Hugh Judson Kilpatrick (1836-1881)

Hugh Judson Kilpatrick ( January 14 is the 14th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...14 January Events January _ Book by Maria Monk claims that she was sexually exploited in a Canadian convent February 3 _ United States Whig Party holds its first convention in Albany, New York. ...1836 near Sussex is a borough located in Sussex County, New Jersey. ...Deckertown, New Jersey – December 4 is the 338th day (339th on leap years) of the Gregorian calendar. ...4 December Events January _ April January 16_24 ? Siege of Geok Tepe ? Russian troops under general Skobeleff defeat Turkomans January 25 _ Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company February 5 _ Phoenix, Arizona is incorporated. ...1881 in Satellite image of Santiago Santiago (full form Santiago de Chile) is the capital of Chile. ...Santiago, Chile) was a officer in the The Union Army refers to the United States Army during the American Civil War. ...Union army during the The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 until 1865 between the United States – forces coming mostly from the 23 northern states of the Union – and the newly_formed Confederate States of America, which consisted of 11 southern states that had declared their secession. ...American Civil War achieving the rank of In the military, brevet refers to a warrant authorizing a commissioned officer to hold a higher rank temporarily (usually without receiving the pay of the higher rank). ...Brevet Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ...Major General, the United States Minister to Chile, and a failed political candidate for the The House of Representatives is the larger of two houses that make up the U.S. Congress, the other being the United States Senate. ...U.S. House of Representatives and This is a list of governors of New Jersey. ...Governor of New Jersey.

Known as "Kilcavalry" (or "Kill_Cavalry") for using tactics in battle that were considered as a reckless disregard for lives of soldiers under his command, Kilpatrick was both praised for the victories he achieved, and despised by southerners whose homes and towns he devastated.

Biography

Early life

The fourth child of Colonel Simon Kilpatrick and Julia Wickham, Hugh Judson Kilpatrick was born on January 14 is the 14th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...14 January Events January _ Book by Maria Monk claims that she was sexually exploited in a Canadian convent February 3 _ United States Whig Party holds its first convention in Albany, New York. ...1836 on the family farm in Wantage Township is a township located in Sussex County, New Jersey. ...Wantage Township, near Sussex is a borough located in Sussex County, New Jersey. ...Deckertown, New Jersey (now Sussex Borough).

Kilpatrick entered the Alternate meanings: West Point (disambiguation). ...United States Military Academy at West Point is also a town in Virginia West Point is a federal military base (and a census_designated place) located in the Town of Highlands in Orange County, New York. ...West Point, New York in 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...1856.

Service during the American Civil War

He graduated from the Alternate meanings: West Point (disambiguation). ...U.S. Military Academy in 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ...1861, just after the start of the war, and was commissioned a Second Lieutenant is the lowest commissioned rank in many armed forces. ...second lieutenant in the 1st U.S. Artillery. Within three days he was a Captain is both a nautical term and a military rank. ...captain in the 5th New York Infantry ("Duryea's A zouave from 1886. ...Zouaves").

Kilpatrick was the first The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land_based military operations. ...U.S. Army officer to be wounded in the Civil War, struck in the thigh by cannister fire while leading a company at the Battle of Big Bethel Conflict American Civil War Date June 10, 1861 Place York County and Hampton, Virginia Result Confederate victory The Battle of Big Bethel, also known as the Battle of Bethel Church or Great Bethel took place on June 10, 1861 in York County and Hampton, Virginia as...Battle of Big Bethel, June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining. ...June 10, 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ...1861. By September 25 is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years). ...September 25 he was a In the U.S. Army, Air Force and Marine Corps, a lieutenant colonel is a commissioned officer superior to a major and inferior to a colonel. ...lieutenant colonel, now in the 2nd New York Cavalry, which he helped to raise, and it was the mounted arm that brought him fame and infamy.

Assignments were initially quiet for Lt. Col. Kilpatrick, serving in staff jobs and in minor cavalry skirmishes. That changed in the Second Battle of Bull Run Conflict American Civil War Date August 28–30, 1862 Place Prince William County Result Confederate victory The Second Battle of Manassas, known as the Second Battle of Bull Run in the North, was a battle during the American Civil War. ...Second Battle of Bull Run in August is the eighth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ...August, Events January_March January 10 _ End of term for John Gately Downey, 7th Governor of California. ...1862. He raided the Virginia Central Railroad early in the campaign and then ordered a foolish twilight cavalry charge the first evening of the battle, losing a full A Squadron is a grouping of aircraft, naval vessels, armoured fighting vehicles or soldiers. ...squadron of troopers. Nevertheless, he was promoted to full A Colonel is also a non_military honorary title awarded by some U.S. Southern states. ...colonel on December 6 is the 340th day (341st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...December 6.

Kilpatrick was aggressive, fearless, ambitious, and blustery. He was a master, in his mid_twenties, of using political influence to get ahead. His men had little love for his manner and his willingness to exhaust men and horses and to order suicidal mounted cavalry charges. (The rifled muskets introduced to warfare in the 1850s made the historic cavalry charge essentially an anachronism. Cavalry's role shrank primarily to screening, raiding, and reconnaissance.) The widespread nickname they used for Kilpatrick was "Kill Cavalry". He also had a bad reputation with others in the Army. His camps were poorly maintained and frequented by prostitutes, often visiting Kilpatrick himself. He was jailed in Events January_March January 10 _ End of term for John Gately Downey, 7th Governor of California. ...1862 on charges of corruption, accused of selling captured For other meanings of confederate and confederacy, see confederacy (disambiguation) National Motto Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God our Vindicator) Official language English de facto nationwide Various European and Native American languages regionally Capital Montgomery, Alabama February 4, 1861–May 29, 1861 Richmond, Virginia May 29, 1861–April 9, 1865 Largest...Confederate goods for personal gain. He was jailed again for a drunken spree in Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United...Washington, D.C., and for allegedly accepting bribes in the procurement of horses for his command.

In February is the second month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...February, 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ...1863, This article is about Joseph Hooker, the U.S. Civil War Major General. ...Joseph Hooker created a Cavalry This article is about a military unit. ...Corps in the Generals Burnside, Hancock, Couch, Ferro, Patrick, Wilcox, Cochrane, Buford and others. ...Army of the Potomac, commanded by Categories: Stub | 1822 births | 1894 deaths | Governors of California ...George Stoneman. Kilpatrick assumed command of the 1st Brigade is a term from military science which refers to a group of several battalions (typically two to four), and directly attached supporting units (normally including at least an artillery battery and additional logistic support). ...Brigade, 2nd A division is a large military unit or formation usually consisting of around 10,000 soldiers. ...Division. In the Battle of Chancellorsville Conflict American Civil War Date April 30 – May 6, 1863 Place Spotsylvania County Result Decisive Confederate victory The Battle of Chancellorsville was a major battle of the American Civil War in 1863. ...Chancellorsville Campaign in May is the fifth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ...May, Stoneman's cavalry was ordered to swing deeply behind For the author of Inherit the Wind and other works, see Robert Edwin Lee. ...Robert E. Lee's army and destroy railroads and supplies. Kilpatrick did just that, with gusto. Although the corps failed to distract Lee as intended, Kilpatrick achieved fame by aggressively capturing wagons, burning bridges, and riding around Lee, almost to the outskirts of Richmond is the capital of Virginia, a state (officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) of the United States of America. ...Richmond, Virginia.

At the beginning of the Battle of Gettysburg Conflict American Civil War Date July 1–3, 1863 Place Adams County Result Union victory The Battle of Gettysburg (July 1–3, 1863), which took place in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, was one of the largest battles ever conducted in the Western Hemisphere, and...Gettysburg Campaign, on June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ...June 9, 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ...1863, Kilpatrick fought at Battle of Brandy Station Conflict American Civil War Date June 9, 1863 Place Culpeper County Result Inconclusive The Battle of Brandy Station was the largest cavalry engagement on the North American continent. ...Brandy Station, the largest cavalry battle of the war. He received his A Brigadier General, or one_star general, is the lowest rank of general officer in the United States and some other countries, ranking just above Colonel and just below Major General. ...brigadier general's star on June 13 is the 164th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (165th in leap years), with 201 days remaining. ...June 13, fought at Battle of Aldie Conflict American Civil War Date June 17, 1863 Place Loudoun County, Virginia Result Inconclusive The Battle of Aldie took place on June 17, 1863 in Loudoun County, Virginia as part of the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil War. ...Aldie and Battle of Upperville Conflict American Civil War Date June 21, 1863 Place Loudoun County, Virginia Result Inconclusive The Battle of Upperville took place on June 21, 1863 in Loudoun County, Virginia as part of the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil War. ...Upperville, and assumed division command three days before the Battle of Gettysburg Conflict American Civil War Date July 1–3, 1863 Place Adams County Result Union victory The Battle of Gettysburg ( July 1– 3, 1863), fought in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, as part of the Gettysburg Campaign, was the largest battle ever conducted in North America...Battle of Gettysburg commenced. On June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 184 days remaining. ...June 30, he clashed briefly with James Ewell Brown Stuart (February 6, 1833 – May 12, 1864) was an American soldier from Virginia. ...J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry at Hanover is a borough located in York County, Pennsylvania. ...Hanover, Pennsylvania, but then proceeded on a wild goose chase in pursuit of Stuart, rather than fulfilling his mission of intelligence gathering.

On the second day of the Gettysburg battle, July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 182 days remaining. ...July 2, 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ...1863, Kilpatrick's division skirmished against There were three men in American history __ grandfather, father, and son __ called Wade Hampton: Wade Hampton (1754—1835), captain in the War of Independence and brigadier_general in the War of 1812; Wade Hampton (1791—1858), one of the wealthiest planters in the South; and Wade Hampton (1818—1902), Confederate...Wade Hampton five miles northeast of town. He then settled in for the night southeast, at Two Taverns. One of his famous brigade commanders, George Armstrong Custer George Armstrong Custer (December 5, 1839 _ June 25, 1876) was an American cavalry commander in the Civil War and the Indian Wars who is best remembered for his defeat and death at the Battle of the Little Bighorn against a coalition of Native American tribes, led by...George A. Custer, was ordered to join David McM. Gregg's division for the next day's action against Stuart's cavalry east of town, so Kilpatrick was down to one brigade. On July 3 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ...July 3, after Pickett's Charge, he was ordered by army commander George Gordon Meade (December 31, 1815 - November 6, 1872) was an American military officer during the American Civil War. ...George G. Meade and Cavalry Corps commander Alfred Pleasonton to launch a cavalry charge against the infantry positions of James Longstreet James Longstreet (January 8, 1821 – January 2, 1904) was one of the foremost generals of the American Civil War, and later enjoyed a successful post-war career working for the government of his former enemies, as a diplomat and administrator. ...James Longstreet's Corps on the Confederate right flank, just west of Little Round Top. Kilpatrick's lone brigade commander, Brig. Gen. Elon Farnsworth, protested against the futility of such a move, but obeyed orders; Kilpatrick essentially questioned his bravery and dared him to charge. Farnsworth was killed in the attack and his brigade suffered significant losses.

Kilpatrick and the rest of the cavalry pursued and harassed Lee during his retreat back to Virginia. That fall, he took part in an expedition to destroy the Confederate gunboats Satellite and Reliance in the For the river in New Zealand, see Rappahannock River, New Zealand The Rappahannock River is a river in eastern Virginia in the United States, approximately 184 mi (294 km). ...Rappahannock River, boarding them and capturing their crews successfully.

The Dahlgren Affair

Just before the start of Ulysses Simpson Grant ( April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American Civil War general and the 18th ( 1869– 1877) president of the United States. ...Ulysses S. Grant's Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee The Overland Campaign, or Grants Overland Campaign, was a series of battles fought in Virginia during May and June, 1864, in the American Civil War. ...Overland Campaign in the spring of Events January _ March January 21 _ Maori Wars: The Tauranga Campaign starts. ...1864, Kilpatrick conducted a raid toward Richmond and through the The Virginia Peninsula is a peninsula in southeast Virginia, bounded by the York River, James River, Hampton Roads, and Chesapeake Bay. ...Virginia Peninsula, hoping to rescue Union prisoners of war held at Belle Isle and in Libby Prison, located in Richmond, Virginia, was a former tobacco warehouse located on Tobacco Row, converted into prison used by the Confederacy to house captured Union officers during the American Civil War. ...Libby Prison. He destroyed much property and had many encounters with the enemy, but was unsuccessful in his aims. And one of his brigade commanders, Ulric Dahlgren, son of Rear Admiral Rear Admiral John Adolph Dahlgren, USN, (1809_1870), son of the Swedish Consul in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, made his career in the United States Navy. ...John Adolph Dalhgren, was killed in the process. The "Kilpatrick_Dahlgren" expedition was such a fiasco that Kilpatrick found he was no longer welcome in the Eastern Theater. He transferred west to command the 3rd Division of the Cavalry Corps of the Union army in the west during the American Civil War, commanded at various times by Generals Robert Anderson, Don Carlos Buell, William S. Rosecrans, and George Thomas. ...Army of the Cumberland, under General Portrait of William Tecumseh Sherman by Mathew Brady William Tecumseh Sherman (February 8, 1820 – February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, and author. ...William Tecumsah Sherman.

Sherman's March to the Sea

Summing up Judson Kilpatrick in 1864, Sherman said "I know that Kilpatrick is a hell of a damned fool, but I want just that sort of man to command my cavalry on this expedition."

Starting in May, 1864, Kilpatrick rode in the During the American Civil War, the Atlanta Campaign resulted in battles that occurred throughout northern Georgia and the area around Atlanta, Georgia during the summer of 1864, leading to the eventual fall of Atlanta and a hastening of the end of the war. ...Atlanta Campaign. On May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ...May 13, he was severely wounded in the thigh at the Battle of Resaca Conflict American Civil War Date May 13_15, 1864 Place Gordon County and Whitfield County, Georgia Result Inconclusive The Battle of Resaca was part of the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War. ...Battle of Resaca and his injuries kept him out of the field until late July. He had considerable success raiding behind Confederate lines, tearing up railroads, and at one point rode his division completely around the enemy positions in This article is about the state capital of Georgia. ...Atlanta.

Kilpatrick continued with Sherman through his Major General William T. Sherman. ...March to the Sea to Savannah may refer to the following articles Cities Savannah, Georgia Savannah, Missouri Savannah, New York Savannah, Tennessee Other An alternate spelling of savanna _ a type of grassland GNU Savannah _ an aggregation of software development projects affiliated with the GNU project Savannah (film actress) _ a pornographic film star SS Savannah, the...Savannah and north through the Carolinas. He delighted in destroying southern property. On two occasions his coarse personal instincts betrayed him: Confederate cavalry raided his camp while he was in bed with prostitutes, and he was forced to flee for his life in his underclothes. He commanded a division of the Cavalry Corps in the Military Division of Mississippi from April to June, 1865, and was promoted to Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ...major general of volunteers on June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ...June 18, 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ...1865.

Political ambitions

He became active in politics as a The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party) [1], is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ...Republican and in 1880 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...1880 was an unsuccessful candidate for the The Congress of the United States is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States of America. ...U.S. Congress from New Jersey.

Diplomacy in South America

In 1865 Kilpatrick was appointed Minister to The Republic of Chile is a country located on the southwestern coast of South America. ...Chile by Seal of the President of the United States, official impression The President of the United States is the head of state of the United States. ...President Andrew Johnson ( December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875) was the sixteenth Vice President ( 1865) and the seventeenth President of the United States ( 1865– 1869), succeeding to the presidency upon the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. ...Andrew Johnson, and he was continued in that office by President Grant, but was recalled in 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...1868.

In March, Events January _ April January 16_24 ? Siege of Geok Tepe ? Russian troops under general Skobeleff defeat Turkomans January 25 _ Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company February 5 _ Phoenix, Arizona is incorporated. ...1881, President James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 _ September 19, 1881) was the 20th (1881) President of the United States, the first left_handed President, and the second U.S. President to be assassinated. ...James Garfield appointed him again to the post of Minister to Chile, where he died shortly after his arrival in the Chilean capital Satellite image of Santiago Santiago (full form Santiago de Chile) is the capital of Chile. ...Santiago. His remains returned to the United States in 1887 and were interred at the United States Military Academy Post Cemetery in West Point is also a town in Virginia West Point is a federal military base (and a census_designated place) located in the Town of Highlands in Orange County, New York. ...West Point, New York.

Triviata

Quotes regarding Kilpatrick

All during the night of the second, the 4th had several scouts out...one advanced sufficiently close to overhear loud talking between the two Union cavalry Generals, Kilpatrick and Farnsworth. The former was in command of a division occupying the front of our right flank, which was defended by a thin line of our infantry skirmishers.... It appears from what our scout caught of the heated conversation that Kilpatrick had ordered Farnsworth, a brave and ambitions young brigade officer, but recently promoted, to charge over our picket line and turn our right flank. Farnsworth earnestly protested against such a fools errand, whereupon Kilpatrick angrily remarked, "Then, by God, if you are afraid to go I will lead the charge myself." Farnsworth then without further protest determined to make the effort. This was immediately reported to General Law, and preparations made during the 3rd to meet it.

—from Robert T. Cole, History of the 4th Regiment, Alabama Volunteer Infantry

Trivia

• Artist and socialite Gloria Vanderbilt, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1958. ...Gloria Vanderbilt ( 1920 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) Events January January 7 _ Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ...1920–present) is Hugh Judson Kilpatrick's great_granddaughter.
• A member of General George Gordon Meade (December 31, 1815 _ November 6, 1872) was an American military officer during the American Civil War. ...George G. Meade's staff, wrote in his diary that it was hard to look at Kilpatrick without bursting into laughter. Described as short in stature, with red hair and stringy sand_colored side burns, he spoke in a shrill voice and walked in a rolling gate. Others described his lack of physical attractiveness in that he was "A wiry, restless, undersized man with black eyes [and] a lantern jaw." Despite these aesthetic limitations, Kilpatrick earned a steady reputation as a philander.
• Kilpatrick is the author of two plays, Allatoona: An Historical and Military Drama in Five Acts ( 1875 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...1875) and The Blue and the Gray: Or, War is Hell (posthumous, 1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ...1930).

See Also

• The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 until 1865 between the United States – forces coming mostly from the 23 northern states of the Union – and the newly_formed Confederate States of America, which consisted of 11 southern states that had declared their secession. ...American Civil War
• During the American Civil War, the Atlanta Campaign resulted in battles that occurred throughout northern Georgia and the area around Atlanta, Georgia during the summer of 1864, leading to the eventual fall of Atlanta and a hastening of the end of the war. ...Atlanta Campaign
• This is a list of topics relating to the American Civil War. ...List of American Civil War topics
• Major General William T. Sherman. ...Sherman's March to the Sea

References

Footnotes

Books

• John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher. Civil War High Commands (Stanford University Press, 2001) ISBN 0804736413
• Robert Underwood Johnson and Clarence Clough Buel. Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. 4 volumes (New York: Century, 1887)
• Lloyd Lewis. Sherman: Fighting Prophet (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1958)
• Samuel J. Martin. Kill_Cavalry: The Life of Union General Hugh Judson Kilpatrick (Stackpole Books, 2000) ISBN 081170887X
• John Edward Pierce. General Hugh Judson Kilpatrick in the American Civil War. Ph.D. Dissertation. Pennsylvania State University, 1983.
• Duane Schultz. The Dahlgren Affair: Terror and Conspiracy in the Civil War (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1999) ISBN 0393319865
• James P. Snell History of Sussex and Warren Counties, New Jersey (Philadelphia: Everts & Peck, 1881).
• W. H. Spera. "Kilpatrick's Richmond Raid" in H. P. Moyer's History of the Seventeenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry (Lebanon, Pennsylvania: Sowers Printing Company, 1911).
• Tagg, Larry: The Generals of Gettysburg, Savas Publishing, 1998, ISBN 1_882810_30_9 (http://www.rocemabra.com/~roger/tagg/generals/).

External links

• Gettysburg Discussion Group research article (http://www.gdg.org/Research/OOB/Union/July1_3/jkilpatr.html)