Juan Bautista de Anza

Juan Bautista de Anza Bezerra Nieto (July 1736 - December 19, 1788) was a Novo-Spanish explorer for the Spanish Empire. Image File history File links Juba_deanza. ... Image File history File links Juba_deanza. ... Events January 26 - Stanislaus I of Poland abdicates his throne. ... December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Military flag of the Spanish Empire from the 16th century up to 1843. ...

Life

Juan Bautista de Anza was born in Fronteras, Sonora (near Arizpe) into a military family on the northern frontier of New Spain. In 1752 he enlisted in the army at the Presidio of Fronteras. He advanced rapidly and was a captain by 1760. He married in 1761. His wife was the daughter of Spanish mine owner Perez de Serrano. They had no children. His military duties mainly consisted of forays against hostile Native Americans such as the Apache during the course of which he explored much of what is now Arizona. Sonora is a state in northwestern Mexico, bordering the states of Chihuahua to the east, Sinaloa to the south, and Baja California to the northwest. ... // The Spanish conquest and colonization of the Americas began with the arrival in the Western Hemisphere of Christopher Columbus (Cristóbal Colón) in 1492. ... 1752 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... This article concerns the rank and title of Captain. ... 1760 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1761 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... An Aani (Atsina) named Assiniboin Boy. ... It has been suggested that Traditional Apache scout be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Arizona Governors Mansion be merged into this article or section. ...

In 1772 he proposed an expedition to Alta California to the Viceroy of New Spain. This was approved by the King of Spain and on January 8th, 1774 with 3 padres, 20 soldiers, 11 servants, 35 mules, 65 cattle, and 140 horses he set forth from Tubac south of present day Tucson, Arizona. The expedition took a southern route along the Rio Altar (Sonora y Sinaloa, New Spain) then paralleled the modern Mexico/California border and crossed the Colorado River at its confluence with the Gila River in the domain of the Yuma tribe with which he established good relations. He reached Mission San Gabriel Arcangel near the California coast on March 22, 1774 and Monterey, California, Alta California's Capital April 19th. He returned to Tubac by late May, 1774. This expedition was closely watched by Viceroy and King and on October 2, 1774 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel and ordered to lead a group of colonists to Alta California. The Spanish were desirous of reinforcing their presence in Northern California, partly as a buffer against Russian advances from the north and partly in order to possibly establish a harbor that would give shelter to Spanish ships. The expedition got under way in October, 1775 and arrived at Mission San Gabriel in January, 1776 the colonists having suffered greatly from the winter weather en route. Catherine IIs soldiers in the Russo-Turkish War, by Alexandre Benois. ... Alta California (Upper California) was formed in 1804 when the province of California, then a part of the Spanish colony of New Spain, was divided in two along the line separating the Franciscan missions in the north from the Dominican missions in the south. ... A viceroy is a royal official who governs a country or province in the name of and as representative of the monarch. ... Coat of Arms of the King of Spain King of Spain redirects here. ... Chesma Column in Tsarskoe Selo, commemorating the end of the Russo-Turkish War. ... Tubac is a census-designated place located in Santa Cruz County, Arizona. ... Nickname: The Old Pueblo Location in Pima County and the state of Arizona Coordinates: Country United States State Arizona Counties Pima Mayor Bob Walkup (R) Area    - City 505. ... Sonora y Sinaloa (Sonora and Sinaloa) was one of the constituent states of the Mexican Republic under its Constitution of 1824. ... Colorado River in the Grand Canyon from Desert View The Colorado River is a river in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, approximately 1,450 mi (2,333 km) long, draining a part of the arid regions on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains. ... The Gila River, a tributary of the Colorado, is shown highlighted on a map of the United States The Gila River (Oodham [Pima]: Hila Akimel) is a tributary of the Colorado River, 630 mile (1,014 km) long, in the southwestern United States. ... Yumas. ... Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was founded on September 8, 1771 in present day Montebello by Father Junipero Serra. ... March 22 is the 81st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (82nd in leap years). ... Chesma Column in Tsarskoe Selo, commemorating the end of the Russo-Turkish War. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Cradle of History, Californias First City Location Location of Monterey, California Government County Monterey Mayor Dan Albert Geographical characteristics Area     City 11. ... October 2 is the 275th day (276th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 90 days remaining. ... Chesma Column in Tsarskoe Selo, commemorating the end of the Russo-Turkish War. ... Lieutenant Colonel (Lieutenant-Colonel in British English from the French grades spelling) is a rank of commissioned officer in the armies and most marine corps and air forces of the world, typically ranking above a Major and below a Colonel. ... Alta California (Upper California) was formed in 1804 when the province of California, then a part of the Spanish colony of New Spain, was divided in two along the line separating the Franciscan missions in the north from the Dominican missions in the south. ... Majestic Mount Shasta (14,179 feet) in the northern part of Northern California. ... ... This article is about the year 1776. ...

He continued on to Monterey, California with the colonists; then fulfilling his mission from the Viceroy he continued on with a small party exploring north and located the sites for the Presidio of San Francisco and Mission San Francisco de Asis in present day San Francisco, California on March 28, 1776. He did not establish the settlement; it was established later by others. While returning to Monterey, he located the original sites for Mission Santa Clara de Asis and the town of San José de Guadalupe, but again did not establish either settlement. Flag Seal Nickname: The Cradle of History, Californias First City Location Location of Monterey, California Government County Monterey Mayor Dan Albert Geographical characteristics Area     City 11. ... The Parade Grounds at the Presidio of San Francisco. ... A view of Mission Dolores on a rainy San Francisco day in December 2004. ... Nickname: The City by the Bay; Fog City Location of the City and County of San Francisco, California Coordinates: Country United States of America State California City-County San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom Area    - City 122 km²  (47 sq mi)  - Land 121. ... March 28 is the 87th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (88th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 1776. ... Mission Santa Clara de Asís circa 1910. ... Nickname: Capital of Silicon Valley Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ...

Reenactment of the arrival of de Anza at Tubac, Arizona.

On his return from this successful expedition he journeyed to Mexico City with the chief of the Quechan (Yuma) tribe who requested the establishment of a mission. Shortly thereafter, on August 24, 1777, Anza was appointed Governor of the Province of New Mexico. Image File history File linksMetadata Jbda-trail-az-3. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Jbda-trail-az-3. ... Country Mexico State Federal District Municipality Mexico City Founded Seat of the Government Capital of the Nation Head of government Marcelo Ebrard Area    - City km² Population    - City (2005) 8,720,916  - Density 5,741/km² Website: http://www. ... Yumas. ... August 24 is the 236th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (237th in leap years), with 129 days remaining. ... 1777 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The following is a list of governors of the Province of New Mexico under the Viceroyalty of New Spain. ... New Mexico (Spanish: Nuevo México or Nuevo Méjico) was a province of New Spain that existed from the late 16th century up through the early 19th century. ...

He led a punitive expedition against the Comanche who had been repeatedly raiding Taos in 1779. With his Ute and Apache allies and about 800 soldiers he went north through the San Luis Valley, entering the plains at what is now Manitou Springs, Colorado. He surprised a small force of Comanche near present day Colorado Springs. Chasing them south down Fountain Creek, he crossed the Arkansas River near present day Pueblo, Colorado. He found the main body of Comanche, returning from a raid on New Mexico, on Greenhorn Creek and inflicted a decisive defeat, killing Cuerno Verde, the chief (for whom Greenhorn Creek is named) and many other leaders of the Comanche. Severely weakened, the Commanche ceased their raids and moved to the southeast into what is now Oklahoma and Texas. The Comanche are a Native American group whose historical range (the Comancheria) consisted of present-day Eastern New Mexico, Southern Colorado, Southern Kansas, all of Oklahoma, and most of Northern and Southern Texas. ... Taos (IPA: ) is a city in Taos County in the north-central region of New Mexico. ... 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The Utes (/juːts/; yoots) are an ethnically related group of American Indians now living primarily in Utah and Colorado. ... San Luis Valley is a large broad alpine valley in the Rio Grande Basin of south-central Colorado. ... The Great Plains is the broad expanse of prairie which lies east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada. ... Part of the commercial district Manitou Springs is a city located in El Paso County, Colorado. ... Nickname: The Springs Location in the state of Colorado Coordinates: County El Paso Mayor Lionel Rivera Area    - City 482. ... The headwaters of the Arkansas near Leadville, Colorado The Arkansas River is a major tributary of the Mississippi which flows east and southeast through Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma territories and then into the state of Arkansas. ... Pueblo is a city in Pueblo County in southern Colorado. ... Official language(s) None Capital Oklahoma City Largest city Oklahoma City Area  Ranked 20th  - Total 69,960 sq mi (181,196 km²)  - Width 230 miles (370 km)  - Length 298 miles (480 km)  - % water 1. ... Texas is the gayest motherfucking state out there they can suck my big black balls. ...

In late 1779, De Anza and his party found a route from Santa Fe to Sonora. De Anza's various local military expeditions against hostile tribes were successful, but the Yuma tribe which he had establish peace with rebelled and he fell out of favor with the military commander of the northern frontier, the frontier-general. In 1783 De Anza lead a campaign against the Comanche on the eastern plains and by 1784 they were suing for peace. The last Comanche chiefs acceded and a formal treaty was concluded in 1786. This paved the way for traders and the development of the Comanchero trade. 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Nickname: The City Different Location in the State of New Mexico Coordinates: Country United States State New Mexico County Santa Fe Founded 1607 Mayor David Coss Area    - City 96. ... Sonora is a state in northwestern Mexico, bordering the states of Chihuahua to the east, Sinaloa to the south, and Baja California to the northwest. ... The Comanche are a Native American group whose historical range (the Comancheria) consisted of present-day Eastern New Mexico, Southern Colorado, Southern Kansas, all of Oklahoma, and most of Northern and Southern Texas. ... Shaded Relief Image of the Llano Estacado Llano Estacado (or Staked Plains) is a region in the southwestern United States that encompasses parts of eastern New Mexico and northwestern Texas. ... The Comancheros were primarily New Mexican hispanic traders in northern and central New Mexico who made their living by trading with the nomadic plains tribes, in northeastern New Mexico and west Texas. ...

De Anza stayed on as governor of New Mexico until 1787 when he returned to Sonora. He was appointed commander of the Presidio of Tubac in 1788 but probably died before he could take office. He died and was buried in Arizpe, Sonora and was survived by his wife. 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the Mexican state of Sonora. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

De Anza was buried in the Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Arispe. In 1963 he was disinterred and reburied in a marble mausoleum with the participation of delegations from the University of California and San Francisco. 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1963 calendar). ... The University of California (UC) is a public university system in the state of California. ...

Legacy

The town of Anza, California is named after Juan Bautista de Anza. The small town of roughly 7,000 people lies on highway 371 in the mountains above Palm Springs. The Juan De Anza House in San Juan Bautista, California is a National Historic Landmark. De Anza is also the namesake of several streets, schools, and organizations in California, including De Anza Boulevards in San Mateo, California and Cupertino, California respectively, De Anza College in Cupertino, De Anza High School in Richmond, and the De Anza Hotel in San Jose. Anza is a city located in southern Riverside County, California, United States, in the Anza Valley, a semi-arid region at a mean elevation of 1253 meters above sea level. ... JUNCTION POSTMILE CA-79 RIV 56. ... Palm Springs is a famed Riverside County, California, desert resort city, approximately 110 miles east of Los Angeles. ... San Juan Bautista is a city located in San Benito County, California. ... USS Constitution. ... Hillsdale Inn, Honeymoon Suite (demolished 5 April 2001) San Mateo is a city in San Mateo County, California, USA. It is one of the larger suburbs on the San Francisco Peninsula, located between Burlingame to the north, Foster City to the East, and Belmont to the south. ... Official website: http://www. ... Flint Center, the main auditorium De Anza College is a 112 acre (453,000 m²) community college located in Cupertino, California. ... Nickname: Capital of Silicon Valley Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ...

Further reading

• Anza and the Northwest Frontier of New Spain, J. N. Bowman and R. F. Heizer, Southwest Museum Papers Number Twenty, Highland Park, Los Angeles, California, 1967, Hardback, 182 pages.
• Anza and Cuerno Verde, Decisive Battle, Wilfred Martinez

See also

• Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail – designated a National Historic Trail on August 15, 1990 and a National Millennium Trail on June 26, 1999.

The Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail is a 1,210 mile United States national historic trail that runs from Nogales, Arizona on the Mexican border to San Francisco, California. ... National Historic Trail is a designation for a protected area in the United States containing historic trails and surrounding areas. ... August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... This article is about the year. ... National Millennium Trails are 16 long-distance trails selected from 58 nominees as visionary trails that reflect defining aspects Americas history and culture. ... June 26 is the 177th day of the year (178th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 188 days remaining. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...

External links

• An Interactive Study Environment on Spanish Exploration and Colonization of "Alta California" 1774-1776
• Ninth Grade Social Studies Students HyperStudio Projects Using Web de Anza Resources - an interesting high school project
• Juan Bautista de Anza Hational Historic Trail - U.S. National Park Service website