The Justice Department is a militant animal-rights organization, set up in Britain in 1993, and active there and in the United States. It has claimed responsibility for hundreds of attacks in the UK, which The Independent has called "the most sustained and sophisticated bombing campaign in mainland Britain since the IRA was at its height."

The organization uses the same leaderless-resistance model as the Animal Liberation Front (ALF) and Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty, with small groups of individuals, or just one individual, acting as autonomous covert cells. Activists have sent out letter bombs, which have injured several people, and envelopes rigged with poisoned razor blades. Leaderless Resistance is a strategy in which small groups (covert cells) fight an established, entrenched powerful adversary through independent acts, typically violent. ... Beagles removed by British ALF activists from a testing laboratory owned by Boots the Chemists. ... A monkey inside Huntingdon Life Sciences in the United States [1] Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty (SHAC) is an international animal-rights campaign against Huntingdon Life Sciences (HLS), Europes largest contract animal-testing laboratory, which is based in Huntingdon and Occold, England, and New Jersey in the United States. ... A covert cell structure is a method for organizing undercover or unconventional fighters against a large and well-established organization. ... The skull and crossbones symbol traditionally used to label a poisonous substance. ...

In January 1996, the Justice Department claimed responsibility for sending envelopes with blades soaked in rat poison to 80 researchers, hunting guides, and others in the United States, and British Columbia and Alberta, Canada. A note inside the letters read: "Dear animal killing scum! Hope we sliced your finger wide open and that you now die from the rat poison we smeared on the razor blade." [1] David Barbarash, a Vancouver-based activist, who became North American spokesman for the Animal Liberation Front, was charged in connection with the attacks, but the case against him was dropped. Rat poisons are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rats. ... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Splendour without diminishment) Other Canadian provinces and territories Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Lieutenant Governor Iona Campagnolo Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Area 944,735 km² (5th)  - Land 925,186 km²  - Water 19,549 km² (2. ... Motto: Fortis et Liber (Strong and free) Other Canadian provinces and territories Capital Edmonton Largest city Calgary Lieutenant Governor Norman Kwong Premier Ralph Klein (PC) Area 661,848 km² (6th)  - Land 642,317 km²  - Water 19,531 km² (2. ... David Barbarash is the North American press officer for the Animal Liberation Front. ... Members of Parliament Libby Davies, Ujjal Dosanjh, David Emerson, Hedy Fry, Stephen Owen Members of the Legislative Assembly Gordon Campbell, David Chudnovsky, Adrian Dix, Colin Hansen, Jenny Kwan, Lorne Mayencourt, Wally Oppal, Gregor Robertson, Shane Simpson, Carole Taylor Mayor Larry Campbell Governing Body Vancouver City Council Latitude: Longitude: 49°16... World map showing location of North America A satellite composite image of North America North America is a continent in the northern hemisphere, bounded on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the east by the North Atlantic Ocean, on the south by the Caribbean Sea, and on the west... Beagles removed by British ALF activists from a testing laboratory owned by Boots the Chemists. ...

The Justice Department manifesto, posted on the ALF website, says: "The Animal Liberation Front achieved what other methods have not while adhering to nonviolence. A separate idea was established that decided animal abusers had been warned long enough. ... [T]he time has come for abusers to have but a taste of the fear and anguish their victims suffer on a daily basis." A manifesto is a public declaration of principles and intentions, often political in nature. ... Nonviolence (or non-violence) is a set of assumptions about morality, power and conflict that leads its proponents to reject the use of violence in efforts to attain social or political goals. ...

References

• "From push to shove" Southern Poverty Law Group Intelligence Report, Fall 2002, p.3

Further reading

• Animal Liberation Front website
• Arkangel magazine, a magazine dedicated to animal liberation
• FBI testimony on the ALF, James F. Jarboe before the House Resources Committee, Subcommittee on Forests and Forest Health, February 12, 2002.