Kalamazoo, Michigan
Seal
Nickname: The Mall City, K-zoo, The zoo, 2-6-9
Location of Kalamazoo within Kalamazoo County, Michigan
Coordinates: 42°17′24″N 85°35′24″W / 42.29, -85.59
Country	United States
State	Michigan
County	Kalamazoo
Settled	1829
Incorporation	1883
Government
- Type	Commission-Manager
- Mayor	Bobby J. Hopewell
- City Manager	Kenneth P. Collard
Area
- City	25.2 sq mi (65.2 km²)
- Land	24.7 sq mi (63.9 km²)
- Water	0.5 sq mi (1.3 km²)
Elevation	784 ft (239 m)
Population (2000)
- City	77,145
- Density	3,125.8/sq mi (1,206.9/km²)
- Urban	187,961
- Metro	319,348
Time zone	Eastern (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	Eastern (UTC-4)
Area code(s)	269
FIPS code	26-42160[1]
GNIS feature ID	0629439[2]
Website: www.ci.kalamazoo.mi.us

Kalamazoo is the largest city in the southwest region of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Kalamazoo County. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 77,145. It is the major city of the Kalamazoo-Portage, MI MSA, which had an estimated population of 323,264 as of 2007. Kalamazoo could refer to: Kalamazoo, Michigan Kalamazoo, West Virginia Kalamazoo?, a film released in 2006 Category: ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1159x500, 165 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File links Seal_of_the_Corporation_of_Kalamazoo. ... // A nickname is a name of an entity or thing that is not its proper name. ... Image File history File links Kalamazoo_County_Michigan_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Kalamazoo_Highlighted. ... Kalamazoo County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... This list of countries, arranged alphabetically, gives an overview of countries of the world. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      The political units and divisions of the United States include: The 50 states... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Map of Michigans counties The boundaries of counties in the U.S. state of Michigan have not changed since 1897. ... Kalamazoo County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... The council-manager government is one of 2 main variations of representative municipal government (for contrast, also see Mayor-Council government). ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... The council-manager government is one of 2 main variations of representative municipal government (for contrast, also see Mayor-Council government). ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Cities with at least a million inhabitants in 2006 An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... The Eastern Standard Time Zone is a geographic region that keeps time by subtracting five hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). ... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... The Eastern Standard Time Zone is a geographic region that keeps time by subtracting five hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). ... −12 | −11 | −10 | −9:30 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3:30 | −3 | −2:30 | −2 | −1 | −0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating telephone number ranges to countries, regions, areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks such as mobile phone networks. ... Area code 269 is the telephone area code serving the southwest portion of Michigans Lower Peninsula. ... Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the U.S. Federal government for use by all (non-military) government agencies and by government contractors. ... GNIS (The Geographic Names Information System) contains name and locative information about almost two million physical and cultural features located throughout the United States of America and its Territories. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... This article is about the U.S. State. ... A county seat is a term for an administrative center for a county, primarily used in the United States. ... Kalamazoo County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... The United States Census of year 2000, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... Nickname: Location of Kalamazoo within Kalamazoo County, Michigan Coordinates: Counties Kalamazoo County Incorporation 1883 Government  - Type Council-Manager  - Mayor Hannah McKinney Area  - City  25. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ...

Kalamazoo is home to Western Michigan University, a nationally recognized research institution that has benefited from the local presence of Pfizer, Eaton Corporation and Stryker Corporation. This has enabled the school to offer strong programs in both its College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Haworth College of Business. Western Michigan University (abbr. ... Pfizer Incorporated (NYSE: PFE) is a major pharmaceutical company, which ranks number one in the world in sales[2]. The company is based in New York City. ... This article is about an industrial manufacturer. ... Stryker Corporation (NYSE: SYK) develops, manufactures and markets specialty surgical and medical products for the global market. ... The Haworth College of Business is a school within Western Michigan University that operates out of Arnold Schneider Hall. ...

The city is also home to Kalamazoo College (often referred to as "K College"), a liberal arts school located adjacent to WMU's campus. Kalamazoo College (K College or K) is a private, highly selective liberal arts college located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. ...

Name origin

Main article: Etymology of Kalamazoo

The city is named for the Kalamazoo River, but there is debate as to where the name Kalamazoo actually comes from. It is generally thought the name originates in the language of either the Potawatomi or Odawa peoples who were native to the area at the time of European settlement. Kalamazoo is the name of several places in the U.S. state of Michigan: The Kalamazoo River The City of Kalamazoo Kalamazoo Township Kalamazoo County All are named after the river, but there is uncertainty concerning the origin of the rivers name. ... The Kalamazoo River is a river in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Rain dance, Kansas, c. ... The Ottawa (also Odawa, Odaawa, Outaouais, or Trader) are a Native American and First Nations people. ...

The common phrase "from Timbuktu to Kalamazoo" resulted from the strange name, and has served to enter it into pop culture. Today, t-shirts are sold in Kalamazoo with the phrase "Yes, there really is a Kalamazoo". This article is about the Malian city. ...

There are numerous songs that reference the city name in lyrics and title, including: "All Over The World" by Rascalz, "Down on the Corner" by Creedence Clearwater Revival,^[3] "I've Been Everywhere" by Johnny Cash;^[4] "I've Got a Gal in Kalamazoo" by Glenn Miller;^[5] "Kalamazoo" by Ben Folds Five;^[6] "Kalamazoo" by Primus;^[7] "Kalamazoo" by Dr. Freeman and the Defenders of the Universe; "Kalamazoo" by Luna;^[8] and Kalamazoo by Mike Craver on his album "Shining Down".^[9] The word also features in the opera Einstein on the Beach by Philip Glass. An indie film, Kalamazoo?, features the city as a backdrop. Creedence Clearwater Revival (CCR) was an American roots rock band who gained popularity in the late 1960s and early 70s with a string of successful songs from multiple albums released in 1968, 1969 and 1970. ... Megalong Valley The song Ive Been Everywhere was written by Geoff Mack in 1959 and made popular by the singer Lucky Starr in 1962. ... For the song of the same name, recorded by Tracy Byrd and later by Jason Aldean, see Johnny Cash (song). ... This article is about the jazz musician. ... Benjamin Scott Folds (born September 12, 1966, in Winston-Salem, North Carolina[1] is an American singer-songwriter and the former frontman of the musical group Ben Folds Five. ... Primus is an American rock band currently composed of singer and bassist Les Claypool, guitarist Larry Ler LaLonde, and drummer Tim Herb Alexander. ... Luna was a Dream Pop/Indie Pop band formed in 1991 by Dean Wareham after the breakup of Galaxie 500, with Stanley Demeski and Justin Harwood (Demeski formerly of The Feelies and Harwood formerly of New Zealand band The Chills). ... Einstein on the Beach is an opera scored and written by Philip Glass and designed and directed by Robert Wilson. ... Philip Glass (born January 31, 1937) is a three-times Academy Award-nominated American composer. ... An independent film (or indie film) is a film produced without the support of a major movie studio or a big budget. ... Kalamazoo? is a 2006 film, directed by David OMalley and starring Josie Davis, Mayim Bialik, and Joanna Clare Scott, who also wrote the screenplay. ...

History

The area on which the modern city stands was once home to Native Americans of the Hopewell culture, who migrated into the area sometime before the first millennium. Evidence of their early residency still remains in the form of a small mound downtown in Bronson Park. The Hopewell civilization began to decline at some point after the eighth century and was replaced by other groups.^[10] The Pottawatomi culture was resident in the area at the time the first European explorers arrived. The Seventh Census of the United States, conducted by the Bureau of the Census, determined the resident population of the United States to be 23,191,876 — an increase of 35. ... The United States Census of 1860 was the eighth Census conducted in the United States. ... The Ninth United States Census was taken in 1870. ... 1880 US Census The United States Census of 1880 was the tenth United States Census. ... The Eleventh United States Census was taken June 1, 1890. ... 1900 US Census The Twelfth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 76,212,168, an increase of 21. ... The Thirteenth United States Census was taken in 1910. ... The Fourteenth United States Census was taken in 1920. ... The Fifteenth United States Census was taken in 1930. ... The Sixteenth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 132,164,569, an increase of 7. ... The Seventeenth United States Census was taken in 1950. ... The Eighteenth United States Census was taken in 1960. ... The Nineteenth United States Census was taken in 1970. ... The Twentieth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 226,545,805, an increase of 11. ... The Twenty-first United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 248,709,873, an increase of 9. ... 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States and their history after European contact, chiefly in what is now the United States. ... Hopewell mounds from the Mound City Group in Ohio Hopewell culture is the term used to describe common aspects of the Native American culture that flourished along rivers in the northeastern and midwestern United States from 200 BC to 400 A.D. At its greatest extent, Hopewell culture stretched from... In the Gregorian calendar, the 1st millennium is the period of one thousand years that commenced with the year 1 Anno Domini. ... Look up mound in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... (7th century — 8th century — 9th century — other centuries) Events The Iberian peninsula is taken by Arab and Berber Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost 8 centuries of Muslim presence there. ... The Potawatomi (also spelled Pottawatomie or Pottawatomi) are an Aboriginal American people of the upper Mississippi River region. ...

René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle is recorded as having passed through the area, just southeast of the present city, in late March, 1680. The first Europeans to reside in the area were itinerant fur traders in the late 18th and early 19th century. There are records of several traders wintering in the area, and by the 1820s at least one trading post had been established.^[11][12] Engraving of Cavelier de La Salle A later engraving of Robert de LaSalle Memorial Plaque to de La Salle in Rouen René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, or Robert de LaSalle (November 22, 1643 – March 19, 1687) was a French explorer. ... An Alberta fur trader in the 1890s. ...

During the War of 1812, the British established a smithy and a prison camp in the area.^[13] This article is about the U.S.–U.K. war. ...

The 1821 Treaty of Chicago ceded all the territory south of the Grand River to the United States federal government. However, the area around present-day Kalamazoo was reserved as the village of Chief Match-E-Be-Nash-She-Wish. Six years later, as a result of the 1827 Treaty of St. Joseph, the tract that became the city was also ceded. The Treaty of Chicago may refer to either of two treaties between the United States and the the Ottawa, Ojibwe (Chippewa), and Potawatomi Native American peoples. ... Pedestrian bridge over the Grand River in downtown Lansing The Grand River is the longest river in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Match-E-Be-Nash-She-Wish (also spelled with various transliterations as Mashipinashiwish, Me-chee-pee-nai-she-insh, Mash-i-pi-wish , Mitch-e-pe-nain-she-wish, or Mat-che-pee-na-che-wish) is the name of a chief of a Potawatomi Indian group. ... Note: There are multiple treaties referred to as Treaty with the Potawatomi. ...

In 1829, Titus Bronson, originally from Connecticut, was the first white settler to build a cabin within the present city limits.^[14] He platted the town in 1831 and named it the village of Bronson (not to be confused with the much-smaller Bronson, Michigan about fifty miles (80 km) to the south-southeast). The introduction of this article does not provide enough context for readers unfamiliar with the subject. ... Official language(s) none (de facto English) Demonym Connecticuter or Connecticutian[2] Capital Hartford Largest city Bridgeport[3] Largest metro area Hartford Metro Area[4] Area  Ranked 48th in the US  - Total 5,543[5] sq mi (14,356 km²)  - Width 70 miles (113 km)  - Length 110 miles (177 km... A contemporary plat map showing the location of a property for sale. ... Bronson is a city located in west central Branch County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... “Miles” redirects here. ... “km” redirects here. ...

Bronson was frequently described as "eccentric" and argumentative and was later run out of town. The village of Bronson was renamed Kalamazoo in 1836 (due in part to an incident resulting in Bronson's being fined for stealing a cherry tree).^[15] Today, a hospital and a park, among other things, are named after Titus Bronson.

Kalamazoo legally incorporated as a village in 1838 and as a city in 1883.

On August 27, 1856, Abraham Lincoln spoke at a rally in Kalamazoo's Bronson Park, promoting the presidential candidacy of John C. Fremont, who was running on the ticket of the newly formed Republican Party. The occasion marks Lincoln's only visit or public address within the State. is the 239th day of the year (240th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation). ... John C. Frémont John Charles Frémont (January 21, 1813-July 13, 1890), birth name John Charles Fremon [Harvey, p. ... GOP redirects here. ...

The Kalamazoo Mall, the first outdoor pedestrian shopping mall in the United States, began with the closing of Burdick Street to auto traffic in 1959. The four block long mall, stretching from Lovell Street on the South to Eleanor Street on the north, has been restyled to match the attributes of the Arcadia Commons development, where the new Kalamazoo Public Museum anchors the north end of the mall. In 1999, however, two blocks of the mall were modified to accommodate auto traffic after a period of political debates on the issue.^[16] The creation of the mall gave Kalamazoo the name of "Mall City."

In the Fall of 1971, the Kalamazoo Public Schools system was ordered by a Federal Judge to be integrated after he found the school system to be unlawfully segregated. The judge's determination was the culmination of nearly a decade of racially charged incidents and protests, included several city-wide school closures. A program of two-way bussing was implemented in September 1971, in which the city's black students were transported from downtown Kalamazoo in the north and east sections of the city to predominantly white neighborhoods on the west side, and vice versa. The program was closely watched by education experts as the city's population more closely mirrored the demographic make up of the United States as a whole than any other jurisdiction. The bussing program continued through the late 1990s. Kalamazoo Public Schools are located in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ...

Beginning in 1971, numerous white families moved from the Kalamazoo Public Schools to adjacent districts, particularly Portage Public Schools to the south and Mattawan Consolidated School to the west. Despite a nearly 10 percent population reduction over the next two decades, the integration plan was more successful than in other large Michigan districts where "white flight" was more severe. Portage Public School is a school district located in Portage, Michigan which serves 8,766 students in 14 different schools, including 8 elementary, 3 middle, 2 high, and a community high school. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ...

Downtown Kalamazoo was struck by an F3 tornado on May 13, 1980, killing 5 and injuring 79.^[17] The Kalamazoo Tornado of 1980 struck downtown Kalamazoo, Michigan, on May 13, 1980. ... is the 133rd day of the year (134th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ...

Geography

The Arcadia Creek winds through the western part of Kalamazoo and through the downtown area.

The city is situated mainly on the southwest bank of a major bend in the Kalamazoo River, with a small portion, approximately 7.3 km² (2.8 sq mi), on the opposite bank. Several small tributaries of the river, including Arcadia Creek and Portage Creek, wind through the city. The northeastern portion of the city sits in the broad, flat Kalamazoo Valley, whilst in the western portions the terrain becomes a series of low hills spreading out to the west and south. Several small lakes are found throughout the area. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (853x1280, 990 KB) Arcadia Creek in the city of Kalamazoo, Michigan, at the intersection of West Main and the main Amtrak east-west route. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (853x1280, 990 KB) Arcadia Creek in the city of Kalamazoo, Michigan, at the intersection of West Main and the main Amtrak east-west route. ... The Kalamazoo River is a river in the U.S. state of Michigan. ...

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 25.2 square miles (65.2 km²), of which, 24.7 square miles (63.9 km²) of it is land and 1.3 km² (0.5 sq mi) of it (1.99%) is water. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ...

The city's suburban population is located primarily to the south, in the city of Portage, and to the west in Oshtemo Township. Portage is a city in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ...

Kalamazoo is located approximately halfway between Detroit and Chicago.

At least part of the municipal water supply for Kalamazoo is provided by the watershed contained within the Al Sabo Preserve^[18] in Texas Charter Township, Michigan, immediately southwest of Kalamazoo. Al Sabo Preserve is an area of northeastern Texas Township, in southwestern Kalamazoo County, in the United States of America. ... Texas Charter Township, officially named the Charter Township of Texas, is a charter township of Kalamazoo County, Michigan. ...

Another watershed, Kleinstuck Marsh,^[19] is very popular with hikers and birdwatchers. Kleinstuck Marsh is located south of Maple Street, between Westnedge Avenue (Kalamazoo's major north-south artery) and Oakland Drive.

Kalamazoo is situated in West Michigan. Western Michigan, also known as West Michigan, is a region of the U.S. State of Michigan. ...

Demographics

As of the census^[1] of 2000, there were 77,145 people, 29,413 households, and 14,353 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,125.4 per square mile (1,206.9/km²). There were 31,798 housing units at an average density of 1,288.2/sq mi (497.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 70.77% White, 20.64% Black or African American, 0.58% Native American, 2.39% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 2.38% from other races, and 3.18% from two or more races. 4.28% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... Hispanic Americans (Spanish: Hispano Americano) are Americans of Hispanic ethnicity who largely identify with the Hispanic cultural heritage. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ...

There were 29,413 households out of which 24.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 30.6% were married couples living together, 14.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.2% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.99. Matrimony redirects here. ...

In the city the population was spread out with 20.3% under the age of 18, 27.6% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 15.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,189, and the median income for a family was $42,438. Males had a median income of $32,160 versus $25,532 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,897. About 13.6% of families and 24.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.0% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over. Per capita income means how much each individual receives, in monetary terms, of the yearly income generated in their country. ... Map of countries showing percentage of population who have an income below the national poverty line The poverty line is the level of income below which one cannot afford to purchase all the resources one requires to live. ...

Government

Kalamazoo government is administered under a Commission-Manager style of government. The City Commission is the representative body of the city, and consists of seven members, elected on a non-partisan basis every two years. Whomever receives the most number of votes during an election becomes the council president and ceremonial mayor of the city. The member that receives the second highest number of votes becomes vice mayor.^[20] The current mayor, Bobby J. Hopewell, was elected November 13, 2007, beating Hannah McKinney, who automatically became vice mayor.^[21] The council-manager government is one of two main variations of representative municipal government in the United States. ... City Commission government is a form of municipal government that was once common in the United States, but has fallen out of favor, most cities formerly governed by Commission having switched to the Council-Manager form. ... Partisan may refer to: A member of a lightly-equipped irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Mayor McKinney Hannah McKinney is the current mayor of the Kalamazoo, Michigan. ...

The City Manager is the city's chief administrative officer. The manager is hired by, and answers to, the City Commission. The council-manager government is one of 2 main variations of representative municipal government (for contrast, also see Mayor-Council government). ... City Commission government is a form of municipal government that was once common in the United States, but has fallen out of favor, most cities formerly governed by Commission having switched to the Council-Manager form. ...

Neighborhoods

Main article: Neighborhoods of Kalamazoo

The city of Kalamazoo is commonly divided into twenty-two neighborhoods, many of which are served by a neighborhood association. The Neighborhood Development Division of the city's government works with these associations to invest federal, state, and local funds, including those from the Community Development Block Grant program, in community improvements and economic growth. Image File history File links Kalamazoo_Neighborhoods_Numbered. ... Image File history File links Kalamazoo_Neighborhoods_Numbered. ... Neighborhoods of the City of Kalamazoo. ... A neighbourhood or neighborhood (see spelling differences) is a geographically localised community located within a larger city or suburb. ... The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), one of the longest-running programs of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, funds local community development activities such as affordable housing, anti-poverty programs, and infrastructure development. ...

There is a great diversity in the character of the neighborhoods. Closer to the city center are historical residential areas such as Stuart, full of Victorian and Queen Anne homes. Neighborhoods in the south west corner of the city are home to the wealthier inhabitants and contain modern developments with more open spaces. The Central Business District and the neighborhoods to the south along Westnedge Avenue (Westnedge Hill, Southside, Vine, and South Westnedge) contain much of the area's retail shopping, mixed with a residential populace. Just west of downtown are the campuses of Kalamazoo College and Western Michigan University, surrounded by several blocks of student housing. Neighborhoods north and east of the city center tend to be lower income. The city's Hispanic population is focused on the south and east side, in the Edison neighborhood. The Edison neighborhood is also becoming a center for the city's gay and lesbian community. Kalamazoo College (K College or K) is a private, highly selective liberal arts college located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. ... Western Michigan University (abbr. ...

Education

Waldo Library and the University Computing Center, joined by the Stewart Clocktower, on Western Michigan University's campus.

The campus of Kalamazoo College.

Kalamazoo is home to Western Michigan University. The college has four campuses in Kalamazoo, (West Campus, East Campus, Parkview Campus and Oakland Drive Campus) as well as several satellite campuses throughout Michigan. West Campus, located just west of downtown, has by far the largest concentration of university students, programs and school services. The school is one of the 50 largest universities in the nation, and one of the top 100 public universities in the country. In 2005, the university had over 26,000 students and employed over 1,200 faculty. Also in 2005, Western Michigan ranked #2 Wireless Campus in the U.S. in a national survey done by the Intel Corporation.^{[citation needed]} Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 577 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Waldo Library and the University Computing Center, joined by the Stewart Clocktower. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 577 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Waldo Library and the University Computing Center, joined by the Stewart Clocktower. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1920x1200, 705 KB) Summary Photograph taken by user AaronEndre, 2006. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1920x1200, 705 KB) Summary Photograph taken by user AaronEndre, 2006. ... Western Michigan University (abbr. ... Western Michigan University (abbr. ... East Hall at late dusk, overlooking the city of Kalamazoo. ... Western Michigan University (abbr. ... Oakland Drive Campus is a campus of Western Michigan University. ... Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC, SEHK: 4335), founded in 1968 as Integrated Electronics Corporation, is an American multinational corporation that is best known for designing and manufacturing microprocessors and specialized integrated circuits. ...

Western Michigan University is also the home of the International Congress on Medieval Studies, held each year in May, and organized by the Medieval Institute. The Congress brings some 3,000 professors and students from around the globe to present and discuss a variety of topics on the Middle Ages. Graduate students play an important role in its organization. The International Congress on Medieval Studies is an academic conference for Medieval scholars sponsored by Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...

Kalamazoo College, one of the first educational institutions in the state of Michigan and a pioneer in the field of coeducation, resides next door to WMU. The school was ranked #1 in Study Abroad programs by US News & World Report 2003 Edition America's Best Colleges, with 80% of students spending at least one term abroad. It was also the #1 school in 2005 for recruitment into the Peace Corps (per capita). Kalamazoo College (K College or K) is a private, highly selective liberal arts college located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. ... Coeducation is the integrated education of males and females at the same school facilities. ... U.S. News & World Report is a weekly newsmagazine. ... current logo The Peace Corps is an independent United States federal agency. ...

Kalamazoo is home to Kalamazoo Valley Community College and Davenport University. It had also been the home of Nazareth College, which closed in 1992. Kalamazoo Valley Community College is a two-year community college in southwest Michigan with locations in downtown Kalamazoo and southwest of town in Texas Township. ... Davenport University is a private, non-profit, multi-location university offering masters degrees, bachelors degrees, associates degrees, diplomas, and certification programs in business, technology, health professions, and graduate studies (MBA). ... Nazareth College is the name of more than one Roman Catholic college: Nazareth College, Louisville, Kentucky Nazareth College, Kalamazoo, Michigan Nazareth College Rochester, New York: a four-year co-educational college, located in the southeast part of the city, north of Pittsford, New York There is also a Nazareth College...

Because of very generous private donations from several anonymous individuals, every resident graduate of the Kalamazoo Public Schools is provided with a scholarship for up to 100% of tuition and mandatory fee costs for four years at any public university or community college in Michigan, starting with the class of 2006. This program is known as the Kalamazoo Promise. Books and room and board are not included.^[22] Kalamazoo Public Schools are located in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... The Kalamazoo Promise is a pledge by a private group of anonymous donors to povide scholarships for four years of post-secondary education for all K-12 graduates of the Kalamazoo, Michigan Public School District. ...

Economy

The Radisson Plaza Hotel & Suites hotel in Kalamazoo is a popular site for conventions, and is conveniently located for craft beer enthusiasts visiting the Bell's Eccentric Cafe.

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (972x1035, 175 KB) I took this photo in Kalamazoo. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (972x1035, 175 KB) I took this photo in Kalamazoo. ... Radisson SAS in Copenhagen, Denmark. ...

Breweries

Kalamazoo has three popular local breweries and brewpubs producing a variety of beer styles, from light bodied wheat ales to stouts and barley wines. Kettles in a modern Trappist brewery A brewery can be a building or place that produces beer, or a business (brewing company) whose trade is the production and sale of beer. ... A brewpub is a microbrewery, often combined with a restaurant, that sells the majority of its beer on premises. ... For other uses, see Beer (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Ale (disambiguation). ... Bottles of Imperial Stout Stout and porter are dark beers made using roasted malts or roast barley. ... Barley wine or Barleywine is a style of strong ale originating in England in the nineteenth century (derived from the March or October beers of the 18th century) but now brewed worldwide. ...

The most well known is Bell's, originally established as the Kalamazoo Brewing Company in 1985 by its founder, Larry Bell.^[23] The brewery has expanded from its original Kalamazoo location, which houses the Eccentric Cafe, to a modern, state-of–the-art brewery located in nearby Comstock. Bell's beer can now be found at retailers in many parts of the country. In Illinois, however, beers from this brewery are sold under another brand name because of a dispute between Larry Bell and his former distributor,^[24] when the distributor sold the distribution rights to another distributor without Bell's consent. The new beers for Illinois distribution are sold as "Kalamazoo" and the label notes that they are "Brewed especially for the people of the great state of Illinois." Bells Brewery, Inc. ...

Kraftbräu Brewery,^[25] was across the street and a few feet east from Bell's Eccentric Cafe. Another local entertainment venue in a brewery atmosphere, it is now unfortunately closed and looking for another location.

Olde Peninsula is another downtown brewpub featuring a small selection of craft beers to accompany its diverse menu.

Bilbo's Pizza, located near Western Michigan's campus, also features a microbrewery. Beer barrels outside the Castle Rock microbrewery in Nottingham, England. ...

Flavorings

The A.M. Todd Company, one of the lead producers of peppermint oil and other flavorings, is headquartered in Kalamazoo.^[26] At one point it supplied 90% of the world's peppermint oil. Many mint plantations once littered the County as part of its operations. Its founder, Albert M. Todd, was elected to the United States House of Representatives for the 55th Congress. Binomial name Mentha × piperita L. Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is a (usually) sterile hybrid mint, a cross between watermint (Mentha aquatica) and spearmint (Mentha spicata). ... Albert May Todd (June 3, 1850–October 6, 1931) was a businessman and politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Type Bicameral Speaker of the House of Representatives House Majority Leader Nancy Pelosi, (D) since January 4, 2007 Steny Hoyer, (D) since January 4, 2007 House Minority Leader John Boehner, (R) since January 4, 2007 Members 435 plus 4 Delegates and 1 Resident Commissioner Political groups Democratic Party Republican Party... // Dates of Sessions March 4, 1897, to March 3, 1899 Major Political Events Officers Senate House of Representatives Speaker of the House Thomas Brackett Reed Members of the Fifty-fifth United States Congress Senate Nelson Wilmarth Aldrich (R-RI) William Vincent Allen (Pop-NE) William Boyd Allison (R-IA) Augustus...

Kalamazoo is also home to Kalsec, another flavorings company, which was founded by Paul H. Todd, Jr., Albert Todd's grandson and U.S. Representative in the 89th Congress. Founded as the Kalamazoo Spice Extraction Company, Kalsec is owned and managed by Todd family descendants.^[27] Paul Harold Todd, Jr. ... // 1965-1966 The first session of this Congress took place in Washington, DC from January 4, 1965 to October 23, 1965. ...

Historical

In the past, Kalamazoo was known for its production of windmills, mandolins, buggies, automobiles, cigars, stoves, paper, and paper products. Agriculturally, it once was noted for celery and bedding plants. Although much has become suburbanized, the countryside still continues to produce significant quantities of farm crops. Pitstone Windmill, believed to be the oldest windmill in the British Isles A windmill is an engine powered by the energy of wind. ... Carved and round backed mandolins (front) A mandolin is a stringed musical instrument. ... Note: A cart may also be short for cartridge, particularly in the radio industry, where 8_track cartridges (and later CDs and zip drives) were used. ... Car redirects here. ... This page is about the tobacco product; for other meanings of Cigar, see Cigar (disambiguation). ... A stove is a heat-producing device. ... For other uses, see Paper (disambiguation). ... Binomial name L. Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ...

One notable business founded in Kalamazoo was the Gibson Guitar Corporation (which spawned the still-local Heritage Guitars). The Gibson Guitar Corporation, of Nashville, Tennessee, USA, is a manufacturer of acoustic and electric guitars. ... Heritage Guitars is a U.S. company that was founded by employees of the Gibson guitar factory. ...

The company was incorporated originally as "Gibson Mandolin - Guitar Co., Ltd" on October 11, 1902, by the craftsman Orville Gibson. Gibson originally produced some of the finest hand-crafted mandolins. This quality and attention to detail followed into the guitars the company began making later. The Gibson guitar is known for its quality and sought after world-wide by professional musicians and collectors alike. Operations were moved gradually from Kalamazoo to Nashville, Tennessee, (Electric Division) and Bozeman, Montana, (Acoustic Division) in the 1980s. Some workers from the original factory stayed in Kalamazoo to create the Heritage Guitar company.^[28] is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Orville H. Gibson (born in 1856-1918, Chateaugay, New York) was a luthier who founded the Gibson Guitar Corporation in Kalamazoo, Michigan in 1902, makers of guitars, mandolins and other instruments. ... Nashville redirects here. ... Bozeman is a city located in Gallatin County, Montana. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Heritage Guitars is a U.S. company that was founded by employees of the Gibson guitar factory. ...

Other notable businesses founded in the city include the Shakespeare Company, a fishing and tackle manufacturer. Early in the 20th Century, Kalamazoo was home to the pioneering brass era automobile company Barley. Car redirects here. ... Barley Motor Car Co. ...

Kalamazoo is also headquarters of the Checker Motors Company, the manufacturer of the Checker Cab, which now stamps sheet metal parts for other auto manufacturers. Checker Motors Corporation Logo used in the 1960s thgrough 1981 when marketing its consumer vehicles, the Marathon and the Superba Checker Motors Company was the manufacturer of the famed Checker automobile, the iconic taxi cab vehicle. ... Metal die-cast model of a Checker taxicab Originally, a Checker Cab was a taxi produced by the Checker Cab Manufacturing Company (later known as Checker Motors Corporation) of Kalamazoo, Michigan, and operating under the name Checker Cabs in New York and other American cities. ...

The eponymous Kalamazoo Stove Company used to have such slogans as "A Kalamazoo direct to you." The Kalamazoo Stove Company (1902-1952) of Kalamazoo, Michigan operated with the slogan A Kalamazoo ~ Direct to You. ...

Kalamazoo is the birthplace of the Moped Army. The Moped Army is a group of avid moped riders, originally formed in Kalamazoo[1], Michigan as the Decepticons in 1997 by three friends while attending Western Michigan University. ...

Life Sciences

Kalamazoo is home to the Pfizer Corporation, formerly Pharmacia, Pharmacia Upjohn and The Upjohn Company, all pharmaceutical manufacturers. Most of Upjohn's original facilities remain, many have been renovated and some new buildings have been constructed. The presence of these corporations has helped the diversification of the chemistry and biotechnology sector of the area's economy. The bulk of the facilities exist in Portage, Michigan, but many also exist in Downtown Kalamazoo. Pfizer Incorporated (NYSE: PFE) is a major pharmaceutical company, which ranks number one in the world in sales[2]. The company is based in New York City. ... Pharmacia was originally a government owned Swedish pharmaceutical company. ... The Upjohn Company was a pharmaceutical manufacturing firm founded in 1886 by Dr. William E. Upjohn in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... Portage is a city in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ...

Among others, Kalamazoo is home to Kalexsyn, PharmOptima, Ceetox, Metabolic Solutions Development, KAR Labs, Jasper Clinical Research and Development, Innovative Analytics and NephRx corporation. Other related businesses within the Kalamazoo metropolitan area include Eurofins AvTech Laboratories (Portage, Michigan), Bridge Organics (Vicksburg, Michigan), AureoGen Biosciences (Oshtemo Township, Michigan), and MPI Research (Mattawan, Michigan). These firms primarily focus on drug discovery and synthesis, clinical support, and finished pharmaceutical testing. KAR Labs also specializes in environmental testing, in addition to bioanalysis. Many of these companies were founded by alumni of Upjohn and its successors, especially after Pfizer eliminated thousands of jobs at its Kalamazoo and Portage facilities. The presence of these smaller biotechnology firms has helped mitigate the economic effects of Pfizer's downsizing. Several have received startup support from Southwest Michigan First's Innovation Center and grants from the State of Michigan through its Technology Tri-Corridor program. Kalexsyn, Inc. ... Portage is a city in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Vicksburg is a village in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Mattawan is a village in Van Buren County of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Insulin crystals Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. ...

Michigan State University has a branch of its medical school and several post-doctoral residency training programs in Kalamazoo. Resident training programs in Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, Combined Internal Medicine/Pediatrics, General Surgery, Family Medicine, Orthopedic surgery, Emergency Medicine, Psychiatry, and sports medicine are centered at The Kalamazoo Center for Medical Studies (KCMS) founded by Michigan State University. Michigan State University (MSU) is a co-educational public research university in East Lansing, Michigan USA. Founded in 1855, it was the pioneer land-grant institution and served as a model for future land-grant colleges in the United States under the 1862 Morrill Act. ... This article is about the branch of medicine. ... Doctors of internal medicine (internists) are medical specialists who focus on adult medicine and have had special study and training focusing on the prevention and treatment of adult diseases. ... Doctors of internal medicine (internists) are medical specialists who focus on adult medicine and have had special study and training focusing on the prevention and treatment of adult diseases. ... This article is about the branch of medicine. ... A surgeon operating General surgery, despite its name, is a surgical specialty that focuses on abdominal organs, e. ... A general practitioner (GP) or family physician (FP) is a physician who provides primary care. ... This fracture of the lower cervical vertebrae, known as a teardrop fracture is one of the conditions treated by orthopaedic surgeons. ... Emergency Medicine is a speciality of medicine that focuses on diagnosis and treatment of acute illnesses and injuries that require immediate medical attention. ... An MRI scan of a human brain and head. ...

The city is also home to the Stryker Corporation, a surgical and medical devices manufacturer. Stryker Corporation (NYSE: SYK) develops, manufactures and markets specialty surgical and medical products for the global market. ...

Kalamazoo has two hospitals, Bronson Methodist Hospital, and Borgess Medical Center. Bronson Methodist Hospital, located at 601 John Street in downtown Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA, is the flagship of the Bronson Healthcare Group, a not-for-profit healthcare system serving all of southwest Michigan and northern Indiana. ...

Research

The W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, a nonpartisan, not-for-profit research organization, has operated in Kalamazoo since its establishment in 1945. The Institute conducts research into the causes and effects of unemployment and measures for the alleviation of unemployment. The Institute also publishes Business Outlook for West Michigan ^[29], a quarterly journal that provides economic analysis and forecasts on the West Michigan economy. W.E. Upjohn (1852-1932) The W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, a non-partisan, not-for-profit research organization, was established on July 1, 1945. ...

Other

Other notable Kalamazoo businesses include:

• The Farmers' Market, located on Bank Street, is open on Tuesdays and Saturdays, May through November. A wide variety of fruits, vegetables, and flowers are sold from stalls by area growers.
• National City (Kalamazoo was formerly the corporate HQ of First of America Bank, which merged with National City Bank in 1997), National City still maintains a large corporate building in Oshtemo Township, and several downtown along with branches in the area.

For the free-jazz group, see Farmers Market (band). ... The National City Corporation (NYSE: NCC) is one of the ten largest banks in America in terms of deposits. ... The National City Corporation (NYSE: NCC) is one of the ten largest banks in America (among others, in terms of deposits). ...

Culture

Spad WWI Fighter in the Kalamazoo Air Zoo

Largely due to its college-town influence, Kalamazoo has always been notable as a center for the arts. Celebrating local artists, the city's Arts Council^[30] holds an Art Hop every first Friday of the month, circulating among many local businesses in the downtown area. Big-name stars and groups often perform at the State Theatre, Miller Auditorium at Western Michigan University, and Wings Stadium. Image File history File links Kalamazooairzoo. ... Image File history File links Kalamazooairzoo. ... Western Michigan University (abbr. ... Wings Stadium is a 5,113-seat multi-purpose arena in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ...

An annual event is "Eccentric Day" at Bell's Eccentric Cafe which celebrates the brewery's Eccentric Ale. The celebration is in December on the Friday marking the end of finals at Western Michigan University.^[31] Western Michigan University (abbr. ...

Despite the name and a Woody Woodpecker cartoon, there is no zoo in Kalamazoo, besides the mentioned aviation museum called the Kalamazoo Air Zoo. The city closed its only zoo in 1974 when the Milham Park Zoo, located within the large city-owned park of the same name, was closed. Woody Woodpecker, from the opening title sequence for the 1951 short Puny Express. ... For other uses, see Zoo (disambiguation). ... The Kalamazoo Aviation History Museum — generally referred to as the Air Zoo — is located just down the street from the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek International Airport and only minutes from downtown Kalamazoo in Portage, Michigan. ...

Adjacent to Milham Park is the Milham Park Golf Course,^[32] which is rated among the best municipal golf courses in the country. Completed in 1936, the 18-hole, par 72 course features a pro-shop and restaurant, and is located entirely within the city limits of Kalamazoo.

In 2002, the Kalamazoo Public Library was awarded "Library of the Year" by Library Journal. The city's library system comprises four branch libraries in addition to its central location, as well as the bookmobile system.[1] Kalamazoo Public Library, named National Library of the Year 2002, is an independent district library serving about 120,000 people. ... The bookmobile of the Ottawa Public Library A bookmobile or mobile library is a large vehicle designed for use as a library. ...

Museums

The city is home to a number of art galleries, with the largest and most prominent being the Kalamazoo Institute of Arts, which houses over 3,600 works with a focus on 20th-century American art. The KIA regularly houses temporary exhibitions, some of which have drawn tens of thousands of visitors from all over the world. The Kalamazoo Institute of Arts (KIA) is a non-profit visual arts museum and school located in downtown Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. ...

The Kalamazoo Aviation History Museum, generally called the Air Zoo, is just down the street from the airport. It is the first museum of its kind in the world with its "museum-meets-indoor-amusement-park" theme. It boasts many historical and rare aircraft, including the world's only remaining SR-71B Blackbird.^[33] Many of its antique planes are airworthy. The Kalamazoo Aviation History Museum — generally refered to as the Air Zoo — is located just down the street from the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek International Airport and only minutes from downtown Kalamazoo in Portage, Michigan. ... Kalamazoo-Battle Creek International Airport (IATA: AZO, ICAO: KAZO) is an airport in Kalamazoo, Michigan, near Battle Creek, Michigan. ... SR-71 redirects here. ...

Downtown is the Kalamazoo Valley Museum, a "hands-on" museum aimed largely at children which also has a planetarium and a nationally recognized Challenger Learning Center. It also features a mural painted by renowned artist James "Jungle" Powell. The Kalamazoo Valley Museum is a hands-on museum located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA. The museum is largely aimed at families, and focuses on science, technology, and history. ... For the song by Ai Otsuka, see Planetarium (song) // A planetarium is a theatre built primarily for presenting educational and entertaining shows about astronomy and the night sky, or for training in celestial navigation. ... Challenger Center is an international, not-for-profit education organization that was founded by the families of the astronauts from Challenger Space Shuttle mission 51-L. Through Challenger Centers programs and its international network of Challenger Learning Centers, the diversity, spirit, and commitment to education that exemplified the Challenger...

Northeast of town is the Gilmore Car Museum, which includes cars used in Walt Disney movies. The Gilmore Car Museum, located in Hickory Corners in the U.S. state of Michigan, houses a collection of train cars. ... For the company founded by Disney, see The Walt Disney Company. ...

Theater

Kalamazoo is home to a number of local theater groups, including the Kalamazoo Civic Players, New Vic Theatre [2], The Whole Art Theatre [3], and the Barn Theatre [4] in nearby Augusta. Plays are also performed at Kalamazoo College and Western Michigan University. The Kalamazoo Civic Players was established in 1929. ... Augusta is a village in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Kalamazoo College (K College or K) is a private, highly selective liberal arts college located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. ... Western Michigan University (abbr. ...

There is a small local improv scene, centered mainly around the group Crawlspace Eviction [5] and its sibling production, Bed, Breakfast, and Beyond. Monkapult, a student improv group at Kalamazoo College, also has regular performances which are widely attended. Members of Monkapult later formed a small improv troupe called Just panda, which gained recognition throughout the community and held performances in Milwaukee and Chicago. This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

The All Ears Theatre [6], which invites listeners to return to "the thrilling days of live radio," performs a mix of new and classic works before a live audience. Twelve performances are recorded per year, all of which are later broadcast locally on WMUK. WMUK is a non profit public radio station at 102. ...

Music

Kalamazoo has always had a diverse and vibrant music scene. The Gibson Guitar Corporation, originally founded in Kalamazoo in 1902, spurred the musical interests of many local musicians specializing in everything from classical genera, to folk, to modern-rock. The Kalamazoo Symphony Orchestra, [7] founded in 1921, is now a well known world-class orchestra under the direction of Raymond Harvey. The city also plays host to the renowned Irving S. Gilmore International Keyboard Festival, as well as a Bach Festival. The Gibson Guitar Corporation, of Nashville, Tennessee, USA, is a manufacturer of acoustic and electric guitars. ... The Kalamazoo Symphony Orchestra (KSO) was founded in 1921 and is now the third largest professional orchestra in Michigan. ... “Bach” redirects here. ...

The local and indie music scene has produced pop stars such as RCA recording artists The Verve Pipe, Metal Blade recording artists Thought Industry, Grass Records/RCA recording artists Twitch, Grass Records recording artists Doxie, unsigned heroes Rollinghead, Hell or Highwater, and Knee Deep Shag, among others. Among the uprising is shoegaze influenced band, The Glowfriends. The bluegrass and folk scene has developed a great following partly influenced by local bands like Who Hit John?[8],Sweet Corn, folk stars like Joel Mabus [9], and the local NPR show Grassroots. Recent manifestations of this interest in acoustic, folk, and bluegrass is the recent success of groups like Greensky Bluegrass [10], and individuals like Seth Bernard and Daisy May The Coopers Glen Music Festival [11] is also a popular music event held annually, previously at the Kalamazoo Nature Center [12] and now temporarily at The Radison Plaza Hotel. The Fretboard Festival, a celebration of Kalamazoo's music scene and it's musical heritage, is held annually at The Kalamazoo Valley Museum in music that is characterized by its perceived independence from mainstream or pop culture as a whole. ... The Verve Pipe is an American post-grunge band from East Lansing, Michigan. ... American progressive metal band Thought Industry was formed in Kalamazoo, Michigan in 1989 by vocalist/bassist Brent Oberlin, drummer Dustin Donaldson (who formed I Am Spoonbender in 1997), guitarist Christopher Simmonds (aka Christopher Lee), and guitarist Steve Spaeth. ... Twitch may refer to: Muscle contraction Myoclonic twitch Spasm, a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle Fasciculation Twitch (album) Category: ... Shoegazing is a style of music that emerged in Britain in the late 1980s. ... Acoustic music refers to music that solely or primarily uses instruments which produce sound through entirely acoustic means, as opposed to electronic means. ... Folk can refer to a number of different things: It can be short for folk music, or, for folksong, or, for folklore; it may be a word for a specific people, tribe, or nation, especially one of the Germanic peoples; it might even be a calque on the related German... Bluegrass music is a form of American roots music. ...

The city, with its diverse and multi-ethnic population also has burgeoning world music, hip hop, punk, celtic and blues scenes. Local musicians proud of their city have also written tributes featuring the name Kalamazoo, bringing about greater national recognition of the city, such as "Kalamazoo #12 & 35" by The Corn Fed Girls, "Flypaper" by Micaela Kingslight [13] and "Wanderin" by The Red Sea Pedestrians [14].

Dance

Kalamazoo is home to Boheme, the area's premiere Tribal Style belly dance troupe. The troupe is under the direction of Sarah Schneider and performs throughout the midwest. Their repertoire includes ATS, Tribal Fusion, folkloric dances, and tribaret. [15]

Sports

Waldo Stadium, on the campus of Western Michigan University.

Kalamazoo plays host to four non-collegiate teams: Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 548 KB) A view of the playing field at Waldo Stadium, located in Kalamazoo, MI. I took this picture on April 26, 2006. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 548 KB) A view of the playing field at Waldo Stadium, located in Kalamazoo, MI. I took this picture on April 26, 2006. ... Waldo Stadium is a stadium in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ...

• The Kalamazoo Kings minor-league baseball team plays games at Homer Stryker Field and is a member of the independent Frontier League.
• The Kalamazoo Wings (aka K-Wings) minor-league hockey team plays games in Wings Stadium and is a member of the newly revived International Hockey League (2007-).
• The Kalamazoo Xplosion indoor football team plays games in Wings Stadium and is a member of the Continental Indoor Football League.
• The Kalamazoo Outrage is a soccer club and has men's, women's and junior teams and is a member of United Soccer League, due to play in the Premier Development League as an expansion team in the. On November 14, 2007, the club announced a player development deal with one of England's oldest soccer teams, Sheffield Wednesday a.k.a 'The Owls'. Former USA international team player John Harkes played successfully with the Owls in the 1990s, and current international youngster Frank Simek from St Louis, MO is their current first-choice right-back. In April 2008, Wednesday released youngster Scott Elise to play for the Outrage after the 20yr old graduated from the Owls Academy, further cementing links between the two clubs.

The Western Michigan University Broncos, who compete in the NCAA Division I Mid-American Conference, play at the following on-campus venues: The Kalamazoo Kings are a minor league baseball team based in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... Homer Stryker Stadium is a stadium in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... The Frontier League, based in Troy, Illinois, is a professional, independent baseball organization located in the Midwestern United States and Western Pennsylvania. ... The Kalamazoo Wings began play in 2000-2001. ... Wings Stadium is a 5,113-seat multi-purpose arena in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... The International Hockey League (IHL) is a professional ice hockey league with teams in the United States. ... The Kalamazoo Xplosion are a 2007 expansion team of the Continental Indoor Football League, formerly the Great Lakes Indoor Football League. ... Wings Stadium is a 5,113-seat multi-purpose arena in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... The CIFLs 2007 game ball The Continental Indoor Football League (CIFL) is a new indoor football league based along the Northeastern United States region. ... The Kalamazoo Outrage is a American soccer club founded in 2007. ... The United Soccer League was a professional soccer league in the United States in the mid-1980s. ... The USL Premier Development League (PDL) is the amateur league of the United Soccer Leagues in the United States and Canada. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Sheffield Wednesday are a football club in the English Football League. ... John Harkes (born March 8, 1967 in Kearny, New Jersey) is a former American soccer player. ... Frank Simek - also sometimes referred to as Franklin or Frankie Simek - (born October 13, 1984 in St. ... The Gateway Arch, shown here behind the Old Courthouse, is the most recognizable part of the St. ... Western Michigan University (abbr. ... NCAA redirects here. ... Division I (or DI) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States. ... The Mid-American Conference (MAC) is a college athletic conference with a membership base that stretches from New York to Illinois. ...

• Waldo Stadium (football)
• Lawson Arena (hockey)
• University Arena (basketball and Volleyball)
• Hyames Field (baseball)
• Ebert Field (softball)
• Kanley Track (outdoor track and field)

Hyames Field played host to the first two College World Series held in 1947 and 1948. Future U. S. President George H. W. Bush was a first baseman for Yale in the 1947 series. Waldo Stadium is a stadium in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... United States simply as football, is a competitive team sport that is both fast-paced and strategic. ... Lawson Arena is home to the Western Michigan University Broncos NCAA Division I mens ice hockey team. ... Ice hockey, known simply as hockey in areas where it is more common than field hockey, is a team sport played on ice. ... University Arena is a multi-purpose arena in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... This article is about the sport. ... For the ball used in this sport, see Volleyball (ball). ... The baseball stadium (located next to Waldo Stadium) where the Western Michigan University baseball team plays. ... This article is about the sport. ... Ebert Field is a softball field located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, and home to the Western Michigan University softball team. ... Softball is a team sport popular especially in the United States. ... Kanley Track is a track and field complex located in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... Athletics, also known as track and field or track and field athletics, is a collection of sport events. ... The College World Series is the tournament which determines the NCAA Division I collegiate baseball champion. ...

The Kalamazoo College Hornets and Kalamazoo Valley Community College Cougars also have several collegiate athletic teams. Kalamazoo College (K College or K) is a private, highly selective liberal arts college located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. ... Kalamazoo Valley Community College is a two-year community college in southwest Michigan with locations in downtown Kalamazoo and southwest of town in Texas Township. ...

Kalamazoo is the hometown of New York Yankees all-star shortstop Derek Jeter, Green Bay Packers wide receiver Greg Jennings, and Seattle Seahawks running back T.J. Duckett. Florida Marlins pitcher Scott Olsen was born in Kalamazoo. Major league affiliations American League (1901–present) East Division (1969–present) Current uniform Retired Numbers 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 23, 32, 37, 44, 49 Name New York Yankees (1913–present) New York Highlanders (1903-1912) Baltimore Orioles (1901-1902) (Also referred to as... Derek Sanderson Jeter (pronounced , born June 26, 1974) is an American Major League Baseball player. ... Packers redirects here. ... Greg Jennings (born September 21, 1983 in Kalamazoo, Michigan), is a current American Football wide receiver for the Green Bay Packers. ... City Seattle, Washington Team colors Pacific Blue, Navy Blue, Neon Green, White Head Coach Mike Holmgren Owner Paul Allen General manager Tim Ruskell Mascot Blitz, and Taima the hawk League/Conference affiliations National Football League (1976–present) American Football Conference (1977-2001) AFC West (1977-2001) National Football Conference (1976... TJ Duckett is an American football player who plays for the Atlanta Falcons in the NFL. His position is running back, and he has spent his whole career so far with Atlanta. ... Major league affiliations National League (1993–present) East Division (1993–present) Current uniform Retired Numbers 5, 42 Name Florida Marlins (1993–present) Other nicknames The Fish Ballpark Dolphin Stadium (1993–present) a. ... Scott M. Olsen (b. ...

The United States Tennis Association Boys 18 and 16 National Tennis Championships are hosted every summer by Kalamazoo College. The event, organized completely by local volunteers from Kalamazoo's vibrant tennis community, has seen some of tennis' great stars in years just before they became pro including Jimmy Connors, John McEnroe, Jim Courier, Andre Agassi, Pete Sampras, Michael Chang, James Blake and Andy Roddick. The United States Tennis Association (USTA), previously known as the United States National Lawn Tennis Association, was established by a small group of tennis club members in a meeting held at the Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York City. ... Kalamazoo College (K College or K) is a private, highly selective liberal arts college located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. ... James Scott (Jimmy) Connors (born September 2, 1952 in East St. ... John Patrick McEnroe Jr. ... James Spencer Jim Courier, Jr. ... Andre Kirk Agassi (born April 29, 1970) is a former World No. ... Petros “Pete” Sampras (born 12 August 1971), is a former World No. ... Michael Te-Pei Chang (張德培; Pinyin: Zhāng Dépéi; born February 22, 1972, in Hoboken, New Jersey, U.S.) is an American former professional tennis player. ... For other persons named James Blake, see James Blake (disambiguation). ... Andrew Stephen Andy Roddick (born August 30, 1982) is an American professional tennis player and a former World No. ...

Local Media

Newspapers

Kalamazoo is served by one daily newspaper, the Kalamazoo Gazette.

The main office of Business Review Western Michigan, a business-to-business publication, is located in Kalamazoo. External Links International Chamber of E-Commerce: e-commerce store/catalog, point-n-click website builder, e-business tools & services ...

Western Michigan University's school paper, the Western Herald is distributed on-campus and around the greater Kalamazoo area.

Television

WWMT, West Michigan's CBS affiliate, is licensed and operates out of Kalamazoo but serves the entire West Michigan region from the Indiana border, west to the lakeshore, and all the way up to Muskegon and Big Rapids. Currently the station advertises itself as NEWSCHANNEL 3 with the slogan "Live, Local, Breaking News". Former slogans include "News 3, Where News Comes First" and "News Active 3". WWMT formerly used the call letters WKZO, and was originally owned and operated by the famous broadcasting pioneer John Fetzer. Fetzer, along with television, also introduced Kalamazoo to radio for the first time in 1931, when AM 590 WKZO signed on the air. WWMT CBS 3 is the CBS television affiliate for the West Michigan television market. ... John Earl Fetzer (1901-1991) was a radio and television executive who was best known as the owner of the Detroit Tigers from 1961 through the early 1980s. ... WKZO (590 AM) is a radio station licensed to Kalamazoo, Michigan broadcasting a news-talk? format. ...

The Community Access Center located in downtown Kalamazoo hosts a multitude of media outlets including cable channels 19, 20, 21, 22, and 95 where daily media programs are produced and aired to the public.

Local television stations which serve Kalamazoo include:

• WWMT CH 3 - Kalamazoo - CBS
• WWMT CH 3.2 - Kalamazoo - CW- also known as Channel 7, or "CW7."
• WOOD CH 8 - Grand Rapids - NBC
• WZZM CH 13 - Grand Rapids - ABC
• WXMI CH 17 - Grand Rapids - FOX
• WOTV CH 41 - Battle Creek - ABC
• WZPX CH 43 - Battle Creek - ION
• WXSP CH 50 - Grand Rapids - MNT
• WGVU CH 52 - Grand Rapids - PBS
• WLLA CH 64 - Kalamazoo - Religious

WWMT CBS 3 is the CBS television affiliate for the West Michigan television market. ... WWMT CBS 3 is the CBS television affiliate for the West Michigan television market. ... For other uses, see Wood (disambiguation). ... WZZM-TV, WZZM 13 is a television station affiliated with the ABC network, broadcasting on channel 13 in the Grand Rapids, Michigan metropolitan area. ... WXMI, FOX17 Channel 17 (Digital Channel 19) is the Western Michigan affiliate for the Fox Broadcasting Company. ... WOTV is a television station affiliated with the ABC network. ... WZPX-TV is a television station affiliated with the i network (formerly PAX-TV) and The WB, broadcasting on channel 43 ( and digital channel 44) in the Grand Rapids, Michigan metropolitan area. ... WXSP-CA (WXSP, The X) is a low-powered television station and UPN affiliate serving Grand Rapids, Michigan. ... WGVU West Michigan Public Broadcasting is a group of radio and television stations licensed to and operated by Grand Valley State University, serving the Greater Grand Rapids, Michigan / Western Michigan area of the United States. ... WLLA-TV is a Christian television station broadcasting in Western Michigan on channel 64 from Kalamazoo, Michigan owned by Christian Faith Broadcast, Inc. ...

Radio

WIDR is operated at Western Michigan University. Located at 89.1 on the FM dial, the college student-run radio station is located on the campus and is known for playing obscure and rarely heard underground music. WIDR (89. ...

WMUK is also on Western Michigan University's campus. Located at 102.1 FM, the station hosts many local music programs including Jazz and Classical performances as well as programming from NPR. WMUK is a non profit public radio station at 102. ... NPR logo For other meanings of NPR see NPR (disambiguation) National Public Radio (NPR) is a private, not-for-profit corporation that sells programming to member radio stations; together they are a loosely organized public radio network in the United States. ...

WKDS is West Michigan's only high school student-run radio station. The station signed on in 1983 at 89.9 on the FM dial, broadcasting from Loy Norrix High School. The call letters stood for Kalamazoo District Schools (now Kalamazoo Public Schools). For most of its history, WKDS broadcasted only during daytime hours and not at all on the weekend. In Fall of 2004, the station began broadcasting 24 hours a day, 7 days a week in an attempt to prevent an outside organization to take over the time WKDS was off the air. WKDS was part of a county wide Education For Employment program for years. The radio station is still owned by Kalamazoo Public Schools although the EFE program has been discontinued. High School students from around the area continue to operate the station. WKDS (89. ... Loy Norrix High School is located in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... Kalamazoo Public Schools are located in Kalamazoo, Michigan. ...

FM radio stations which serve Kalamazoo include:

• WAYK 88.3 - Kalamazoo - Christian Top 40
• WIDR 89.1 - Kalamazoo - College/Variety
• WKDS 89.9 - Kalamazoo - High School/Variety
• WCSG 91.3 - Grand Rapids - Christian AC
• WZUU 92.5 - Mattawan/Kalamazoo - Classic Rock
• WBCT 93.7 - Grand Rapids - Country
• WLKM 95.9 - Three Rivers - Classic Hits
• WYZO 96.5 - Portage/Kalamazoo - Country
• WGRD 97.9 - Grand Rapids - Alternative Rock
• WNWN 98.5 - Battle Creek - Country
• WBCH 100.1 - Hastings - Country
• WQXC 100.9 - Otsego/Kalamazoo - Oldies
• WMUK 102.1 - Kalamazoo - NPR/Classical/Jazz
• WKFR 103.3 - Battle Creek/Kalamazoo - CHR Top 40
• WBXX 104.9 - Battle Creek - Adult Contemporary
• WOOD 105.7 - Grand Rapids - Adult Contemporary
• WJXQ 106.1 - Jackson/Lansing - Active Rock
• WVFM 106.5 - Kalamazoo - Adult Contemporary
• WRKR 107.7 - Portage/Kalamazoo - Classic Rock

AM radio stations which serve Kalamazoo include: WIDR (89. ... WKDS (89. ... After five years of preparation, 91. ... WZUU (92. ... WBCT also known as B-93 is a radio station in Grand Rapids, Michigan with a country music format. ... Wyzo browser, with its new orange theme and start page. ... 97. ... WNWN (1560 AM) is a radio station licensed to Portage, Michigan broadcasting an adult urban contemporary format. ... WBCH (1220 AM) is a radio station licensed to Hastings, Michigan broadcasting a news/talk format. ... WMUK is a non profit public radio station at 102. ... WKFR, also known as KFR, is a Top 40 outlet serving the Kalamazoo, Michigan radio market. ... WBXX-TV (East Tennessees WB) is the WB affiliate in the Knoxville, Tennessee television market. ... For other uses, see Wood (disambiguation). ... WJXQ (106. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... WRKR (107. ...

• WKZO 590 - Kalamazoo - News/Talk
• WAKV 980 - Allegan/Otsego - Adult Standards
• WKMI 1360 - Kalamazoo - News/Talk
• WKPR 1420 - Kalamazoo - Religious
• WNWN 1560 - Portage/Kalamazoo - Urban Adult Contemporary
• WQLR 1660 - Kalamazoo - Sports

WKZO (590 AM) is a radio station licensed to Kalamazoo, Michigan broadcasting a news-talk? format. ... WAKV (980 AM) is a radio station broadcasting an adult standards format. ... WKMI (1360 AM) is a radio station licensed to Kalamazoo, Michigan broadcasting a news-talk format. ... WKPR (1420 AM) is a radio station licensed to Kalamazoo, Michigan broadcasting a religious message. ... WNWN (1560 AM) is a radio station licensed to Portage, Michigan broadcasting an adult urban contemporary format. ... WQLR, also known as 106. ...

Transportation

The Wolverine, eastbound, crosses Academy Street in Kalamazoo. The campus of Kalamazoo College lies to the right.

The train station component of the Kalamazoo Transportation Center.

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x853, 204 KB) Amtrak #352 eastbound from Chicago to Pontiac on approach to Kalamazoo station. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x853, 204 KB) Amtrak #352 eastbound from Chicago to Pontiac on approach to Kalamazoo station. ... Kalamazoo College (K College or K) is a private, highly selective liberal arts college located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1600x1200, 2850 KB) The Kalamazoo Transportation Center train station, looking south-east. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1600x1200, 2850 KB) The Kalamazoo Transportation Center train station, looking south-east. ...

Highways

Interstates

• I-94
• I-94 Business Loop

Image File history File links I-94. ... Interstate 94 (abbreviated I-94) is the northernmost east-west interstate highway, connecting the Great Lakes and Intermountain regions of the United States. ... Image File history File links Business_Loop_94. ...

US highways

• US 131
•  
  BUS US 131

Image File history File links US_131. ... U.S. Highway 131 (US-131) is a north-south United States highway. ... Image File history File links Business_plate. ... Image File history File links US_131. ... U.S. Highway 131 Business Route (BUS US 131) is a business route running through downtown Kalamzoo, in the United States. ...

Michigan State Trunklines

• M-43
• M-96
• M-331 - unsigned state trunkline.

Image File history File links M-43. ... Michigan State Highway 43, or M-43, is a highway in southwestern and central Michigan from South Haven, junction Interstate 196 to Webberville, junctions Interstate 96 and Michigan State Highway 52. ... Image File history File links M-96. ... M-96 M-96 is a largely urban highway between Kalamazoo and Marshall. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... M-331 is an unsigned state highway located within the city of Kalamazoo. ...

Intercounty Highways

• A-45

Kalamazoo is served by highways I-94, US 131, M-43 and M-96. It was on the original Territorial Road in Michigan of the 1800s, which started in Detroit and ran to Lake Michigan. Much of that, but not all, later became Old U.S. 12—the "old" designation came about when I-94 was built parallel to it—and also was called Red Arrow Highway after a World War I army division. The name "U.S. 12" was shifted south to what once was U.S. 112 between Detroit and Chicago. Some parts of Old U.S. 12 outside of town, especially in Van Buren County and Berrien County to the west, are still called Red Arrow Highway. The term "Old U.S. 12" has faded from use. Interstate 94 (abbreviated I-94) is the northernmost east-west interstate highway, connecting the Great Lakes and Intermountain regions of the United States. ... U.S. Highway 131 (US-131) is a north-south United States highway. ... Michigan State Highway 43, or M-43, is a highway in southwestern and central Michigan from South Haven, junction Interstate 196 to Webberville, junctions Interstate 96 and Michigan State Highway 52. ... M-96 M-96 is a largely urban highway between Kalamazoo and Marshall. ... U.S. Route 12, or US 12, is an east-west United States highway running from downtown Detroit almost 2500 miles (4000 km) to Grays Harbor on the Pacific Ocean in the state of Washington. ... Interstate 94 (abbreviated I-94) is the northernmost east-west interstate highway, connecting the Great Lakes and Intermountain regions of the United States. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Van Buren County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Berrien County is a county located in the extreme southwest of the U.S. state of Michigan. ...

Rail, bus, and air

Main article: Kalamazoo Transportation Center

and Michigan Services

• Kalamazoo has rail service provided by Amtrak, with the station located downtown and combined with a newly renovated bus terminal.
• Bus service to and through the city is provided by Greyhound and Indian Trails. Public bus services within the city are provided by Kalamazoo Metro Transit.
• On the southern end of the city is the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek International Airport, where flights on American Eagle, Northwest Airlines, Delta Connection (Comair, Atlantic Southeast Airlines), Northwest Airlink (Mesaba Airlines, Pinnacle Airlines), and United Express connect people to Detroit, Cincinnati, Chicago, and Minneapolis.

The Kalamazoo Transportation Center is an intermodal complex located in downtown Kalamazoo, Michigan. ... Michigan Services is an umbrella term used by Amtrak to encompass three separate routes which originate from Chicago, Illinois and run into southern and central Michigan. ... Vermonter at the Brattleboro, Vermont, station, 18 March 2004. ... This article is about the US bus line. ... Kalamazoo Metro Transit is a public transport service which operates twenty-three routes within the Kalamazoo, Michigan metropolitan area. ... Kalamazoo-Battle Creek International Airport (IATA: AZO, ICAO: KAZO) is an airport in Kalamazoo, Michigan, near Battle Creek, Michigan. ... American Airlines, Inc. ... Northwest Airlines, Inc. ... This article is about the US airline. ... Atlantic Southeast Airlines (ASA) is an American airline based in Atlanta, Georgia, USA flying to over 150 destinations as a Delta Connection carrier. ... Mesaba Airlines (IATA: XJ, ICAO: MES, and Callsign: Mesaba) [1] is an American regional airline based in Eagan, Minnesota. ... Pinnacle Airlines (formerly Express Airlines I) is a American regional airline based in Memphis, Tennessee operating all of its flights under the name Northwest Airlink for Northwest Airlines. ... United Express is a brand name under which seven regional airlines operate feeder flights for United Airlines. ... Motto: Speramus Meliora; Resurget Cineribus (We Hope For Better Things; It Shall Rise From the Ashes - this motto was adopted after the disastrous 1805 fire that devastated the city) Nickname: The Motor City and Motown Location in Wayne County, Michigan Founded Incorporated July 24, 1701 1815  County Wayne County Mayor... Cincinnati, Ohio viewed from the SW, across the Ohio River from Kentucky. ... For other uses, see Chicago (disambiguation). ... This article is about the city in Minnesota. ...

Other

The Kal-Haven Trail, heavily used by bicyclists and snowmobilers, extends nearly to downtown Kalamazoo. It runs 34 miles (55 km) between South Haven, Michigan, to a point just west of Kalamazoo, though there are plans to extend it into the city. Formally known as the Kal-Haven Trail Sesquicentennial State Park, it runs 34 miles (55 km) between South Haven, Michigan, to a point just west of the city of Kalamazoo, Michigan, though there are plans to extend it into the city. ... South Haven is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. ...

Sister cities

The city of Kalamazoo, Michigan has three sister cities. Sister Cities International is a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting and fostering town twinning, especially between cities in the United States and cities in other countries. ...

• Kingston, Jamaica
• Numazu, Japan
• Pushkin, Russia

Image File history File links Flag_of_Jamaica. ... The City of Kingston is the capital and largest city of Jamaica and is located on the southeastern coast of the island country. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Numazu (沼津市; -shi) is a city located in Shizuoka, Japan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... Pushkin is a town in Russia that is located 24 kilometres south of Saint Petersburg, at 59°44′N 30°23′E. The town was founded in the 18th century as the summer residence of the Russian tsars under the name Tsarskoye Selo (Royal Village). ...

See also

• People from Kalamazoo, Michigan

Notes

The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... InsertSLUTTY WHORES≤ non-formatted text here{| class=toccolours border=1 cellpadding=4 style=float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; width: 20em; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; clear: right; |+ United States Geological Survey |- |style= align=center colspan=2| [[Image:USGS logo. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 158th day of the year (159th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 158th day of the year (159th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 158th day of the year (159th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 211th day of the year (212th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

		Grand Rapids		v • d • e
	Benton Harbor		Battle Creek
		Kalamazoo
		Three Rivers Image=Flag of Michigan.svg The Open Directory Project (ODP), also known as dmoz (from , its original domain name), is a multilingual open content directory of World Wide Web links owned by Netscape that is constructed and maintained by a community of volunteer editors. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Grand Rapids redirects here. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Benton Harbor is a city in Berrien County in the U.S. State of Michigan. ... Image File history File links North. ... “Battle Creek” redirects here. ... Image File history File links West. ... Image File history File links East. ... Image File history File links South. ... Three Rivers is a city located in St. ...

v • d • e Municipalities and communities of Kalamazoo County, Michigan County seat: Kalamazoo Cities Galesburg | Kalamazoo | Parchment | Portage Kalamazoo County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... A county seat is a term for an administrative center for a county, primarily used in the United States. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... Galesburg is a city in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Parchment is a city in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Portage is a city in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Villages Augusta | Climax | Richland | Schoolcraft | Vicksburg Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... // The word village has many meanings relating to local government in the United States. ... Augusta is a village in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Climax is a village in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Richland is a village in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Schoolcraft is a village in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Vicksburg is a village in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Charter townships Comstock | Cooper | Kalamazoo | Oshtemo | Texas A Charter Township is a form of local government in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Comstock Township is a charter township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Cooper Township is a charter township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Kalamazoo Township is a charter township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Texas Charter Township, officially named the Charter Township of Texas, is a charter township of Kalamazoo County, Michigan. ... Civil townships Alamo | Brady | Charleston | Climax | Pavilion | Prairie Ronde | Richland | Ross | Schoolcraft | Wakeshma A civil township is a widely-used unit of local government in the United States, subordinate to a county. ... Alamo Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Brady Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Charleston Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Climax Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Pavilion Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Prairie Ronde Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Richland Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Ross Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Schoolcraft Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Wakeshma Township is a township in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Unincorporated communities Comstock Northwest | Eastwood | Greater Galesburg | South Gull Lake | Westwood This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Comstock Northwest is an area in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Eastwood is an unincorporated community located in Kalamazoo Charter Township, Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Greater Galesburg is an area in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan surrounding the city of Galesburg. ... South Gull Lake is an unincorporated community located in Ross Township, Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Westwood is an unincorporated community located in Kalamazoo Charter Township, Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ...

v • d • e   State of Michigan Lansing (capital) Topics Congressional delegation · Governors · History · Lieutenant Governors · Legislature · Museums · National Historic Landmarks · People · Registered Historic Places · State parks · Supreme Court · Tallest buildings · Timeline  · Topics Image File history File links Flag_of_Michigan. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Location in Ingham County, Michigan1 Coordinates: Country United States State Michigan County Ingham, Eaton Settled 1835 Incorporation 1859 Government  - Type Strong Mayor-Council  - Mayor Virg Bernero (D) Area  - City  35. ... Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, site of first U.S. capital. ... These are tables of congressional delegations from Michigan to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. ... The following are governors of the Territory of Michigan and the U.S. state of Michigan. ... The following is a timeline of the history of Michigan, USA. // Early European 1620 Étienne Brûlé and his fellow explorers from Grenoble, France, were probably the first white men to see Lake Superior. ... The Lieutenant Governor of Michigan is the second-ranking executive officer in the U.S. state of Michigan, behind the governor. ... The Michigan Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... List of Registered Historic Places in Michigan: // Alcona County Harrisville Sturgeon Point Light Station Alger County Au Train Township M-94 (old)-Au Train River Bridge Au Train Paulson House Burt Township Pickle Barrel House Christmas Bay Furnace Grand Island Harbor Rear Range Light Grand Marais Au Sable Light Station... This is a list of Michigan state parks and related protected areas under Michigan Department of Natural Resources jurisdiction. ... The Michigan Supreme Court is the highest court in the State of Michigan, that is the court of last resort. ... // 13000 BC to 12000 BC The most recent of four major glaciers (Wisconsin glaciation) started to recede leaving a tundra like environment. ... This is a list of articles that have something substantive to do with the state of Michigan. ... Regions Upper Peninsula Copper Country · Keweenaw Peninsula · Gogebic Range Lower Peninsula Central Michigan: Southern Michigan · Flint/Tri-Cities: The Thumb / The Greater Tri Cities · Michiana · Northern Michigan · Southeast Michigan / Metro Detroit · West Michigan Largest municipalities Ann Arbor · Battle Creek · Bay City · Bloomfield Township · Canton Township · Chesterfield Township · Clinton Township · Commerce Township · Dearborn · Dearborn Heights · Detroit · East Lansing · Eastpointe · Farmington Hills · Flint · Flint Township · Georgetown Township · Grand Rapids · Holland · Jackson · Kalamazoo · Kentwood · Lansing · Lincoln Park · Livonia · Macomb Township · Meridian Township · Midland · Muskegon · Novi · Pontiac · Portage · Redford · Rochester Hills · Roseville · Royal Oak · Saginaw · Saginaw Township · St. Clair Shores · Shelby Township · Southfield · Sterling Heights · Taylor · Troy · Warren · Waterford Township · West Bloomfield · Westland · Wyoming · Ypsilanti Township This list of regions of the United States includes official (governmental) and non-official areas within the borders of the United States, not including U.S. states, the federal district of Washington, D.C. or standard subentities such as cities or counties. ... The Upper Peninsula of Michigan is the northern of the two major land masses that comprise the U.S. state of Michigan. ... The Copper Country is an area in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan in the United States, including most of Keweenaw, Houghton, Baraga and Ontonagon counties. ... The Keweenaw Peninsula is the most northern part of Michigans Upper Peninsula. ... Regions and major cities of the Lower Peninsula can be seen here. ... The Lower Peninsula of Michigan, including major regions. ... Southern Michigan is a region in the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Map of the regions of the Lower Peninsula, employing the broad definition of West Michigan. ... Map of Lower Peninsula with showing the definition of The Thumb. ... The name Tri-Cities refers to a region in the U.S. state of Michigan surrounding the cities of Saginaw, Bay City, and Midland. ... Michiana is a region in northern Indiana and southwest Michigan centered around the city of South Bend, Indiana. ... Northern Michigan - or more properly Northern Lower Michigan - is a region of the U.S. state of Michigan, popular as a tourist destination, resort area, and vacation area. ... Southeast Michigan is a region in the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan that is home to a majority of the states residents, businesses, and industries. ... The Detroit metropolitan area, often referred to as Metro Detroit, is the metropolitan area located in southeastern Michigan, centered on the city of Detroit. ... Western Michigan, also known as West Michigan, is a region of the U.S. State of Michigan. ... List of the top 30 municipalities in Michigan ordered by population. ... Ann Arbor redirects here. ... “Battle Creek” redirects here. ... Bay City is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan located near the base of the Saginaw Bay on Lake Huron. ... Bloomfield Township is a charter township located in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... The Charter Township of Canton, usually referred to as Canton, is a charter township of Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Chesterfield Township is a township located in Macomb County, Michigan. ... The Charter Township of Clinton, usually referred to as Clinton Township, is a charter township located in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Commerce Township is a charter township in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. ... Location in Michigan Coordinates: , Country United States State Michigan County Wayne County Government  - Mayor John B. O’Reilly, Jr. ... Dearborn Heights is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Detroit redirects here. ... Location in Michigan Coordinates: , Country State Counties Ingham, Clinton Incorporation 1907 Government  - Type Council-Manager  - Mayor Samir Singh (D)  - City Manager Theodore J. Stanton Area  - City  11. ... Eastpointe (formerly East Detroit) is a city in Macomb County of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Farmington Hills is the most populous city in Oakland County of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Nickname: Location of Flint within Genesee County, Michigan. ... The Charter Township of Flint is a charter township in Genesee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Georgetown Charter Township is a charter township located in Ottawa County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Grand Rapids redirects here. ... Holland is a city in the western region of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Nickname: Location of Jackson within Jackson County, Michigan Country United States State Michigan County Jackson Government  - Mayor Jerry Ludwig Area  - City  11. ... Kentwood is a city in Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Location in Ingham County, Michigan1 Coordinates: Country United States State Michigan County Ingham, Eaton Settled 1835 Incorporation 1859 Government  - Type Strong Mayor-Council  - Mayor Virg Bernero (D) Area  - City  35. ... Lincoln Park is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Livonia is a city located in the northwest part of Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Macomb Township is a township of Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Meridian Charter Township is a charter township in Ingham County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Midland is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan in the Northern Lower Peninsula. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Novi is a city in Oakland County of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Pontiac is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan named after the Ottawa Chief Pontiac. ... Portage is a city in Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Redford is a charter township in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Rochester Hills is a city in Oakland County of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Roseville is a city in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan, and is a part of the Metro Detroit area. ... The Star Dream by Marshall Fredericks in downtown Royal Oak Royal Oak is a city in Oakland County of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Location of Saginaw within Saginaw County, Michigan Coordinates: , Country State County Saginaw Settled 1819 Incorporated 1857 Government  - Type  - Mayor Carol B. Cottrell  - City Manager Darnell Earley Area  - City  18. ... Saginaw Charter Township is a charter township located in Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... St. ... The Charter Township of Shelby, usually referred to as Shelby Township, is a charter township of Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Southfield is a city in Oakland County of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Sterling Heights is a city in Macomb County of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Taylor is a city located in Wayne County, Michigan. ... Troy is a city in Oakland County of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Coordinates: , Country State County Macomb Incorporated 1957 Government  - Type Council-Strong Mayor  - Mayor Mark A. Steenbergh Area  - City  34. ... Waterford Township is a charter township of Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... West Bloomfield Township is a charter township and suburb of Detroit in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan and is known for its gracious homes on the water and its rolling hills. ... Westland is a city located in Wayne County, Michigan. ... Wyoming is a city in Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Ypsilanti Charter Township is a charter township located in Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Counties Alcona · Alger · Allegan · Alpena · Antrim · Arenac · Baraga · Barry · Bay · Benzie · Berrien · Branch · Calhoun · Cass · Charlevoix · Cheboygan · Chippewa · Clare · Clinton · Crawford · Delta · Dickinson · Eaton · Emmet · Genesee · Gladwin · Gogebic · Grand Traverse · Gratiot · Hillsdale · Houghton · Huron · Ingham · Ionia · Iosco · Iron · Isabella · Jackson · Kalamazoo · Kalkaska · Kent · Keweenaw · Lake · Lapeer · Leelanau · Lenawee · Livingston · Luce · Mackinac · Macomb · Manistee · Marquette · Mason · Mecosta · Menominee · Midland · Missaukee · Monroe · Montcalm · Montmorency · Muskegon · Newaygo · Oakland · Oceana · Ogemaw · Ontonagon · Osceola · Oscoda · Otsego · Ottawa · Presque Isle · Roscommon · Saginaw · Sanilac · Schoolcraft · Shiawassee · St. Clair · St. Joseph · Tuscola · Van Buren · Washtenaw · Wayne · Wexford Map of Michigans counties The boundaries of counties in the U.S. state of Michigan have not changed since 1897. ... Alcona County is a county of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Alger County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Allegan County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Alpena County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Antrim County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Arenac County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Baraga County is a county located in the state of Michigan, named after Bishop Frederic Baraga. ... Barry County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Bay County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Benzie County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Berrien County is a county located in the extreme southwest of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Calhoun County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Cass County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Charlevoix County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... For other places with this name, see Cheboygan. ... Chippewa County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Clare County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Alternate use: There are several other places named Clinton, Michigan. ... Crawford County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Delta County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Dickinson County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Eaton County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Location in the state of Michigan Formed April 1, 1840 Seat Petoskey Area  - Total  - Water 2,285 km² (882 mi²) 1,073 km² (414 mi²) 46. ... Genesee County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Gladwin County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Gogebic County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Grand Traverse County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Gratiot County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Hillsdale County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Houghton County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Huron County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Ingham County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Ionia County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Iosco County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Iron County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Isabella County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Jackson County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Kalamazoo County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Kalkaska County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Kent County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Keweenaw County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Lake County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Lapeer County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Leelanau County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Lenawee County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Livingston County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Luce County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Mackinac County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Macomb County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Manistee County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Marquette County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Mason County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Mecosta County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Menominee County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Midland County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Missaukee County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Monroe County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Montcalm County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Montmorency County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Muskegon County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Newaygo County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Oceana County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Ogemaw County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Ontonagon County is a county of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Osceola County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Oscoda County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Otsego County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Ottawa County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Presque Isle County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Roscommon County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Saginaw County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Sanilac County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Schoolcraft County is a county in the Upper Peninsula of the state of Michigan. ... Shiawassee County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... St. ... St. ... Tuscola County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Van Buren County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Washtenaw County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Wayne County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Wexford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. ...