Kalambo Falls

Kalambo Falls on the Kalambo River is a 772ft (235m) single drop waterfall on the border of Zambia and Tanzania at the southeast end of Lake Tanganyika. The falls are the second-highest uninterrupted falls in Africa (after South Africa's Tugela Falls). Downstream of the falls the Kalambo Gorge which has a width of about 1 km and a depth of up to 300 m runs for about 5 km before opening out into the Lake Tanganyika rift valley. Kalambo Falls, Zambia. ... Kalambo Falls, Zambia. ... The Kalambo River lies on the border between Zambia and Tanzania. ... For other uses, see Waterfall (disambiguation). ... Lake Tanganyika is a large lake in central Africa (3° 20 to 8° 48 South and from 29° 5 to 31° 15 East). ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Tugela Falls are the worlds second highest waterfall. ... African Rift Valley. ...

Archaeologically, Kalambo Falls is one of the most important sites in Africa. It has produced a sequence of past human activity stretching over more than two hundred and fifty thousand years. It was first excavated in 1953 by John Desmond Clark who recognised archaeological activity around a small basin lake behind the falls. Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... John Desmond Clark (more commonly J. Desmond Clark, April 10, 1916 - February 14, 2002) was a British archaeologist noted particularly for his work on prehistoric Africa. ...

Late Acheulian stone tools, hearths and well preserved organic objects were found there including a wooden club and digging sticks and evidence of fruit consumption. Tools excavated from Kalambo Gorge have been radiocarbon-dated to be from around 300 000 BC, and the hearths indicate people were using fire systematically there some 60 000 years ago. Acheulean (also spelled Acheulian) is the name of an industry of stone tools used by prehistoric hominids. ... In archaeology and anthropology a digging stick is the term given to a variety of wooden implements used primarily by subsistence-based cultures to dig out underground food such as roots and tubers or burrowing animals and anthills. ...

The Acheulian industry was superseded by the Sangoan and then Lupemban industries related to those found in the Congo. Around 10,000 years ago the site was occupied by the Magosian culture which in turn gave way to Wilton activity. Finally, around the fourth century AD, a more industrialised Bantu people began to farm and occupy the area. The Sangoan industry is the name given by archaeologists to a Palaeolithic tool manufacturing style which may have developed from the earlier Acheulian types. ... The Lupemban is the name given by archaeologists to an eastern and southern African culture which dates to between c. ... Image of Kinshasa and Brazzaville, taken by NASA; the Congo River is visible in the center of the photograph Length 4,380 km Elevation of the source m Average discharge 41,800 m³/s Area watershed 3,680,000 km² Origin Mouth Atlantic Ocean Basin countries Dem. ... The Magosian is the name given by archaeologists to an industry found in southern and eastern Africa. ... The Wilton is the name given by archaeologists to an archaeological culture which was common to parts of south and east Africa around six thousand years ago. ... Map showing the approximate distribution of Bantu (light brown) vs. ...

In 1964 the archaeological site was gazetted as a national monument by Zambia's National Heritage Conservation Commission.

The falls' cliff-face ledges provide nesting places and breeding sites for a Marabou Stork colony. Binomial name Leptoptilos crumeniferus (Lesson, 1831) The Marabou Stork, Leptoptilos crumeniferus, is a large wading bird in the stork family Ciconiidae. ...

References

• "Kalambo Falls." Encyclopædia Britannica. Accessed online, 17 June 2006.

Coordinates: 8°35′47″S, 31°14′25″E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...