Memorial plaque to Olszewski and Wróblewski in Kraków
In 1883 Olszewski, Zygmunt Wróblewski and Karol Sitarski were the first to liquefy oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in a stable state (not, as had been the case up to then, in a dynamic state in the transitional form as vapour).
Olszewski studied at the Faculties of Mathematics and Physics, and of Chemistry and Biology at the Jagiellonian University.
When he was offered the chair of the Faculty of Physics at the Jagiellonian University, he came to Kraków, where he began to study gases and soon began working with KarolOlszewski.
In 1888, while working on the physical properties of hydrogen, Wróblewski upset a kerosene lamp and was heavily burned, dying soon afterwards at a Kraków hospital.
KarolOlszewski continued the experiments using an improved Picket cascade apparatus, and utilizing carbon dioxide, boiling ethylene in vacuum, as well as boiling nitrogen and boiling air as cooling agents.
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