Junkers Ju 86

Type	bomber, airliner, reconnaissance aircraft
Manufacturer	Junkers
Maiden flight	1934
Introduced	1936
Status	retired
Primary users	Germany, Luftwaffe Military users - Bolivia, Chile, Hungary, Manchukuo, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden.

The Junkers Ju 86 was a German monoplane bomber and civilian airliner designed in the early 1930s by Junkers. The civilian model Ju 86B could carry ten passengers; two were delivered to Swissair and five to Lufthansa. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft. ... For the Prussian/German landowning classes, see junker. The name Junkers (IPA: /ˈjunkeɺs/) is well known in connection with aircraft, which were produced under this name for the Luftwaffe during World War II. In particular the Ju 87 Stuka and Ju 52 Tante Ju were common symbols of the... The Maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1934: Events January Soviet pilots Fedossenko, Wassenko and Usyskin take the stratosphere-balloon Ossoaviachim I to 22,000 m (72,160 ft). ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1936: Events February February 13 - Imperial Airways commences airmail services to West Africa March March 23 - Impreial Airways begins scheduled flights between Hong Kong and Malaysia. ... The Deutsche Luftwaffe or (German: air force, literally Air Arm or Air Weapon, IPA: [luftvafə]) is the commonly used term for the German air force. ... Manchukuo (1932 to 1945) (Simplified Chinese: 满洲国; Traditional Chinese: 滿洲國; Pinyin: Mǎnzhōu Guó Kanji: 満州国) was a former country in Manchuria and eastern Inner Mongolia under the leadership of the Emperor Puyi, the last emperor of Qing Dynasty. ... A bomber is a military aircraft designed to attack ground targets, primarily by dropping bombs. ... An Airbus A340 airliner operated by Air Jamaica An airliner is a large fixed-wing aircraft whose primary function is the transportation of paying passengers. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... For the Prussian/German landowning classes, see junker. The name Junkers (IPA: /ˈjunkeɺs/) is well known in connection with aircraft, which were produced under this name for the Luftwaffe during World War II. In particular the Ju 87 Stuka and Ju 52 Tante Ju were common symbols of the... Swissair MD-11 Swissair, short for Swiss Air Transport Company Limited, was Switzerlands national airline for 71 years (1931–2002), established when the airlines Belair and Ad Astra Aero (To the Stars) merged. ... Lufthansa (Deutsche Lufthansa AG) is the largest German airline. ...

The bomber had defensive armament of 3x MG15 and could carry a 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) bomb load. The early model Ju 86-D1 (1936) had two 600 hp Jumo 205C-4 diesel engines, but the Ju 86E replaced those with the 800 hp BMW 132F. The Massive Ordnance Air Blast (MOAB) bomb, also known as Mother Of All Bombs, produced in the United States. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1936: Events February February 13 - Imperial Airways commences airmail services to West Africa March March 23 - Impreial Airways begins scheduled flights between Hong Kong and Malaysia. ... The Junkers Jumo 205 aircraft engine was the most famous of a series of diesel engines that were the first, and for more than half a century, the only successful diesel aircraft engines. ... A Diesel engine built by MAN AG in 1906 Rudolf Diesels 1893 patent on his engine design The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine; more specifically, it is a compression ignition engine, in which the fuel is ignited by being suddenly exposed to the high temperature... The BMW 132 was a nine-cylinder radial aircraft engine produced by BMW starting in 1933. ...

Some were sold to Sweden, South Africa, Chile, Portugal, Manchukuo (Japan) and Hungary. The Ju 86K was an export model, also built under license in Sweden with 905 hp Bristol Mercury XIX engines, and stayed in service with the Swedish Air Force until 1956. Bristol Mercury engine The Mercury was a 9 cylinder one_row radial aircraft engine that was developed by the Bristol Aeroplane Company in 1925, as their Bristol Jupiter was reaching the end of its lifespan. ... The Swedish Air Force, or Flygvapnet, is the air force branch of the Swedish Armed Forces, the military of Sweden. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1956: Events March March 10 - Lt Cdr Peter Twiss sets a new airspeed record in the Fairey Delta FD.2, also becoming the first person to exceed 1,000 mph. ...

The bomber was field tested in the Spanish Civil War, where it proved inferior to the Heinkel He 111. It was again used in the 1939 invasion of Poland, but retired soon after. Combatants Spanish Republic CNT UGT POUM Soviet Union International Brigades Spanish State Falangists Carlists Fascist Italy Nazi Germany Commanders Manuel Azaña Francisco Largo Caballero Juan Negrín Francisco Franco The Spanish Civil War, which lasted from July 17, 1936 to April 1, 1939, was a conflict in which the... He 111K The Heinkel He 111 was the primary Luftwaffe medium bomber during the early stages of World War II, and is perhaps the most famous symbol of the German side of the Battle of Britain. ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Junkers Ju 86

In January 1940 the Luftwaffe tested the prototype Ju 86P that had a longer wing span, pressurized cabin, Jumo 207A1 turbocharged diesel engines with, and a two-man crew. The Ju 86P could fly at heights of 12,000 m (39,000 ft), where it was safe from enemy fighters. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1940: Events March March 16 - Britain suffers its first civilian air-raid casualties of the war after a raid by KG 26 on Scapa Flow March 25 - the US government grants permission to the countrys aircraft manufacturers to sell advanced... The Deutsche Luftwaffe or (German: air force, literally Air Arm or Air Weapon, IPA: [luftvafÉ™]) is the commonly used term for the German air force. ... Cabin pressurization is the active pumping of air into the cabin of an aircraft to increase the air pressure within the cabin. ...

Satisfied with the newer version, the Luftwaffe ordered that some 40 older-model bombers be converted to Ju 86P-1 high altitude bombers and Ju 86P-2 photo reconnaissance aircraft. Those operated successfully for some years over Britain, the Soviet Union and North Africa. In August 1942 a modified Spitfire V shot one down over Egypt; when two more were lost, Ju 86Ps were withdrawn from service in 1943. Reconnaissance is the military term for the active gathering information about an enemy, or other conditions, by physical observation. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1942: Events January January 30 - Canadian Pacific Air Lines formed by the acquisition and merger of Arrow Airways and Canadian Airways, along with all the various subsidiaries of the latter. ... The Supermarine Spitfire was a single-seat fighter used by the RAF and many Allied countries in World War II. Produced by Supermarine, the Spitfire was designed by R.J. Mitchell, who continued to refine it until his death in 1937. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1943: Events January January 27 - the USAAF makes its first daylight raid on Germany January 30 - Royal Air Force de Havilland Mosquitos make the first daylight air-raid on Berlin January 30-31 – the H2S radar is used by RAF bombers...

The Luftwaffe developed the Ju 86R with even larger wings and newer engines that could have flown higher yet — up to 16,000 m (52,500 ft) — but production was limited to prototypes.

Specifications (Ju 86R)

Data from Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II^[1] and Warbirds Resource Group^[2]

General characteristics

• Crew: 2 (pilot and radio operator)
• Length: 16.46 m (54 ft)
• Wingspan: 32 m (105 ft)
• Height: 4.7 m (15 ft 5 in)
• Wing area: 82 m² (883 ft²)
• Empty weight: 6,700 kg (14,800 lb)
• Max takeoff weight: 11,530 kg (25,420 lb)
• Powerplant: 2× Junkers Jumo 207B-3/V diesel engines, 746 kW (1,000 hp) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 420 km/h (260 mph) above 9,150 m (30,000 ft)
• Range: 1,580 km (980 mi)
• Service ceiling: 13,000 m (42,650 ft)
• Rate of climb: 4.67 m/min (900 ft/min)
• Wing loading: kg/m² (lb/ft²)
• Power/mass: W/kg (hp/lb)

For an explanation of the units and abbreviations in this list, please see Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/Units key. The distance AB is the wing span of this Aer Lingus Airbus A320. ... In aviation, the Maximum Take-Off Weight (or MTOW) is the maximum weight with which an aircraft can achieve flight. ... A Diesel engine built by MAN AG in 1906 Rudolf Diesels 1893 patent on his engine design The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine; more specifically, it is a compression ignition engine, in which the fuel is ignited by being suddenly exposed to the high temperature... VNO of an aircraft is the V speed which refers to the velocity of normal operation. ... The maximal total range is the distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing as limited by its fuel capacity. ... In aeronautics, the service ceiling is the maximum density altitude where the best rate of climb airspeed will produce a 100 feet per minute climb(twin engine) and 50 feet(single engine) at maximum weight while in a clean configuration with maximum continuous power. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... In aerodynamics, wing loading is the loaded weight of the aircraft divided by the area of the wing. ... Power-to-weight ratio is a measure commonly used when comparing various vehicles (or engines), including automobiles, motorcycles and aircraft. ...

References

1. ^ ‘The Junkers Ju 86P and Ju 86R’ in Bridgman, Leonard (ed.), Jane’s Fighting Aircraft of World War II (p. 171). (1946). London: Studio. ISBN 1-85170-493-0.
2. ^ Junkers Ju 86. Warbirds Resource Group. Retrieved on 2005-08-11.

1. Aeroplane Monthly June 2005, pg 68

2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 11 is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

External links

• Photo gallery of Junkers Ju 86K-4

Related content

Related development

• Junkers Ju 136

Comparable aircraft

• Heinkel He 111
• Dornier Do 17

Designation sequence

• Ju 49 - Ju 52 - Ef 61 - Ju 86 - Ju 87 - Ju 90 - Ju 136

Related lists

• List of military aircraft of Germany

See also

• Photo reconnaissance

He 111K The Heinkel He 111 was the primary Luftwaffe medium bomber during the early stages of World War II, and is perhaps the most famous symbol of the German side of the Battle of Britain. ... The Dornier Do 17, sometimes referred to as the Bleistift (pencil), was a World War II light bomber produced by Dornier that was used at the beginning of the war by the Luftwaffe. ... The Junkers Ju 52 nicknamed Tante Ju (Auntie Ju) and Iron Annie was a civilian airliner and military transport aircraft and bomber manufactured between 1932 and 1945 by Junkers. ... The Junkers EF 61 airplane was based on the Junkers Ju 49, and was one of the few German high-altitude bomber and reconnaissance projects before the World War II. The project started in September 1935 and the maiden flight took place on March 4th 1937, but in September the... Junkers Ju 87 Dive-Bombers The Junkers Ju 87 or Stuka was the best known Sturzkampfflugzeug (German dive bomber) in World War II, instantly recognisable by its inverted gull wings, fixed undercarriage and siren. ... The Junkers Ju 90 was an airliner developed for Lufthansa shortly before World War II. It was based on the Junkers Ju 89 bomber, which did not progress beyond prototype stage. ... This list of military aircraft of Germany includes prototype, pre-production, and operational types. ... Reconnaissance is the military term for the active gathering information about an enemy, or other conditions, by physical observation. ...