Desert hills in southern Judea, looking east from the town of Arad (ערד) is a modern city in southern Israel, on the border of the Judean Desert, 25 km west of the Dead Sea and 45 km east of Beer-Sheva, near the famous Masada (Metzada), in the South District of Israel. Arad is a thriving town, founded in... Arad

Judea or Judaea (יהודה "Praise", The Modern Hebrew language is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family. What makes it unique is that the original Hebrew Bible, the Torah, that Judaism teaches to have been recorded in the time of Moses 3,300 years ago, was written in (Biblical) Classical Hebrew. Jews have... Standard Hebrew Yəhuda, Tiberian Hebrew is an oral tradition of pronunciation for ancient forms of Hebrew, especially the Hebrew of the Bible, that was given written form by masoretic scholars in the Jewish community at Tiberias in the early middle ages, beginning in the 8th century. This written form employed symbols added to... Tiberian Hebrew Yəhûḏāh) is a term used for the mountainous southern part of historic The term Palestine may refer to: Palestine: A geographical region in the Middle East, centered on Jerusalem. It is claimed by Palestinians and (under the name Eretz Israel) Jews as their ancestral home. The West Bank and the Gaza Strip, sometimes collectively referred to as the Palestinian territories The Palestinian... Palestine, an area now divided between The State of Israel (Hebrew: מדינת ישראל, translit.: Medinat Yisrael; Arabic: دولة اسرائيل, translit.: Daulat Israil) is a country in the Middle East on the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea... Israel, The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, commonly called Jordan, is a country in the Middle East. It is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the north-east, Saudi Arabia to the east and south, and Israel and West Bank to the west. It shares with Israel the coastlines of... Jordan and the The West Bank is a territory in the Middle East constituting the area west of the Jordan River annexed by Jordan at the end of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. The territory formed part of Jordan from 1948 to 1967, after which it was captured by Israel in the 1967... West Bank. In modern times, the name "Yehudah" is most often used by A bilingual poster in Romanian and Hungarian promoting a film about Jewish settlement in Palestine, 1930s. The first line reads Toward a New Life in Romanian, the second line reads The Promised Land in Hungarian. Zionism is a political movement among Jews (although supported by some non-Jews) which maintains... Zionists. Others prefer to use the collective name introduced by The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, commonly called Jordan, is a country in the Middle East. It is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the north-east, Saudi Arabia to the east and south, and Israel and West Bank to the west. It shares with Israel the coastlines of... Jordan in 1948 - "West Bank" - rather than "Judea and Samaria or Sumaria (Hebrew: שומרון [Shomron]) is a term used for the mountainous northern part of the West Bank. In modern times, the name Samaria is most often used by Zionists when speaking a language other than Hebrew. Others prefer to use the collective name... Samaria".

The area was the site of the ancient The Kingdom of Judah (Hebrew מַלְכוּת יְהוּדָה, Standard Hebrew Malḫut Yəhuda, Tiberian Hebrew Malḵûṯ Yəhûḏāh) in the times of the Hebrew Bible, was the nation... Kingdom of Judah and the later Kingdom of Judea, a client-kingdom of the The Roman Empire is not the Holy Roman Empire (843-1806). Roman Empire between AD 60 and 400 with major cities. During this time only Dacia and Mesopotamia were added to the Empire but were lost before 300. The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman... Roman Empire. The name Judea is a Greek and Roman adaptation of the name Judah and was originally applied to the whole of historic Palestine, but by the time of the The New Testament, sometimes called the Greek Scriptures, is the name given to the part of the Christian Bible that was written after the birth of Jesus. The term is a translation of the Latin Novum Testamentum, which translates the Greek Η Καινη Δια... New Testament it had been limited in scope to the south of the region.

Geography

Judea is a mountainous and arid region, much of which is considered to be a A dune in the Egyptian desert In geography, a desert is a landscape form or region that receives little precipitation. As a consequence, deserts have a reputation for supporting very little life. Compared to wetter regions this may be true, although upon closer examination, deserts often harbor a wealth of... desert. It varies greatly in height, rising to an altitude of 1,020m (3,346 ft) in the south at Mount Hebron, 19 miles (30 km) southwest of Jerusalem ( Modern Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַיִם Yerushaláyim, Biblical and trad. Sephardi Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַםִ, Arabic: القدس al-Quds, see also names of Jerusalem) is... Jerusalem, and descending to as much as 400m (1,312ft) below sea level in the east of the region. Major cities in the region include Jerusalem, Betar Illit (ביתר עילית; unofficially also spelled Beitar Illit) is an Israeli settlement in the West Bank. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), at the end of 2003 the city had a total population of 22,900, predominantly Haredi. Demographics... Beitar Illit, This article is about the city in the West Bank. For other articles subjects named Bethlehem, see Bethlehem (disambiguation). Bethlehem (Arabic بيت لحم Bayt Laḥm house of meat; בית לחם house of bread, Standard Hebrew Bet léḥem / Bet... Bethlehem, Ephrath or Ephratah is the Biblical name of the ancient city in the Judean Hills, south of Bethlehem, now called Efrat in the West Bank. It is the urban center of Gush Etzion. Its chief rabbi is Shlomo Riskin, a well-known American rabbi originally from New York City. It... Efrat, Gush Etzion is a group of Israeli settlements first established between 1943 and 1947 located in the West Bank, halfway between Jerusalem and Hebron. Prior attempts to reestablish communities in the area in 1917-1919 and 1935-1936 failed. The history of the settlements is split into two distinct periods... Gush Etzion, For other meanings of the word Jericho, see: Jericho (disambiguation) Jericho (Arabic أريحا Arīḥā; Hebrew alphabet יריחו, Standard Hebrew Yəriḥo, Tiberian Hebrew Yərîḫô, Yərîḥô) is a town in the... Jericho and (This article is about the place in the Middle East. For other uses of the name, see Hebron (disambiguation).) Hebron (Arabic الخليل al-Ḫalīl; Hebrew חברון, Standard Hebrew Ḥevron, Tiberian Hebrew Ḥeḇrôn: the... Hebron.

Geographers divide Judea into several distinct regions: the Hebron hills, the Jerusalem saddle, the Bethel hills and the Judean desert east of Jerusalem, which descends in a series of steps to the The Jordan River flowing into the Dead Sea The Dead Sea ( Hebrew ים המלח, Arabic البحر الميت) is the lowest point on the Earths surface. It is on the border between Israel and Jordan on the Jordan... Dead Sea. In ancient times the hills were forested and the The Bible (From Greek βιβλιος biblios, meaning book, which in turn is derived from βυβλος—byblos meaning papyrus, from the ancient Phoenician city of Byblos which exported papyrus) is a word applied to sacred scriptures. Although most often... Bible records agriculture and sheep farming being practiced in the area. Animals are still grazed today, with shepherds moving them between the low ground to the hilltops (which have more rainfall) as summer approaches. The region dried out over the centuries and much of the ancient tree cover has since disappeared.

History

Human settlement in Judea stretches back to the Stone Age fishing hook. The Stone Age is a broad prehistoric time period during which humans created tools from stone (for lack of better technology). Wood, bones and other materials would also be used, but stone (in particular flint) was shaped for use as cutting tools and weapons. The term... Stone Age and the region is believed by Paeloanthropology is the branch of physical anthropology that focuses on the study of human evolution. Renowned paleoanthropologists Davidson Black (1884-1934) Robert Broom (1866-1951) Raymond Dart (1893-1988) Eugene Dubois (1858-1940) Donald C. Johanson (1943- ) Louis Leakey (1903-1972) Mary Leakey (1913-1996) Richard Leakey (1944- ) Pierre Teilhard... paleoanthropologists to have been one of the routes through which Human beings are defined variously in biological, spiritual, and cultural terms, or in combinations thereof. Biologists classify human beings as Homo sapiens (Latin for knowing man), a primate species of mammal with a highly developed brain, belonging to the family of great apes, along with chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans... homo sapiens travelled In paleoanthropology, the single-origin hypothesis (or Out-of-Africa model) is one of two accounts of the origin of anatomically modern humans, Homo sapiens. (The other theory is the multiregional hypothesis.) Because of the scarcity of fossils and the discovery of important new finds every few years, researchers disagree... out of Africa to Human migration denotes any movement of groups of people from one locality to another, rather than of individual wanderers. Over the course of prehistoric time and in history, humans have been known to make large migrations. This can be compared with periodic passages of groups of animals such as some... colonise the rest of the world around 100,000 years ago. Archaeological evidence of human settlement dates back 11,000 years in the case of the city of For other meanings of the word Jericho, see: Jericho (disambiguation) Jericho (Arabic أريحا Arīḥā; Hebrew alphabet יריחו, Standard Hebrew Yəriḥo, Tiberian Hebrew Yərîḫô, Yərîḥô) is a town in the... Jericho, believed to be the oldest continuously inhabited settlement in the world. In historic times, the region was inhabited by a number of peoples, most famously the An Israelite is a member of the Twelve Tribes of Israel, descended from the twelve sons of the Biblical patriarch Jacob who was renamed Israel by God in the book of Genesis, 32:28 The Israelites were a group of Hebrews, as described in the Bible. There are modern historical... Israelites. Judea is central to much of the narrative of the The Old Testament or the Hebrew Scriptures constitutes the first major part of the Christian Bible, usually divided into the categories law, history, poetry (or wisdom books) and prophecy. All of these books were written before the birth of Jesus. Canon of the Old Testament Main article: Biblical canon The... Old Testament, with the -1... Patriarch Abraham (אַבְרָהָם Father/Leader of many, Standard Hebrew Avraham, Tiberian Hebrew ʾAḇrāhām; Arabic ابراهيم Ibrāhīm) is the patriarch of Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. His story... Abraham said to have been buried at Hebron.

In historic times, Judea was ruled by the The Kingdom of Judah (Hebrew מַלְכוּת יְהוּדָה, Standard Hebrew Malḫut Yəhuda, Tiberian Hebrew Malḵûṯ Yəhûḏāh) in the times of the Hebrew Bible, was the nation... Kingdom of Judah and later by the Kingdom of Judea, a client-kingdom of the The Seleucid Empire was one of several political states founded after the death of Alexander the Great, whose generals squabbled over the division of Alexanders empire. There were over 30 kings of the Seleucid dynasty from 323 to 60 BC. The partition of Alexanders empire (323-281 BC... Seleucid dynasty of Persian art is conscious of a great past, and monumental in many respects. Richard Frye. Example of a modern Persian Miniature by a contemporary artist. Persia is the historical and alternative name for the state of Iran in the European languages. The name was used in the West due to... Persia. It gained its independence briefly in the mid- (3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - other centuries) (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) Events BC 168 Battle of Pydna -- Macedonian phalanx defeated by Romans BC 148 Rome conquers Macedonia BC 146 Rome destroys Carthage in the Third Punic War BC 146 Rome conquers... 2nd century BC and again from Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC - 140s BC - 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC Years: 145 BC 144 BC 143 BC 142 BC 141 BC - 140 BC - 139 BC 138 BC... 140 BC. During the (2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century - other centuries) The 1st century BC starts on January 1, 100 BC and ends on December 31, 1 BC. An alternative name for this century is the last century BC. (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) Events The Roman... 1st century BC Judea lost its autonomy to the Roman Empire by becoming first a client kingdom, then a A Roman province (Latin, provincia, pl. provinciae) was the largest territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empires foreign possessions (beyond the Italian peninsula). (The word province in modern English therefore has its origins in the term employed by the Romans.) Provinces were generally governed by politicians of senatorial... province of the Empire.

The first interference of Rome in the region dates from Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC - 60s BC - 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC Years: 68 BC 67 BC 66 BC 65 BC 64 BC 63 BC 62 BC 61 BC 60... 63 BCE, following the end of the Third Mithridatic war. After the defeat of Mithridates VI of Pontus, (132 BC- 63 BC), called Eupator Dionysius, was the king of Pontus in Asia Minor and one of Romes most formidable and successful enemies. Mithridates was the son of Mithridates V of Pontus, called Euergetes. Mithridates spent much of his early career as a fugitive... Mithridates VI of Pontus, general This article refers to the Roman General. However, Pompey is also the nickname of the city of Portsmouth in Hampshire, England, and also of its principal football club, Portsmouth F.C. Pompey is not to be confused with the Roman city of Pompeii. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Latin: CN·POMPEIVS·CN... Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey the Great) remained back, to secure the area. Judea at the time was not a peaceful place. Queen Alexandra had recently died and her sons, John Hyrcanus (Yohanan Girhan) (reigned 134 BC - 104 BC, died 104 BC) was a Hasmonean (Maccabeean) leader of the 2nd century BC. Apparently the name Hyrcanus was taken by him as a reignal name upon his accession to power. He was the son of Simon Macabee and hence the nephew... Hyrcanus and Aristobulus (reigned 104-103 BC) was a king of the Hebrew Hasmonean Dynasty, and the eldest of the five sons of King John Hyrcanus. According to the directions of John Hyrcanus, the government of the country after his death was to be placed in the hands of his wife, and... Aristobulus, were scourging the country in a power struggle. In Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC - 60s BC - 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC Years: 68 BC 67 BC 66 BC 65 BC 64 BC 63 BC 62 BC 61 BC 60... 63 BCE, Aristobulus was besieged in Jerusalem ( Modern Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַיִם Yerushaláyim, Biblical and trad. Sephardi Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַםִ, Arabic: القدس al-Quds, see also names of Jerusalem) is... Jerusalem by his brother's armies. He sent an envoy to Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (born circa 163 BC – died 88 BC) was a Roman politician. During his time, he was considered one of the best. Scaurus was born in a patrician family, although impoverished. In order to maintain the family lifestyle, his father became a coal-dealer. However, Scaurus himself... Marcus Aemilius Scaurus, Pompey's representative in the area. Aristobulus offered a massive bribe to be rescued that Pompey promptly accepted. Afterwards, Aristobulus accused Scaurus of extortion. Since Scaurus was Pompey's brother in law and protégée, the general retaliated by putting Hyrcanus in charge of the kingdom as prince and high priest. Judea and Galilee (Hebrew hagalil הגליל, Arabic al-jaleel الجليل), meaning circuit, is a large area located in what is currently northern Israel (Tzafon), traditionally divided into three parts: Upper Galilee, Lower Galilee and Western Galilee. Geography Galilee embraces more than one-third... Galilee became client kingdoms of Rome, which meant that, although independent, they had a subservient position towards the See also Roman Republic (18th century) and Roman Republic (19th century). The Roman Republic (Latin: Res Publica Romanorum) was the representative government of Rome and its territories from 510 BC until the establishment of the Roman Empire, sometimes placed at 44 BC (the year of Caesars appointment as perpetual... Republic.

When Pompey was defeated by This article is about Julius Caesar the Roman dictator. For alternative meanings: Julius Caesar (disambiguation). Bust of Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (Latin: C·IVLIVS·C·F·C·N·CAESAR¹) (July 13, 100 BC–March 15, 44 BC) was a Roman military and political leader whose conquest of Gallia... Julius Caesar, Hyrcanus was succeeded by his courtier Antipater. Both Caesar and Antipater were killed in Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC - 40s BC - 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC 0s Years: 49 BC 48 BC 47 BC 46 BC 45 BC 44 BC 43 BC 42 BC 41 BC... 44 BCE, and Herod (Antipater's son) was appointed as governor (tetrarch) by Rome Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC - 40s BC - 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC 0s Years: 46 BC 45 BC 44 BC 43 BC 42 BC 41 BC 40 BC 39 BC 38 BC... 41 BCE. He became the outright ruler (basileus) of Judea in Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC - 30s BC - 20s BC 10s BC 0s 10s 20s Years: 42 BC 41 BC 40 BC 39 BC 38 BC 37 BC 36 BC 35 BC 34 BC 33 BC... 37 BCE and was later known as King Herod I, also known as Herod the Great was an ancient king of Judaea. (c. 74 BC - 4 BC March in Jerusalem). Biography Herod the Great arose from a wealthy, influential Idumaean family, (the Idumaean = the Edomite of the Bible, who settled in Idumea, also known as Edom, in southern... Herod the Great. During his reign the great port of Caesarea is the name of several Roman cities and towns, including: Caesarea Antiochia in Turkey Caesarea Mauretania (Cherchell) in Algeria Caesarea Mazaca (Kaisarieh) in Turkey Caesarea Palaestina (Qesarriya) in Israel Caesarea Philippi in the Golan Heights This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that... Caesarea Maritima was built. He died in Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC - 0s BC - 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s 9 BC 8 BC 7 BC 6 BC 5 BC 4 BC 3 BC 2 BC 1 BC 1 2 Events Archelaus becomes... 4 BCE, and his kingdom was divided among his sons. One, Herod Archelaus, ruled Judea so badly that he was dismissed in For other uses, see number 6. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC - 0s - 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s Years: 1 2 3 4 5 - 6 - 7 8 9 10 11 Events Judea becomes a Roman province Tiberius... 6 CE by the Roman Emperor is the title historians use to refer to the ruler of the Roman Empire. It was not actually used, and there was never actually any single office corresponding to it. Rather, the title Roman Emperor is a convenient shorthand for a complicated collection of offices and powers. In... Roman emperor Augustus Caesar Caesar Augustus (Latin: IMP·CAESAR·DIVI·F·AVGVSTVS)¹ (23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), known earlier in his life as Gaius Octavius or Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, was the first Roman Emperor and is traditionally considered the greatest. Although he preserved the outward form of... Augustus Caesar, after an appeal from his own population.

The kingdom of Judea now became part of a larger Roman province, also called Judea. This was one of the few governed by a knight of the equestrian order, not a former For modern diplomatic consuls, see Consulate general. Consul (abbrev. cos.) was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire. Under the Republic, the minimum age of election to consul for patricians was 40 years of age, for plebeians 42. Two consuls were elected... consul or Definition According to Cicero, Praetor was a title which designated the consuls as the leaders of the armies of the state. He considers the word to contain the same elemental parts as the verb praeire (praeeo: to go before, to precede, to lead the way). The period and office of... praetor of The Roman Senate (Lat., Senatus) was a deliberative body which was important in the government of both the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. The word Senatus is derived from the Latin word senex (old man or elder); literally, Senate is understood to mean something along the lines of council... senatorial rank, because its revenue was of little importance to the Roman treasury and the region was pacified. Pontius Pilate (Latin Pontius Pilatus) was the governor of the small Roman province of Judea from 26 until 36? AD although Tacitus believed him to be the procurator of that province. According to the Christian Gospels, he presided at the trial of Jesus and gave the order for his crucifixion... Pontius Pilate was one of these A promagistrate is a person who acts in and with the authority and capacity of a magistrate, but without holding a magisterial office. A legal innovation of the Roman Republic, the promagistracy was invented in order to provide Rome with governors of overseas territories instead of having to elect more... procurators.

Between For alternate uses, see Number 41. Events January 24 - Claudius succeeds his nephew Caligula as Roman Emperor. Claudius makes Agrippa king of Judea. Messalina, wife of Claudius, persuaded Claudius to have Seneca the Younger banished to Corsica on a charge of adultery with Julia Livilla. Births Octavia, Claudius daughter Marcus... 41 and For alternate uses, see Number 44. Events Emperor Claudius returns from his British campaign in triumph. Births Deaths Saint James the Great (martyrdom) Agrippa I of Judea Claudia Julia, executed niece of Claudius and Messalina (or 43/45). Categories: 44 ... 44 CE Judea regained its relative autonomy, when This entry incorporates text from Eastons Bible Dictionary, 1897, with some modernisation. Agrippa I (c.10 BC - AD 44), king of Judea, the grandson of Herod the Great, and son of Aristobulus and Berenice. His original name was Marcus Julius Agrippa, and he is mistakenly called Herod in the... Herod Agrippa was made king by the emperor For other Romans named Claudius see Claudius (gens). Emperor Claudius Claudian letters Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar Drusus (August 1, 10 BC - October 13, 54), originally known as Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus, was the fourth Roman Emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from January 24th 41 to his death... Claudius. Following Agrippa's death, the province returned to Roman control for a short period. Judea was returned piecemeal to Agrippa's son This entry incorporates text from Eastons Bible Dictionary, 1897, with some modernisation. Agrippa II (AD 27 - 100), son of Agrippa I, and like him originally named Marcus Julius Agrippa. He was the brother of Berenice and Drusilla (second wife of Antonius Felix). He is sometimes mistakenly called Herod Agrippa... Marcus Julius Agrippa in For other uses, see number 48. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC 0s 10s 20s 30s _ 40s - 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s Years: 43 44 45 46 47 - 48 - 49 50 51 52 53 Events Roman Emperor Claudius invests Agrippa II with the office... 48. There was, however, an imperial procurator in the area, responsible for keeping peace and tax raising. When he died, about -1... 100, the area returned to exclusive The Roman Empire is not the Holy Roman Empire (843-1806). Roman Empire between AD 60 and 400 with major cities. During this time only Dacia and Mesopotamia were added to the Empire but were lost before 300. The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman... Roman Empire control.

Judea was also the stage of three major rebellions against the Romans. They were (see Judea rebellions for the full account):

• For other uses, see number 66. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s _ 60s - 70s 80s 90s 100s 110s Years: 61 62 63 64 65 - 66 - 67 68 69 70 71 Events September 22 – Emperor Nero creates the legion I Italica... 66- For other uses, see number 70. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s _ 70s - 80s 90s 100s 110s 120s Years: 65 66 67 68 69 - 70 - 71 72 73 74 75 Events The building of the Colosseum starts (approximate date). Pliny the... 70 CE - first rebellion, followed by the destruction of the The word temple has different meanings in the fields of architecture, religion, geography, anatomy, and education. Religion A temple is a structure reserved for religious worship or sacrifice. Some religions use this generic term: Buddhism (Shaolin) Temple at Uppsala Temple (Greek) Temple in Jerusalem Temple (Mormonism) Temple (Roman) Some religions... Temple and the siege of The Destruction of Jerusalem (specifically, the Second Destruction of Jerusalem) was the culmination of the successful campaign of Titus Flavius against Judea after an unsuccessful attack four years prior by Cestius Gallus. Although the Roman army was ordered to leave certain structures intact, the city was in short time entirely... Jerusalem (see The Great Jewish Revolt (66–73 CE), sometimes called The first Jewish-Roman War, was the first of two major rebellions by the Jews of Judea against the Roman Empire (the second was Bar Kokhbas revolt in 132-135). It began in 66, sparked by religious violence between... Great Jewish Revolt, Josephus, also known as Flavius Josephus (c. 37–c. 100) was a 1st century Jewish historian of priestly and royal ancestry who survived and recorded the Destruction of Jerusalem in 70 and settled in Rome. He was originally known as Yosef Ben-Matityahu (Matthias in Greek). Josephus wrote an... Josephus)
• For other uses, see number 115. Events Pope Sixtus I succeeds Jews in Egypt and Cyrene ignite a revolt against the rule of the Roman Empire, which spreads to Cyprus, Judea, and the Roman province of Mesopotamia. Categories: 115 ... 115- Events Emperor Trajan dies. Hadrian, who will reign until 148, succeeds him. Hadrian returns large parts of Mesopotamia to the Parthians as part of a peace settlement. Jewish revolt in eastern part of the Roman Empire conclusively suppressed. Construction begins on the Pantheon in Rome. Births Deaths August 9 - Trajan... 117 CE - second rebellion, due to excessive taxation
• Events Simon bar Kokhba and Rabbi Eleazar start a war of liberation against the Romans, which is crushed by emperor Hadrian. Rabbi Akiva is also supportive of the rebellion at first, but withdraws his support over differences with bar Kokhba. The Olympeion in Athens is completed Chinese scientist Zhang Heng... 132- For other uses, see number 135. Events Epictetus writes the Enchiridion (approximate date) Last (4th) year of Yangjia era of the Chinese Han Dynasty The Diaspora begins as the Jews are expelled by the Roman Empire. Deaths Simon bar Kokhba, leader of the Jewish revolt against the Roman Empire Rabbi... 135 CE - third rebellion, led by Simon bar Kokhba was a Jewish military leader who led a revolt against the Romans in AD 132. He subsequently established an independent state of Israel which he ruled for three years as Nasi (Prince or President). His state was conquered by the Romans in AD 135 following a two... Simon Bar Kokhba

Following the suppression of Bar Kokhba's revolt, the emperor Emperor Hadrian Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus (January 24, 76 - July 10, 138), known as Hadrian in English, was a Roman emperor from 117 - 138. Hadrian was born in Italica, Hispania, to a well-established settler family. He was a distant relative of his predecessor Trajan. Trajan never officially designated a... Hadrian changed the name of the province to See related article Occupations of Palestine. The History of Palestine is the account of events in Palestine from ancient times to the present. Historical overview The term Palestine originates with the Philistines, who inhabited the southern coast of the region in biblical times. The name appears to have been in... Syria Palaestina and Jerusalem became Aelia Capitolina was a city built by the emperor Hadrian in the year 131, and occupied by a Roman colony, on the site of Syrian dominions. Aelia is derived from the emperors family name, and Capitolina from that of Jupiter Capitolinus, to whom a temple was built on the... Aelia Capitolina in order to humiliate the The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination... Jewish population by attempting to erase their historical ties to the region. The other portions of Roman Palestine became the provinces of Galilee (Hebrew hagalil הגליל, Arabic al-jaleel الجليل), meaning circuit, is a large area located in what is currently northern Israel (Tzafon), traditionally divided into three parts: Upper Galilee, Lower Galilee and Western Galilee. Geography Galilee embraces more than one-third... Galilee, Samaria or Sumaria (Hebrew: שומרון [Shomron]) is a term used for the mountainous northern part of the West Bank. In modern times, the name Samaria is most often used by Zionists when speaking a language other than Hebrew. Others prefer to use the collective name... Samaria, and Peraea.

The region was conquered by A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. The word Muslim means one who submits and implies complete submission to the will of God ( Allah). Muslims believe that nature is itself Islamic, since it follows natural laws placed by God. Thus, a Muslim strives to surrender to God... Muslim Arab (disambiguation). There are three factors which may assist to varying degrees in determining whether someone is considered Arab or not: Political: whether they live in a country which is a member of the Arab League (or, more vaguely, the Arab world); this definition covers more than 300 million people... Arabs in Events May 28 - Severinus becomes pope, but dies the same year. December 24 - Severinus is succeeded by John IV. Muslims capture Alexandria. Tulga succeeds his father Suinthila as king of the Visigoths. Births Aldhelm, Bible translator Musa bin Nusair, Umayyad general and governor Deaths 2 August - Pope Severinus 12 September... 640 but fell to the This article is about historical Crusades . For other uses, see Crusade (disambiguation) Historically, the Crusades were a series of several military campaigns, usually sanctioned by the Papacy, that took place during the 11th through 13th centuries. Originally, they were Roman Catholic endeavors to capture the Holy Land from the Muslims... Crusaders in Events Siege of Jerusalem during the First Crusade: July 8 - 15,000 starving Christian soldiers march around Jerusalem as its Muslim defenders mock them. July 15 - Christian soldiers under Godfrey of Bouillon, Robert II of Flanders, Raymond IV of Toulouse and Tancred take Jerusalem after a difficult siege. August 12... 1099. Arab control was restored in Events May 10 - Scottish nobles recognize the authority of King Edward I of England. August 1 - The Swiss Confederation is formed by Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden (the Letter of Alliance). The Sultan of Egypt Khalil captures Acre, ending the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. James II becomes King of Aragon. Frederick... 1291. In Events March - With the death of Ferdinand II of Aragon, his grandson Charles of Ghent becomes King of Spain as Carlos I. July - Selim I of the Ottoman Empire declares war on the Mameluks and invades Syria. August 13 - Treaty of Noyon - Peace between France and Spain. Francis recognizes Charles... 1516, the expanding The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital İstanbul ( Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 12+ million km² Establishment 1299 Dissolution October... Ottoman Empire took control of Judea, which it retained until the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country in western Europe, and a member of the British Commonwealth and European Union. Usually known simply as the United Kingdom, UK or, inaccurately, as Great Britain or Britain, the UK has four constituent parts. Three of these parts... British defeated the Areas settled by Turkic peoples in the late 19th and early 20th century The Turkic people are any of various peoples whose members speak languages in the Turkic family of languages. These people, possibly numbering 150 million in population, are probably the diverse descendants of large groups of tribespeople who... Turks at the Battle of Megiddo Conflict First World War Date September 19- 21, 1918 Place Megiddo, Palestine Result British victory The Battle of Megiddo of September 19- 21, 1918, was an important milestone in British General Edmund Allenbys conquest of Palestine during World War I. His forces made a massive push... Battle of Megiddo on the site of the Biblical Battle of In Christian apocalyptic literature (the Book of Revelation), Armageddon or Har-Mageddon is the site of the final battle between the kings of the earth (incited by Satan) and the Christian God. The term is also used for the battle itself, or more broadly for an Apocalypse. A similar concept... Armageddon.

It then became part of the The British Mandate of Palestine was a swathe of territory in the Middle East, formerly belonging to the Ottoman Empire, which the League of Nations entrusted to the United Kingdom to administer in the aftermath of World War I as a Mandate Territory. Establishment of British League of Nations mandate... British Mandate of Palestine, with the territory of Judea split between British-ruled Palestine and the autonomous Emirate of Corresponding geographically to todays Kingdom of Jordan, the Emirate of Transjordan was an autonomous political subdivision of the British Mandate of Palestine, split off in April 1921. It remained a legal part of Palestine, under the nominal auspices of the League of Nations, until its independence in 1946. Transjordan... Transjordan (a territorial unit within the Mandate, later to become the independent Kingdom of The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, commonly called Jordan, is a country in the Middle East. It is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the north-east, Saudi Arabia to the east and south, and Israel and West Bank to the west. It shares with Israel the coastlines of... Jordan). The area remained part of Jordan when the kingdom became independent in 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. (see link for calendar) Events January January 4 - Theodore Schurch becomes the last person to be executed for offences committed under the Treachery Act of 1940 January 7 - Allied recognize Austrian republic with 1937 borders - the country is divided into four occupation... 1946, with most parts of Judea within the old British Mandate territory being administered by Jordan following the The 1948 Arab-Israeli War, called the War of Independence by Israelis and al Nakba the catastrophe by Arabs, was the first in a series of wars in the Arab-Israeli conflict. It established the state of Israel as an independent state, with the rest of the British Mandate of... 1948 Arab-Israeli War. It was annexed by Jordan in Events January January 5 - US Senator Estes Kefauver introduces a resolution calling for examination of organized crime in the USA January 6 - The United Kingdom recognizes the Peoples Republic of China. The Republic of China severs diplomatic relations with Britain in response. January 9 - The Israeli government recognizes the... 1950 (though this annexation was recognized only by the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country in western Europe, and a member of the British Commonwealth and European Union. Usually known simply as the United Kingdom, UK or, inaccurately, as Great Britain or Britain, the UK has four constituent parts. Three of these parts... United Kingdom and The Islamic Republic of Pakistan (پاکستان in Urdu), or Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia. Pakistan borders India, Iran, Afghanistan, China and the Arabian Sea. With over 150 million inhabitants it is the sixth most populous country in the world. It also... Pakistan) and remained part of Jordan until the 1967 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE55Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE60Fixes.css; /**/ 1967 From Wikipedia 1967 was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). Events January January 3 - Edward Tyree III is born in Philadelphia, Pa. The Famous... 1967 The 1967 Arab-Israeli War, also known as the Six-Day War or June War, was fought between Israel and its Arab neighbors Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. As a result of the war, Israel gained control of the Gaza Strip, the Sinai Peninsula, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights... Six-Day War, when it was taken by Israeli forces. It is now generally known outside Israel as the West Bank, though within Israel it is often still referred to as Judea in a conscious attempt to re-associate the region with its Biblical past.

Chronology

• until Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC - 60s BC - 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC Years: 68 BC 67 BC 66 BC 65 BC 64 BC 63 BC 62 BC 61 BC 60... 63 BCE - independent state
• Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC - 60s BC - 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC Years: 68 BC 67 BC 66 BC 65 BC 64 BC 63 BC 62 BC 61 BC 60... 63 BCE- For other uses, see number 6. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC - 0s - 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s Years: 1 2 3 4 5 - 6 - 7 8 9 10 11 Events Judea becomes a Roman province Tiberius... 6 CE - client kingdom of Rome
• For other uses, see number 6. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC - 0s - 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s Years: 1 2 3 4 5 - 6 - 7 8 9 10 11 Events Judea becomes a Roman province Tiberius... 6- For alternate uses, see Number 41. Events January 24 - Claudius succeeds his nephew Caligula as Roman Emperor. Claudius makes Agrippa king of Judea. Messalina, wife of Claudius, persuaded Claudius to have Seneca the Younger banished to Corsica on a charge of adultery with Julia Livilla. Births Octavia, Claudius daughter Marcus... 41 - Roman province
• For other uses, see number 26. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC 0s 10s - 20s - 30s 40s 50s 60s 70s Years: 21 22 23 24 25 - 26 - 27 28 29 30 31 Events Pontius Pilate is appointed as Prefect of Judaea... 26- For alternate uses, see Number 36. Events Pontius Pilate is recalled to Rome after putting down a Samaritan uprising. Births Deaths Categories: 36 ... 36 - procurator Pontius Pilatus
• For alternate uses, see Number 41. Events January 24 - Claudius succeeds his nephew Caligula as Roman Emperor. Claudius makes Agrippa king of Judea. Messalina, wife of Claudius, persuaded Claudius to have Seneca the Younger banished to Corsica on a charge of adultery with Julia Livilla. Births Octavia, Claudius daughter Marcus... 41- For alternate uses, see Number 44. Events Emperor Claudius returns from his British campaign in triumph. Births Deaths Saint James the Great (martyrdom) Agrippa I of Judea Claudia Julia, executed niece of Claudius and Messalina (or 43/45). Categories: 44 ... 44 - ruling of Herod Agrippa (client king)
• For alternate uses, see Number 44. Events Emperor Claudius returns from his British campaign in triumph. Births Deaths Saint James the Great (martyrdom) Agrippa I of Judea Claudia Julia, executed niece of Claudius and Messalina (or 43/45). Categories: 44 ... 44- For other uses, see number 48. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC 0s 10s 20s 30s _ 40s - 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s Years: 43 44 45 46 47 - 48 - 49 50 51 52 53 Events Roman Emperor Claudius invests Agrippa II with the office... 48 - Roman province
• For other uses, see number 48. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC 0s 10s 20s 30s _ 40s - 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s Years: 43 44 45 46 47 - 48 - 49 50 51 52 53 Events Roman Emperor Claudius invests Agrippa II with the office... 48--1... 100 - ruling of Herod Agrippa II (client king)
• For other uses, see number 66. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s _ 60s - 70s 80s 90s 100s 110s Years: 61 62 63 64 65 - 66 - 67 68 69 70 71 Events September 22 – Emperor Nero creates the legion I Italica... 66- For other uses, see number 70. Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s _ 70s - 80s 90s 100s 110s 120s Years: 65 66 67 68 69 - 70 - 71 72 73 74 75 Events The building of the Colosseum starts (approximate date). Pliny the... 70 - First rebellion
• -1... 100 onwards - Roman province
• For other uses, see number 115. Events Pope Sixtus I succeeds Jews in Egypt and Cyrene ignite a revolt against the rule of the Roman Empire, which spreads to Cyprus, Judea, and the Roman province of Mesopotamia. Categories: 115 ... 115- Events Emperor Trajan dies. Hadrian, who will reign until 148, succeeds him. Hadrian returns large parts of Mesopotamia to the Parthians as part of a peace settlement. Jewish revolt in eastern part of the Roman Empire conclusively suppressed. Construction begins on the Pantheon in Rome. Births Deaths August 9 - Trajan... 117 - second rebellion
• Events Simon bar Kokhba and Rabbi Eleazar start a war of liberation against the Romans, which is crushed by emperor Hadrian. Rabbi Akiva is also supportive of the rebellion at first, but withdraws his support over differences with bar Kokhba. The Olympeion in Athens is completed Chinese scientist Zhang Heng... 132- For other uses, see number 135. Events Epictetus writes the Enchiridion (approximate date) Last (4th) year of Yangjia era of the Chinese Han Dynasty The Diaspora begins as the Jews are expelled by the Roman Empire. Deaths Simon bar Kokhba, leader of the Jewish revolt against the Roman Empire Rabbi... 135 - third rebellion: Simon Bar Kokhba
• For other uses, see number 135. Events Epictetus writes the Enchiridion (approximate date) Last (4th) year of Yangjia era of the Chinese Han Dynasty The Diaspora begins as the Jews are expelled by the Roman Empire. Deaths Simon bar Kokhba, leader of the Jewish revolt against the Roman Empire Rabbi... 135 - Judea renamed Syria Palaestina by emperor Hadrian
• Events May 28 - Severinus becomes pope, but dies the same year. December 24 - Severinus is succeeded by John IV. Muslims capture Alexandria. Tulga succeeds his father Suinthila as king of the Visigoths. Births Aldhelm, Bible translator Musa bin Nusair, Umayyad general and governor Deaths 2 August - Pope Severinus 12 September... 640 - Beginning of Muslim Arab rule
• Events Siege of Jerusalem during the First Crusade: July 8 - 15,000 starving Christian soldiers march around Jerusalem as its Muslim defenders mock them. July 15 - Christian soldiers under Godfrey of Bouillon, Robert II of Flanders, Raymond IV of Toulouse and Tancred take Jerusalem after a difficult siege. August 12... 1099 - The Crusaders conquer the region
• Events May 10 - Scottish nobles recognize the authority of King Edward I of England. August 1 - The Swiss Confederation is formed by Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden (the Letter of Alliance). The Sultan of Egypt Khalil captures Acre, ending the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. James II becomes King of Aragon. Frederick... 1291 - Final defeat of the Crusaders and reassertion of Muslim rule
• Events March - With the death of Ferdinand II of Aragon, his grandson Charles of Ghent becomes King of Spain as Carlos I. July - Selim I of the Ottoman Empire declares war on the Mameluks and invades Syria. August 13 - Treaty of Noyon - Peace between France and Spain. Francis recognizes Charles... 1516 - Beginning of Ottoman rule
• 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). Events January-February January 8 - President Woodrow Wilson announces his Fourteen Points for the aftermath of World War I. January 24 - a decree of the Council of Peoples Commissars, introducing the Gregorian calendar in Russia since February... 1918 - Defeat of the Ottomans; beginning of British rule
• 1919 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). Events January January 1 - Iolaire sinking disaster January 1 - Edsel Ford succeeds his father as head of the Ford Motor Company January 5 - Spartacist uprising - Socialist demonstrations in Berlin turn into attempted communist revolution January 9 - Spartacus revolutionary... 1919 - Incorporation into the British Mandate of Palestine
• 1948 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). Events January-February January 1 - Nationalisation of UK railways to form British Railways. Arab militants lay siege to the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. First day of the Italian republican constitution. January 4... 1948 - Partial division between Israel and Jordan
• 1967 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE55Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE60Fixes.css; /**/ 1967 From Wikipedia 1967 was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). Events January January 3 - Edward Tyree III is born in Philadelphia, Pa. The Famous... 1967 - Most of historic Judea is captured by Israel

External links

• The subjugation of Judea (http://www.livius.org/ja-jn/jewish_wars/jwar01.htm)
• Judaea 6-66 CE (http://www.livius.org/jo-jz/judaea/judaea.htm)