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Encyclopedia > Karakum Desert

The Karakum Desert, also spelled Kara-Kum and Gara Gum (“Black Sand”) (Turkmen: Garagum, Russian: Каракумы) is a desert in Central Asia. It occupies about 70 percent, or 350,000 km², of the area of Turkmenistan. The population is sparse, with an average of one person per 6.5 km² (one person per 2.5 sq miles). Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ...

Contents

Location

It lies east of the Caspian Sea, with the Aral Sea to the north and the Amu Darya river and the Kyzyl Kum desert to the northeast. The Caspian Sea (Russian: Каспийское море; Kazakh: Каспий теңізі; Turkmen: Hazar deňizi; Azeri: XÉ™zÉ™r dÉ™nizi; Persian: دریای خزر Daryā-ye Khazar) is the largest lake on Earth by area[2], with a surface area of 371,000 square kilometers (143,244 sq mi) and a volume of 78,200 cubic kilometers (18... The Aral Sea (Kazakh: Арал Теңізі (Aral Tengizi), Uzbek: , Russian Аральскοе мοре) is a landlocked endorheic sea in Central Asia; it lies between Kazakhstan in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south. ... The Amu Darya (Darya means river) rises in the Pamirs and flows mainly north-west through the Hindu Kush, Uzbekistan to join the Aral Sea in a large delta. ... The Kyzyl Kum (Uzbek: red sand; also called Qyzylqum) is a desert in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. ...


Hydrography

The Murghab and Tejen rivers flow out of the Hindu Kush Mountains to the south and empty into the desert, providing water for irrigation. The Murgab River (also spelt Morghab River; Russian Мургаб) is a 850km long river in central Asia. ... The Hari Rud is a river flowing from the mountains of central Afghanistan to Turkmenistan, where it disappears in the Kara-Kum desert. ... The Hindu Kush or Hindukush (هندوکش in Persian) is a mountain range in Afghanistan as well as in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. ...


The desert is crossed by the largest irrigation canal in the world, the Qaraqum Canal. The canal was started in 1954, is 1,375 km in length, and carries 13-20 km³ of water annually. Unfortunately, leakages from the canal have created lakes and ponds along the canal and the rise in groundwater has caused widespread soil salination. The Canal du Midi, Toulouse, France Canals are artificial channels for water. ... The Qaraqum Canal (formerly called the Karakumsky Kanal) is the largest irrigation and water supply canal in the world. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Groundwater is water located beneath the ground surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of geologic formations. ... Visible salt deposits on the former bed of the Aral Sea Soil salination is the accumulation of free salts to such an extent that it leads to degradation of soils and vegetation. ...


Economy and resources

The oases of Mary and Tejen are noted for cotton growing. ‹ The template below (Expand) is being considered for deletion. ... Mary is a city of Turkmenistan, capital of the Mary Province. ... Tejen (or Tedzhen) is an oasis city in the Karakum Desert, in Ahal Province of Turkmenistan. ... Cotton ready for harvest. ...


Geology

The Karakum Desert is home to the Darwasa Gas Craters.


The area has significant oil and natural gas deposits. Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Lubbock, Texas Ignacy Łukasiewicz - inventor of the refining of kerosene from crude oil. ... Natural gas is a gaseous fossil fuel consisting primarily of methane but including significant quantities of ethane, butane, propane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium and hydrogen sulfide. ...


Transportation

The desert is crossed by the Trans-Caspian railway. The Trans-Caspian railway (later called the Central Asiatic Railway) is a railway that follows the path of the Silk Road through much of western Central Asia. ...


See also

External links

  • TravelBlog Darwasa Craters: Entrance to Hell

  Results from FactBites:
 
Karakum Desert - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (246 words)
It lies east of the Caspian Sea, with the Aral Sea to the north and the Amu Darya river and Qyzyl-Qum desert to the northeast.
The desert is crossed by the largest irrigation canal in the world, the Qaraqum Canal.
The desert is crossed by the Trans-Caspian railway.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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