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Kano is the administrative center of the Kano State and the third largest city in Nigeria, with a population of 3.626.204 (2005), after Lagos and Ibadan.
Kano grew to be a prosperous centre for trans-Saharan trade in gold, leather, ivory, salt and slaves, perhaps reaching the height of its wealth and power in the 14th Century, when Islam gained a growing following.
According to the Kano Chronicle, the thirty-seventh Sarkin Kano (King of Kano) was Mohammed Sharef (1703–1731).
His grandfather was a self-made man, a sake brewer from Shiga prefecture in central Japan; however, Kano's father was not the eldest son and did not inherit the business, but instead became a Shinto priest and government official, with enough influence for his son to enter the second incoming class of Tokyo Imperial University.
Kano was a small, frail boy, who, even in his twenties, did not weigh more than a hundred pounds, and was often picked on by bullies.
Kano saw jujutsu as a disconnected bag of tricks, and sought to unify it according to some principle: he found it in the notion of "maximum efficiency".