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Encyclopedia > KG 200
A captured B-17 bomber of KG 200
A captured B-17 bomber of KG 200

KG 200 (Kampfgeschwader 200 or Bomber Wing 200) was a secret Luftwaffe bomber unit during World War II. The unit was the Luftwaffe's special operations wing that carried out long-distance reconnaissance flights, tested new aircraft designs and tested and flew special missions with captured aircraft. A captured B17 in Luftwaffe colors This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... A captured B17 in Luftwaffe colors This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... A B_17 nicknamed Sally B in England in 2001 The B_17 Flying Fortress was the first mass_produced, four_engine heavy bomber. ... Wing is a term used by different air forces for a unit of command. ... The   Luftwaffe? (German: air force, IPA: [luftvafÉ™]) is the commonly used term for the German air force. ... World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrinations, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons like the atom bomb. ...

Contents


History

The unit's history began in 1934, when the Luftwaffe, impressed with Colonel Theodor Rowehl's aerial reconnaissance missions over Poland, formed a special squadron under Rowehl's lead that was attached to the Abwehr, Germany's military intelligence department. As the Abwehr started to lose the Führer's good will during the war, a new reconnaissance unit, the 2nd Test Formation, was formed in 1942 under the command of Werner Baumbach. This unit was united with 1st Test Formation in March 1944 to form KG 200. From then on, all aerial special-ops missions were carried out by KG 200 under Baumbach's command. 1934 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Abwehr was the common name for the German military foreign information and counterintelligence department, during both World War I and World War II. Abwehr is a German word, which is commonly translated to the English defence. The head of the Abwehr during World War II was Admiral Wilhelm Canaris. ... This article is about the year. ... Werner Baumbach (1916-1953) was a bomber pilot in the German Luftwaffe during World War 2 and commander of the secret bomber wing KG 200. ... 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...


Organisation

KG 200 consisted of 2 operational squadrons; several other squadrons were planned but did not become operational before the end of the war. The squadrons operated in complete secrecy from several bases spread out over all of Europe; individual squadron members and their airbases' ground crews knew little if anything at all about the extent of KG 200's organisation.

  • 1st squadron was responsible for delivering secret agents and spies to their destinations behind enemy lines. It operated under direct command of the Sicherheitsdienst.
  • 2nd squadron was in charge of all other missions, including long-range reconnaissance, delivery flights to Japan and special bombing missions.
  • 4th squadron was used for pilot training; it was also intended to carry out suicide missions.
  • 5th squadron was planned as a long-range unit using Junkers Ju 90 and Ju290 planes. Had it become operational, this squadron would have been responsible for reconnaisance flights and delivery of agents to the United States.

SD Insignia Patch The Sicherheitsdienst (SD, Security Service) was the intelligence service of the SS. The organization was the first Nazi Party intelligence organization to be established and was considered a sister organization with the Gestapo. ... Focke-Wulf Fw 190A in flight. ... A modern torpedo, historically called a self propelled torpedo, is a self-propelled guided projectile that (after being launched above or below the water surface) operates underwater and is designed to detonate on contact or in proximity to a target. ... The Junkers Ju 90 was an airliner developed for Lufthansa shortly before World War II. It was based on the Junkers Ju 89 bomber, which did not progress beyond prototype stage. ... The Junkers Ju 290 was a long-range transport, maritime patrol aircraft and bomber used by the Luftwaffe late in World War II. It was developed from earlier Junkers designs dating from before the war. ...

Missions

The unit carried out a wide variety of missions:


Long-range reconnaissance

Before the beginning of the war, aerial reconnaisance was usually carried out by relatively unconspicious civilian Lufthansa planes equipped with cameras. This practice was continued throughout the war as long as civilian airlines remained operational; later on, recon missions were most often carried out by Junkers Ju 90s flying at very high altitudes or by flying boats. Due to the lack of German aircraft with sufficient range, some recon missions even used captured American B-17 and B-24 bombers. Lufthansa (Deutsche Lufthansa AG) (IATA: LH, ICAO: DLH, and Callsign: Lufthansa) is the largest German airline company, headquartered in Cologne. ... The Junkers Ju 90 was an airliner developed for Lufthansa shortly before World War II. It was based on the Junkers Ju 89 bomber, which did not progress beyond prototype stage. ... Boeing 314 A flying boat is an aircraft that is designed to take off and land on water, in particular a type of seaplane which uses its fuselage as a floating hull (instead of pontoons mounted below the fuselage). ... A B_17 nicknamed Sally B in England in 2001 The B_17 Flying Fortress was the first mass_produced, four_engine heavy bomber. ... Royal Canadian Air Force B-24 Liberator The Consolidated B-24 Liberator was produced in greater numbers than any other American combat aircraft, and was used by most of the Allied air forces in World War II. Designed as a heavy bomber, it served with distinction not only in that...


The Mistel program

Beginning in 1942, to compensate for its lack of heavy bombers, the Luftwaffe started to experiment with packing some of its war-weary Junkers Ju 88 bombers with explosives and guiding them to their targets with a fighter airplane mounted on the back of the unmanned bomber. Although not as effective as the Luftwaffe planners had hoped, the Mistel program was continued until the end of the war. From March 1944, all Mistel missions were carried out by pilots of KG 200. Mistel (Ger. ... This article is about the year. ... The Junkers Ju 88 was a WW2 Luftwaffe twin-engine multi-role aircraft. ... 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...


Suicide missions

In the last months of the war, a small number of high-ranking German officers pressed for a suicide fighter program as a last-ditch effort to stop Allied bombing runs over the Reich. This program, known as Selbstopfer ("self sacrifice"), was intended to use piloted V1 rockets to attack enemy bombers and ground targets. Several test flights were carried out by KG 200, and mass production of the converted rockets had begun, but the program was stopped due to intervention from Baumbach who felt that these missions would be a waste of valuable pilots. Selbstopfer (selbst+opfer, German for self-sacrifice) was a late-World War II German project to develop a smart weapon for attacking high-value targets such as bridges and command centers. ... The Vergeltungswaffe 1 Fi 103 / FZG-76 (V-1), known as the Flying bomb, Buzz bomb or Doodlebug, was the first modern guided missile used in wartime and the first cruise missile. ...


Special missions

The unit also carried out a variety of special missions, like parachuting spies behind enemy lines, operating radar-jamming aircraft, carrying out long-range transport flights to Japan, clandestine bombing missions and infiltrating American bomber formations with captured aircraft in an attempt to spread confusion.


External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Luftwaffe Bomber Wing KG 200 (1888 words)
KG 200 was made of several large squadrons.
The captured allied bombers used by KG 200 were not given German markings and remained with their original allied colors and markings for complete day or night deception of allied pilots and anti-aircraft gunners which saw them.
The suicide squadron of KG 200 was never used in combat because Werner Baumbach and his superiors considered it an unnecessary waste of life and resources, and preferred the Mistel.
TheHistoryNet | World War II | Luftwaffe's Secret KG 200 in World War II (1150 words)
KG 200 was officially formed by order of the air force high command on February 20, 1944.
KG 200 was divided into several sections, each of which had subsidiaries across the German empire.
The KG 200 pilots usually dropped agents by parachute, but on some flights they would drop a personnel drop device--a metal and plywood container holding three agents and their equipment that would parachute to earth.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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