Friedrich Karl Ferdinand, Freiherr von Müffling, called Weiss (June 12, 1775 - January 10, 1851), Prussian generalfeldmarschall, entered the Prussian army in 1790. June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ... Events February 9 - American Revolutionary War: British Parliament declares Massachusetts in rebellion March 23 - American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his speech - give me liberty or give me death in Williamsburg, Virginia. ... January 10 is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January 23 - The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in Oregon is named after Boston, Massachusetts, or Portland, Maine, with Portland winning. ... The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 The word Prussia ( German: Preußen or Preussen, Polish: Prusy, Lithuanian: Prūsai, Latin: Borussia) has had various (often contradictory) meanings: The land of the Baltic Prussians (in what is now parts of southern Lithuania, the Kaliningrad exclave of Russia and... Generalfeldmarschall (General Field Marshal, usually translated simply as Field Marshal, and sometimes written only as Feldmarschall) was a rank in the armies of several German states and also of the Holy Roman Empire and Austrian Empire which could be granted to active officers only in wartime. ... 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1799 he contributed to a military dictionary edited by Lieutenant W von Leipziger, and in the winter of 1802-1803, being then a subaltern, he was appointed to the newly-formed general staff as quartermaster-lieutenant. He had already done survey work, and was now charged with survey duties under the astronomer FX von Zach (1754-1832). In 1805, when in view of a war with France the army was placed on a war footing, Müffling was promoted captain and assigned to the general staffs, successively, of General von Wartensleben, Prince Hohenlohe and Blücher. 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... A subaltern is a military term for a junior officer. ... Franz Xaver, Baron Von Zach Baron Franz Xaver von Zach (Franz Xaver Freiherr von Zach) (June 4, 1754 - September 2, 1832) was a German/Hungarian astronomer born at Pest. ... The French Republic or France (French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. ... Prince Chlodwig Karl Victor zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst ( 31 March 1819– 6 July 1901) was a German statesman and Chancellor of the German Empire. ... Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher ( December 16, 1742 in Rostock ( Mecklenburg) - September 12, 1819) in Krieblowitz ( Silesia), count, later elevated Prince of Wahlstatt, was a Prussian general who led his army against Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. ...

In 1806 he served under Hohenlohe, the duke of Saxe-Weimar, and Blücher, and was included in the capitulation of the latter's corps at Rattkau, after which he entered the civil service of the duke of Weimar. He rejoined the army on the outbreak of the War of Liberation in 1813, and was placed on the headquarters staff of the army of Silesia. His business qualities and common sense were greatly valued, though the temperamental differences between Müffling and Gneisenau often led to friction, especially as the former was in a measure the representative of the antiquated topographical school of strategists, to whom (rightly in the main) the disaster of Jena was attributed. In the interval between the first occupation of Paris and the Hundred Days, Müffling served as chief of the staff to the Russian general Barclay de Tolly and to General Kleist von Nollendorf. He was Prussian commissioner at the Duke of Wellington's headquarters in the Waterloo campaign, and was involved in the various controversies which centred round the events of June 16, 1815. Events January 8 - Cape Colony becomes a British colony January 10 - Dutch in Cape Town surrender to the British January 19 - The United Kingdom occupies the Cape of Good Hope February 6 - Royal Navy victory off Santo Domingo - see:Action of 6 February 1806 March 23 - After traveling through the... A War of Liberation is a conflict which is primarily intended to bring freedom or independence to a nation or group. ... August Wilhelm Anton, Count Neithardt von Gneisenau ( 27 October 1760 - 24 August 1831) was a Prussian field marshal. ... The Battle of Jena was fought on October 14, 1806, in Jena, in todays Germany, and resulted in a French victory under Napoleon Bonaparte against the Prussians under General Hohenlohe. ... For information about the legislative programs of Franklin D. Roosevelt, see New Deal. ... Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly, called by the Russians Mikhail Bogdanovich, Prince Barclay de Tolly (Михаил Богданович Барклай-де-Толли) (1761 - 1818), Russian field marshal, was born in Livonia, a descendant of a Scottish family which had settled in Russia in the 17th century. ... Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1 May 1769–14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and statesman, widely considered one of the leading military and political figures of the 19th century. ... For information about the legislative programs of Franklin D. Roosevelt, see New Deal. ... June 16 is the 167th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (168th in leap years), with 198 days remaining. ... 1815 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

After the final fall of Napoleon he served on the staff of the army of occupation in France and was for some months military governor of Paris. He spent a part of his time on the Rhine in survey work, and was employed by Frederick William III in various diplomatic missions. In 1821 he became chief of the general staff at Berlin, and though he has been accused of indulging his taste for topographical work at the expense of training for war, his work was not wasted, for he gave an excellent organization to the general staff, and executed elaborate and useful surveys. In 1829 he visited Constantinople and St Petersburg in connection with negotiations for peace between Russia and Turkey. He took a prominent part in the military and civil history of Prussia, and from 1838-1847 was governor of Berlin. Failing health compelled his retirement in the latter year, and he died on the 10th of January 1851, at his estate of Ringhofen near Berlin. For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... The Eiffel Tower has become the symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... The Rhine canyon (Ruinaulta) in Graubünden in Switzerland Length 1. ... Frederick William III Frederick William III, known in German as Friedrich Wilhelm III, reigned as king of Prussia from 1797 to 1840. ... Events February 23 - The Philadelphia College of Apothecaries founds the first pharmacy college. ... Map of Constantinople. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... The Republic of Turkey is a country located in Southwest Asia with a small part of its territory (3%) in southeastern Europe. ... Berlin (pronounced: , German ) is the capital of Germany and its largest city, with 3,387,404 inhabitants (as of September 2004); down from 4. ...

Under the initials of C(arl) von W(eiss), he wrote various important works on military art and history:

• Operations plan der preuss-sdchs. Armee 1800 (Weimar, 1807)
• marginalia on the archduke Charles's Grundsätze der höheren Kriegskunst für die Generäle der österreichischen Armee
• marginalia on Rühle von Lilienstern's Bericht über die Vorgänge bei der Hohenloheschen Armée 1806
• Die preussisch-russische Kampagne bis sum Waffenstilistande 1813 (Berlin, 1813)
• Geschichte der Armeen unter Wellington und Blücher 1819 (Stuttgart, 1817)
• Zur Kriegsgesch. der Jahre 1813-1814: die Feldziege der schlesischen Armee von des Beendigung des Waffenstilistandes bis zur Eroberung von Paris (Berlin, 1824)
• Betrachtungen ieber die grossen Operasionen und Schlachten 1813-1815 (Berlin, 1825)
• Napoleons Strategie 1813 (Berlin, 1827)
• an essay on the Roman roads on the lower Rhine (Berlin, 1834).

Müffling was also the inventor of a system of hachuring for maps. His reminiscences, Aus meinem Leben, were published at Berlin in 1851.

Notes

• Note regarding personal names: Freiherr is a title, usually translated Baron, not a first or middle name.

This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. Freiherr (German for Free Lord) is a title of lower nobility in Germany, considered equal to the title Baron. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica ( 1911) in many ways represents the sum of knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century. ...