Juan José Arévalo Bermejo (1904 - 1990) was the first of the reformist presidents of Guatemala after the rule of dictators in 1944. He was President from 15 March 1945 to 15 March 1951. Before his presidency, Arévalo had been an exiled university professor who had returned to Guatemala to help in the reconstructive efforts of the new government, especially in the areas of social security and the new constitution. I found this picture on the internet. ... 1904 is a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1990 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The President of Guatemala has been the usual title of the leader of Guatemala since 1851, when that title was assumed by José Rafael Carrera, who had been acting as head of government as general and Caudillo since 1840. ... Dictator was the title of a magistrate in ancient Rome appointed by the Senate to rule the state in times of emergency. ... 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... For specific national programs, see Social Security (United States), National insurance (UK), Social Security (Sweden) Social security mainly refers to a field of social welfare concerned with social protection, or protection against socially recognized needs. ...

His philosophy of "spiritual socialism" (also known as Arevalismo)in the period after World War II was viewed as being akin to communism by international players such as the United States, and this was much cause for international unease. Arévalo was succeeded by Jacobo Arbenz, who continued the reformist approach of Arévalo's government. However, "spiritual socialism" might be considered less an economic system than a movement of the liberation of the imagination of the oppressed people of Latin America. Arévalo, as an educator and philosopher, understood the need for the enlargement in individuals, communities, and nations of the concept and praxis of what is possible. Philosophy (from a combination of the Greek words philos meaning love and sophia meaning wisdom), as a practice, aims at some kind of understanding, knowledge or wisdom about fundamental matters such as reality, knowledge, meaning, value, being and truth. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Communism is a term that can refer to one of several things: a social and economic system, an ideology which supports that system, or a political movement that wishes to implement that system. ... Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán was the democratically-elected, left-wing reformist President of Guatemala. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...

During his six year term, Arévalo's rule was marked by the unprecedented existence of a relatively free political system, with several parties. trade unions and the enfranchisement of a large proportion of the population. In the cities, the advent of Unions was accompanied by labour laws which greatly benefitted the lower and middle classes, although these benefits did not spread to the agrarian rural areas where conditions were still harsh. Whilst the government made some efforts to improve peasants' rights, the situation in rural Guatemala could not be improved without large scale agrarian reform, including land redistribution. The lack of this reform was a major weakness of the administration, and a problem which his successor attempted to confront.