Engagements Black Saturday – Karantina – Damour – Tel al-Zaatar – Sabra and Shatila – The Camps Combatants Lebanese Front Syrian Army LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The multi-sided Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) had its origin in the conflicts and political compromises after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire and was exacerbated by the nation... Combatants Israel South Lebanon Army LF (nominally neutral) PLO Syria Amal LCP Commanders Menachem Begin (Prime Minister) Ariel Sharon, (Ministry of Defence) Rafael Eitan, (CoS) Yasser Arafat Strength 76,000 37,000 Casualties 670 9,800 The 1982 Lebanon War (Hebrew: , Milkhemet Levanon, Milkhemet Levanon, Arabic: ‎), called by Israel the... Black Saturday was a series of massacres and armed clashes in Beirut, that occurred in the first stages of the Lebanese Civil War. ... The Karantina Massacre took place during the Lebanese Civil War on January 18, 1976. ... The Damour massacre took place on 9 January, 1976 during the 1975-1990 Lebanese Civil War. ... The Tel al-Zaatar Massacre took place during the Lebanese Civil War on August 12, 1976. ... Combatants Lebanese Phalangist No combatants Commanders Elie Hobeika No commander Strength 150 irregulars Unarmed civilian population Casualties 2 700 - 3,500 civilians The Sabra and Shatila massacre (or Sabra and Chatila massacre; Arabic: صبرا وشاتيلا) was carried out in September 1982 by Lebanese Maronite Christian militias against refugee camps. ... The War of the Camps was a subconflict within the Lebanese Civil War in which Palestinian refugee camps were besieged by the Shiite Amal militia. ...
The Karantina massacre took place during the Lebanese Civil War on January 18, 1976. Combatants Lebanese Front Syrian Army LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The multi-sided Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) had its origin in the conflicts and political compromises after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire and was exacerbated by the nation... January 18 is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ...
Lebanese Civil War January 18, 1976 Saturday Karantina massacre More than 1000 civilians were massacred.
Harris (p. 162) notes "the massacre of 1,500 Palestinians, Shi'is, and others in Karantina and Maslakh, and the revenge killings of hundreds of Christians in Damur".
This page gives the number of victims as "more than 1000 civilians".
This page says that "up to 1000 were killed" and also notes the connection to Damour.
Literature
William Harris, Faces of Lebanon. Sects, Wars, and Global Extensions (Markus Wiener Publishers, Princeton, USA 1996)
The 1982 massacre at Sabra and Shatila is commonly, and for good reasons, believed to be the work product of Lebanese Forces/Phalange militia thugs commanded by Elias Hobeika, who was the LF intelligence chief with an enhanced authority after the assassination of the LF founder and Lebanese president-elect Bashir Jumayel.
The 1982 massacre at Sabra and Shatila was not the only one in the sorrowful events of the seventies and eighties that turned Lebanon from a free country into a satellite of a totalitarian regime.
The ghosts of Sabra and the other massacres, complete with the spirits of their innocent victims, that count in the tens of thousands, will continue to haunt Lebanon and the international consciousness until the criminals are duly charged, apprehended, tried, and if found guilty, appropriately sentenced.
Karantina was a strategically situated slum district in Beirut controlled by forces from the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), but inhabited mainly by Kurds and Armenians, as well as some Lebanese and PalestinianMuslims.
Karantina was overrun by Christian militias with Syrian backing, and a large number of civilians massacred.
The massacre is often cited as a motive behind the Palestinian-led massacres in Damour, and together, the two atrocities prompted many Muslims and Christians to flee their home areas in Beirut to relocate in areas held by their own sects.
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