The Kabardianhorse breed is a breed from Caucasus, currently part of Russia. Historically the breed has been known for at least 400 years, but its origins are considered to be as old as Hittite civilisation. These horses are noted for their endurance and ease to adapt in difficult environments. They are low demanding horses with an average size of 155 cm, muscular, with hard hoof and stable character.
The number of Kabardian horses was estimated to be around 200,000 in the middle of the 19th century but has been reduced dramatically by the Russian revolution and then perestroika.
Currently the breed is being reconstructed by private breeders in Russia and Europe. Nowadays Kabardians are getting popularity in endurance riding, touristic and recreational riding.
The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe), both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Kabardino-Balkar Republic and Karachay-Cherkess Republic of Russia (the native territories) and in Turkey and the Middle East (the residence of the extensive post-war diaspora).
Some linguists argue that Kabardian is only a dialect of an overarching Adyghe or Circassian language that consists of all of the dialects of Adyghe and Kabardian together, and the Kabardians themselves most often refer to their language using the Kabardian term Adighabze ("Adyghe language").
Kabardian is written in a form of the Cyrillic alphabet, and like all Northwest Caucasian languages, has an extremely complex verbal system.
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