The Kangxi Dictionary

The Kangxi Dictionary (Chinese: 康熙字典; Pinyin: Kāngxī Zìdiǎn; Wade-Giles: K'ang-hsi tzu-tien) was the standard Chinese character dictionary during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Kangxi Emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty ordered its compilation in 1710 and it was published in 1716, named in his honor. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1894x1304, 1831 KB) Summary Originally from a GFDL image on the Chinese Wikipedia, located at http://zh. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1894x1304, 1831 KB) Summary Originally from a GFDL image on the Chinese Wikipedia, located at http://zh. ... Pinyin is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to Roman script) for Standard Mandarin, where pin means spell(ing) and yin means sound(s)). This article describes the most common variant called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; pinyin: HànyÇ” PÄ«nyÄ«n), also known as scheme... Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ... 漢字 Chinese character in hànzì, hanja, kanji. ... A dictionary is a list of words with their definitions, a list of characters with their glyphs, or a list of words with corresponding words in other languages. ... The Kangxi Emperor (Chinese: 康熙; Pinyin: KāngxÄ«; Wade-Giles: Kang-hsi; May 4, 1654 – December 20, 1722) was the third Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over all of China, from 1661 to 1722. ... The Qing Dynasty (Chinese: 清朝; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ching chao; Manchu: daicing gurun), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was a dynasty founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China, expanded into China and the surrounding territories, establishing the Empire of the Great Qing...

The Kangxi Dictionary editors, including Zhang Yushu (張玉書) and Chen Tingjing (陳廷敬), partly based it on two Ming Dynasty dictionaries: the 1615 Zihui (字彙 "Character Glossary") by Mei Yingzuo (梅膺祚), and the 1627 Zhengzi tong (正字通 "Correct Character Mastery") by Zhang Zilie (張自烈). Since the imperial edict required that the Kangxi Dictionary be compiled within five years, a number or errors were inevitable. The Daoguang Emperor established a review board and their 1831 Zidian kaozheng (字典考證 "Character Dictionary Textual Research") corrected 2588 mistakes, mostly in quotations and citations. (Teng and Biggerstaff 1971: 130) The Míng Dynasty (Chinese: 明朝; Pinyin: Míng Cháo) was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644. ... The Daoguang Emperor (September 16, 1782 - February 25, 1850) was the seventh emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the sixth Qing emperor to rule over China, from 1820 to 1850. ...

The supplemented dictionary contains 49,030 character entries, 1995 of which are graphic variants, giving a total of 47,035 different characters. They are grouped under the 214 radicals and arranged by the number of additional strokes in the character. The left part of mā, a Chinese character meaning mother, is a radical that means woman A radical (from Latin radix, meaning root) is a basic identifiable component of every Chinese character. ...

The character entries give variants (if any), pronunciations in traditional fanqie spelling and in modern reading of a homophone, different meanings, and quotations from Chinese books and lexicons. The dictionary also contains rime tables with characters ordered under syllable rime classes, tones, and initial syllable onsets. The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... Homonyms (in Greek homoios = identical and onoma = name) are words which have the same form (orthographic/phonetic) but unrelated meaning. ... Rime tables, as used in Chinese character dictionaries, show characters listed by their onsets, rimes, grades of rime, and tones, but not necessarily in that order. ... In the study of phonology in linguistics, the rime or rhyme of a syllable consists of a nucleus and an optional coda. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Tone (linguistics). ... In phonetics and phonology, a syllable onset is the part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus. ...

The Kangxi Dictionary is available in many forms, from old Qing Dynasty editions in block printing, to reprints in traditional Chinese bookbinding, to modern revised editions with essays in Western hardcover, to the digitized Net Version. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Woodblock printing. ... An example of a stitched bound book. ... A hardcover (or hardback or hardbound) book is bound with rigid protective covers (typically of cardboard covered with cloth or heavy paper) and a stitched spine. ...

Structure of the Kangxi dictionary

See also the 康熙字典網上版 Kangxi Dictionary Net Version:

• Preface by Kangxi Emperor : pp. 1-6 (御製序)
• Notes on the use of the dictionary : pp. 7-12 (凡例)
• Indication of pronuciation of characters : pp. 13-40 (等韻)
• Comprehensive table of contents by radicals : pp. 41-49 (總目)
• Facilitated consulting contents : pp. 50-71 (检字)

• The dictionary proper : pp. 75-1631
  • Main text : pp. 75-1538
  • Addendum contents : pp. 1539-1544 (補遺)
  • Addendum text : pp. 1545-1576
  • Appendix contents (No-source-characters) : pp. 1577-1583 (備考)
  • Appendix text : pp. 1585-1631
• Postscript : pp. 1633-1635 (后记)
• Textual research : pp. 1637-1683 (考证)

The Kangxi Emperor (Chinese: 康熙; Pinyin: Kāngxī; Wade-Giles: Kang-hsi; May 4, 1654 – December 20, 1722) was the third Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over all of China, from 1661 to 1722. ...

See also

• List of Kangxi radicals

The following is a list of all 214 Kangxi radicals, used originally in the 1716 Kangxi dictionary, in order of the number of strokes along with some examples of characters containing them. ...

References

• Teng, Ssu-yü and Biggerstaff, Knight. 1971. An Annotated Bibliography of Selected Chinese Reference Works, 3rd ed. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. ISBN: 0674038517

External links

• 康熙字典網上版 Kangxi Dictionary Net Version
• Kangxi zidian 康熙字典, Chinaknowledge