district of Dalian of the Peoples Republic of China. ... This article is about the decoration. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

World War One

In 1911 he emigrated to Palestine, then part of the Ottoman Empire, living for a time at Kibbutz Degania. When World War I broke out, he went to Egypt, where together with Vladimir Jabotinsky he developed the idea of the Jewish legion to fight with the British against common enemies and, the Zion Mule Corps was formed in 1915, considered to be the first all-Jewish military unit organized in close to two thousand years, and the ideological beginning of the Israel Defense Forces. He saw action in Gallipoli with the Zion Mule Corps, where he was wounded in the shoulder. The Zion Mule Corps remained in Gallipoli through the entire campaign and was disbanded shortly after being transferred to Britain. His mother was a nurse. 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... Motto: دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem: Ottoman imperial anthem At the height of its power (1683) Capital Söğüt (1299-1326) Bursa (1326-1365) Edirne (1365-1453) Constantinople (Istanbul) (1453-1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy Sultans  - 1281–1326 Osman I  - 1918–1922 Mehmed VI... Kibbutz Dan, near Qiryat Shemona, in the Upper Galilee, 1990s A kibbutz (Hebrew: קיבוץ; plural: kibbutzim: קיבוצים, gathering or together) is an Israeli collective intentional community. ... Degania, the mother of kvutzot (small kibbutzim) in the 1930s. ... Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Commanders Ferdinand Foch Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Wilhelm II Paul... Zeev Jabotinsky in military uniform Zeev Vladimir (Evgenevich) Jabotinsky (or Zhabotinski) (October 18, 1880 - August 4, 1940) was a Zionist leader, author, orator, and founder of the Jewish Legion in World War I. During World War II a similar and larger unit known as the Jewish Brigade would follow. ... The Jewish Legion was the name for five battalions of Jewish volunteers established as the British Armys 38th through 42nd (Service) Battalions of the Royal Fusiliers. ... This article is about the Jewish Legion, also known as the Zion Mule Corps of the British Army that fought in World War I against the Ottoman Empire. ... 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (Hebrew: צבא ×”×’× ×” לישראל  , [Army] Force for the Defense of Israel), often abbreviated with the Hebrew acronym צהל Tsahal, alternative English spelling Tzahal, is the name of Israels military forces, comprising the Israeli Army, the Israeli Air Force and the Israeli Navy. ... Gallipoli peninsula (Turkish: , Greek: ) is located in Turkish Thrace, the European part of Turkey, with the Aegean Sea to the west and the Dardanelles straits to the east. ...

Political activist

Upon his return to Russia in 1918, he established the HeHalutz, a youth organization that prepared immigrants for aliyah (moving to Palestine), and returned to Palestine himself, then under the British Mandate. He was one of the founders of the Zionist Socialist movement in Palestine. Aliyah (Hebrew: עלייה, ascent or going up) is a term widely used to mean Jewish immigration to the Land of Israel (and since its establishment in 1948, the State of Israel). ... Map of the territory under the British Mandate of Palestine. ... Labor Zionism (or Labour Zionism) is the traditional left-wing of the Zionist ideology. ...

Death and remembrance

Joseph Trumpeldor's memorial in Tel Hai

In 1920, Hashomer Hatzair asked Trumpeldor to organize the defence of its settlements in the Upper Galilee. Trumpeldor agreed and quickly took command of Tel Hai where he was killed during a battle with Arabs. After his death Trumpeldor became the symbol of Jewish self-defence, and his memorial day on the 11th day of Adar is officially noted in Israel every year. His reputed last words, "Never mind, it is good to die for our country" (Ein davar, tov lamut be'ad artzeinu), have become famous in the pre-state Zionist movement and in Israel of the 1950s and 1960s. Image File history File linksMetadata Trumpeldor. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Trumpeldor. ... Tel Hai is a settlement in Galilee. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 3 - Babe Ruth is traded by the Boston Red Sox to the New York Yankees for $125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a player at that time. ... Hashomer Hatzair (or Hashomer Hatsair or HaShomer HaTzair) (Hebrew: The Young Guard or Guardian [that is] Young) is a Zionist-socialist youth movement founded in 1913 in Galicia (now in Poland) and was also the name of the groups political party in the Yishuv in the pre-1948 British... Galilee (Arabic al-jaleel الجليل, Hebrew hagalil הגליל), meaning circuit, is a large area overlapping with much of the North District of Israel. ... Tel Hai is a settlement in Galilee. ... The Arabs (Arabic: عرب) are a heterogeneous ethnic group who are predominantly speakers of the Arabic language, mainly found throughout the Middle East and North Africa. ... Adar (אֲדָר, Standard Hebrew Adar, Tiberian Hebrew ʾĂḏār: from Akkadian adaru) is the sixth month of the religious year and the twelfth month of the civil year on the Hebrew calendar. ...

Though not often acknowledged as such in Israel, these words were not original with Trumpeldor and Zionism but were clearly a translation of Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori, the famous line from the Roman lyrical poet Horace's Odes (iii 2.13), which can be rendered in English as: "It is sweet and honourable to die for one's country," or: "It is sweet and fitting to die for the fatherland", and which inspired numerous Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century nationalists patriots in various countries. Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori is a line from the Roman lyrical poet Horaces Odes (iii 2. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Lyric poetry is a form of poetry that does not attempt to tell a story, as do epic poetry and dramatic poetry, but is of a more personal nature instead. ... A poet is some one who writes poetry. ... Horace, as imagined by Anton von Werner Quintus Horatius Flaccus, (December 8, 65 BC - November 27, 8 BC), known in the English-speaking world as Horace, was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

He is regarded as a hero by both right wing and left wing Zionists. The Revisionist Zionist movement named its youth movement, Betar (future Likud Party) after him while the left wing Hashomer Hatzair remembers Trumpeldor as the defender of its kibbutzim and has established memorials in his honour. The town of Kiryat Shmona ("City of Eight") is named after Trumpeldor and the seven others who died defending Tel Hai. Revisionist Zionism is a right wing tendency of the Zionist movement. ... The Betar Movement (ביתר, also spelled Beitar) is a youth movement founded in 1923 in Riga, Latvia, by Zionist leader Zeev Jabotinsky. ... Likud party logo Likud or ליכוד literally means consolidation. ... Hashomer Hatzair (or Hashomer Hatsair or HaShomer HaTzair) (Hebrew: The Young Guard or Guardian [that is] Young) is a Zionist-socialist youth movement founded in 1913 in Galicia (now in Poland) and was also the name of the groups political party in the Yishuv in the pre-1948 British... A kibbutz קיבוץ (Hebrew, pl. ... Qiryat Shemona (קרית שמונה; unofficially also spelled Kiryat Shmona) is a city in the North District in Israel. ...