"Kashmir" is a song by the English rock band Led Zeppelin from their 1975 album Physical Graffiti. For other uses, see Song (disambiguation). ... For the bands 1969 eponymous debut album, see Led Zeppelin (album). ... An album or record album is a collection of related audio or music tracks distributed to the public. ... Back cover Physical Graffiti is the sixth album, a double album by the English hard rock band Led Zeppelin. ... is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Hard Rock redirects here. ... In the music industry, a record label is a brand and a trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. ... Swan Song Records was a record label launched by Led Zeppelin on May 10, 1974. ... A songwriter is someone who writes the lyrics to songs, the musical composition or melody to songs, or both. ... For the Scottish football (soccer) player, see Jimmy Page (footballer). ... Robert Anthony Plant (born August 20, 1948, West Bromwich, West Midlands, England), is an English rock singer and songwriter, famous for his membership in the rock band Led Zeppelin as the lead vocalist, as well as for his successful solo career. ... John Henry Bonzo Bonham (May 31, 1948 – September 25, 1980) was an English drummer and member of the English rock band Led Zeppelin. ... In the music industry, a record producer (or music producer) has many roles, among them controlling the recording sessions, coaching and guiding the musicians, organizing and scheduling production budget and resources, and supervising the recording, mixing and mastering processes. ... For the Scottish football (soccer) player, see Jimmy Page (footballer). ... Back cover Physical Graffiti is the sixth album, a double album by the English hard rock band Led Zeppelin. ... Trampled Under Foot (also sometimes seen as Trampled Underfoot) is a song by English rock group Led Zeppelin, featured on their 1975 album Physical Graffiti. ... In The Light is a song by British rock band Led Zeppelin on their album Physical Graffiti. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This article is about the genre. ... For the bands 1969 eponymous debut album, see Led Zeppelin (album). ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Back cover Physical Graffiti is the sixth album, a double album by the English hard rock band Led Zeppelin. ...

Overview

"Kashmir" is considered to be one of Led Zeppelin's most successful songs; all four band members have agreed that it is to date one of their best musical achievements.^[1] John Paul Jones suggested that it showcases all of the elements that made up the Led Zeppelin sound,^[2] while Robert Plant cites it as his favorite Led Zeppelin song overall. In an interview he gave to Rolling Stone magazine in 1988, Plant stated that "Kashmir" was "the definitive Led Zeppelin song." He also said in an audio documentary that he loved this song not only because of its intensity but also because it was so intense without being considered "heavy metal", a label no one in the band liked. During a television interview in January 2008, Plant named "Kashmir" as his first choice of all Led Zeppelin songs that he would perform, commenting "I'm most proud of that one".^[3] John Paul Jones (born John Baldwin on January 3, 1946 in Sidcup, Kent) is an English multi-instrumentalist musician, and was known for being the bassist, the keyboardist and the mandolinist for rock band Led Zeppelin from its inception until the bands breakup following the death of John Bonham... Robert Anthony Plant (born August 20, 1948, West Bromwich, West Midlands, England), is an English rock singer and songwriter, famous for his membership in the rock band Led Zeppelin as the lead vocalist, as well as for his successful solo career. ... This article is about the magazine. ... Heavy metals, in chemistry, are chemical elements of a particular range of atomic weights. ...

The song is centered around a signature chord progression guitar riff, which first appeared on Page's home-studio work tapes.^[2] It was initially a tuning, an extension of a guitar-cycle that Page had been working on for years. This was the same cycle that would produce "Black Mountain Side", "White Summer" and the unreleased track, "Swan-song".^[2] As bass player and keyboardist John Paul Jones had been late for the recording sessions, Page used the time to work on the riff with drummer John Bonham. The two demoed it late in 1973.^[4] Plant later added the middle section and in early 1974 Jones added all the string parts.^[2][4] Black Mountain Side is a song by English rock band Led Zeppelin, featured on their 1969 debut album Led Zeppelin. ... White Summer is a song by English rock guitarist Jimmy Page. ... John Paul Jones (born John Baldwin on January 3, 1946 in Sidcup, Kent) is an English multi-instrumentalist musician, and was known for being the bassist, the keyboardist and the mandolinist for rock band Led Zeppelin from its inception until the bands breakup following the death of John Bonham... John Henry Bonzo Bonham (May 31, 1948 – September 25, 1980) was an English drummer and member of the English rock band Led Zeppelin. ... For other uses, see demo. ...

The guitar was played in an alternative guitar tuning: the strings are tuned to 'Open Dsus4' or DADGAD. The body of the song also has a different beat between the guitars and the drums. The drums play the standard 4/4 time signature with a double stroke on the bass drum, while the guitars create tension by playing against it in [implied] 3/4 time.^[5] Drummer John Bonham has been cited as the source for the main 3/4 riff and has an official credit as co-songwriter. Bonham's drums feature a phasing effect courtesy of an early Eventide phaser supplied by engineer Ron Nevison.^[6] Plant has stated that Bonham's drumming is the key to the song: "It was what he didn't do that made it work."^[2] Wikibooks Guitar has a page on the topic of Tuning the Guitar Guitar tuning is any of several techniques of pitch adjustment on the individual strings of a guitar in order to achieve a prescribed arrangement of notes from the open (unfretted) strings. ... DADGAD, or D modal tuning gets its name from the tuning of the guitar strings. ... John Henry Bonzo Bonham (May 31, 1948 – September 25, 1980) was an English drummer and member of the English rock band Led Zeppelin. ...

The song also includes many distinctive musical patterns of classical Moroccan, Indian, and Middle Eastern music. Orchestral brass and strings with electric guitar and mellotron strings are used in the song. This is one of the few Zeppelin songs to use outside musicians. Session players were brought in for the string and horn sections.^[4] According to Jones, "The secret of successful keyboard string parts is to play only the parts that a real string section would play. That is, one line for the First Violins, one line for Second Violins, one for Violas, one for Cellos, one for Basses. Some divided parts [two or more notes to a line] are allowed, but keep them to a minimum. Think melodically."^[7] The Mellotron is an electro-mechanical, polyphonic keyboard originally developed and built in Birmingham, England in the early 1960s. ...

Originally called "Driving to Kashmir", the lyrics to the song were written by Plant in 1973 while driving from Goulimine to Tantan in the Sahara Desert, Morocco, immediately after Led Zeppelin's 1973 US Tour.^[2][4] This was despite the fact that the song is named for Kashmir, a region in the northernmost part of the Indian subcontinent.^[8] As Plant explained to rock journalist Cameron Crowe: Coca-Cola car in Tan-Tan Tan-Tan (Arabic: ‎) is a city in southern Morocco. ... The Sahara is the worlds second largest desert (second to Antarctica), over 9,000,000 km² (3,500,000 mi²), located in northern Africa and is 2. ... Led Zeppelins 1973 North American Tour was the ninth concert tour of North America by the English rock band. ... Kashmir (or Cashmere) may refer to: Kashmir region, the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent India, Kashmir conflict, the territorial dispute between India, Pakistan, and the China over the Kashmir region. ... Map of South Asia (see note) This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia. ... Cameron Bruce Crowe (born July 13, 1957) is an Academy Award winning American writer and film director. ...

The song runs for 8:28, a length that radio stations usually consider too long to play. However, upon its release radio stations had no problem playing "Kashmir", especially after seeing "Stairway to Heaven", which was almost as long, do so well. (Original LP releases of Physical Graffiti incorrectly list the song's length as 9:41.) All My Love is a song on English rock band Led Zeppelins 1979 album, In Through The Out Door. ... In The Light is a song by British rock band Led Zeppelin on their album Physical Graffiti. ... This article is about the Led Zeppelin song. ...

"Kashmir" was played live at every Led Zeppelin concert from its debut in 1975. One live version, from Led Zeppelin's performance at Knebworth in 1979, is featured on disc 2 of the Led Zeppelin DVD. "Kashmir" was performed at Led Zeppelin's reunion show at the O2 Arena, London on December 10, 2007. Poster for a Led Zeppelin concert at Oakland Coliseum, July 1977 Throughout the late 1960s and 1970s, English rock group Led Zeppelin was one of the worlds most popular live music attractions, making numerous concert tours of the United States, the United Kingdom and Europe in particular. ... Knebworth 1979 were two concerts performed by the English rock band Led Zeppelin at Knebworth House, Stevenage, England, in August 1979. ... Led Zeppelin is a double digital versatile disc (DVD) set by the English rock band Led Zeppelin. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Millennium Dome. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

Led Zeppelin expert Dave Lewis describes "Kashmir" as:

Other versions

• Following Bonham's death, the surviving members of Led Zeppelin performed "Kashmir" at the Atlantic Records 40th anniversary party in 1988, at Madison Square Garden in New York, with John's son Jason Bonham on drums.

• Page and Plant recorded another version in 1994, released on their album No Quarter: Jimmy Page and Robert Plant Unledded. For this arrangement they added an orchestra and Moroccan musicians.

• The song's undercurrent of Arabic rhythm led to a cover version by Ofra Haza, a song previously unreleased on her 1995 album "Queen in Exile", but later released in 2003 on the album "Greatest Hits - Volume 2". Another version was also recorded on the 1995 single "Mata Hari".

• Progressive rock band the Dixie Dregs have a live instrumental version of "Kashmir", with guitarist Steve Morse playing Robert Plant's vocal melody on guitar.

• Also Finnish Progressive Rock band Five Fifteen have recorded "Kashmir". It was released on Spinefarm HardCovers compilation in 2004.

• The tune was heavily sampled by Sean "Puffy" Combs (now known as Diddy) in his song "Come With Me" from the soundtrack to the movie Godzilla (1998), which featured live guitar parts from Tom Morello (who also used parts reminiscent of "Kashmir" in Rage Against The Machine's "Wake Up). Jimmy Page, who endorsed Combs' adaptation, appears in the video and also played it with him on Saturday Night Live. Snippets of the song were used in the X Factor series 3 and in the German TV show TV Total.

• An orchestral version of the song was arranged by Jaz Coleman and recorded by the London Philharmonic Orchestra.

• Led Zeppelin parody cover band Dread Zeppelin recorded a version of this song on their album Hot & Spicy Beanburger.

• Kevin Gilbert recorded a version for his album, Thud.

• Canadian hip-hop/rap artist Saukrates played the electric violin in an instrumental version, both as the opening and closing songs on his tour as an opening act for Nelly Furtado's 2007 Loose tour.

• The classical crossover string quartet Bond covers it on their album entitled Shine.

• On his live album Live A L'Olympia, Jeff Buckley plays a snatch of Kashmir at high speed with a comic falsetto voice, saying "I used to play Led Zeppelin, you know it's a 33rpm thing, you play it at 45? It was cool."

• An acoustic version on Kashmir was recorded by the German-born Nouveau Flamenco guitarist Ottmar Liebert, featured in the "Best of Ottmar Liebert" compilation.

Atlantic Records (Atlantic Recording Corporation) is an American record label, and operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Music Group. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... Madison Square Garden, often abbreviated as MSG, and known colloquially simply as The Garden, has been the name of four arenas in New York City. ... This article is about the state. ... Jason Bonham (born July 13, 1966) is an English drummer and son of legendary Led Zeppelin drummer John Bonham. ... Page and Plant is the name that Jimmy Page and Robert Plant, both formerly of Led Zeppelin, recorded and toured under in the mid-1990s. ... Ofra Haza (‎, IPA: ) (November 19, 1957 – February 23, 2000) was a popular Israeli singer, actress and international recording artist. ... For the Swedish political music movement, see progg. ... Dixie Dregs is a progressive rock band formed in the 1970s. ... Steve Morse Steven J. Morse is a rock guitarist and guitar virtuoso, best known for his position as guitarist in the Dixie Dregs and Deep Purple. ... Spinefarm Records is a Helsinki, Finland based record label focusing mainly on heavy metal artists. ... This article is about reusing existing sound recordings in creating new works. ... Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969[1]) is an American record producer, CEO, clothing designer, actor, and rapper. ... Come with Me is a song by Puff Daddy associated with 1998s Godzilla film. ... Godzilla is an American science fiction film directed by Roland Emmerich and starred Matthew Broderick, Jean Reno, Maria Pitillo, Hank Azaria, Michael Lerner and Kevin Dunn. ... Tom Morello (born May 30, 1964, as Thomas Baptist Morello) is a Grammy Award-winning American guitarist of the band Rage Against the Machine. ... Rage Against the Machine is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1991. ... Wake Up is a song performed by the rock band Rage Against the Machine. ... For the Scottish football (soccer) player, see Jimmy Page (footballer). ... The third UK series of The X Factor was broadcast on the ITV Network in the United Kingdom and TV3 in the Republic of Ireland. ... TV total is a German late night television comedy talk show that has run since March 8, 1999, on Pro 7 and is currently aired from Monday to Thursday at 22:15 CET. Created, produced and hosted by Stefan Raab, TV total particularly makes fun of some of the funniest... Jaz Coleman on the cover of the Killing Joke album Brighter than a Thousand Suns. ... The London Philharmonic Orchestra (LPO), based in London, is one of the major orchestras of the United Kingdom. ... Dread Zeppelin is an American band best known for covering the songs of Led Zeppelin in a reggae style sung by an Elvis Presley impersonator named Tortelvis, though their act now encompasses many other songs and other styles of music. ... Kevin Gilbert (November 20, 1966 - May 17, 1996) was an American musician, born in Sacramento, California. ... Saukrates debut album. ... Nelly Kim Furtado (born December 2, 1978) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, record producer, and instrumentalist, who also holds Portuguese citizenship. ... Look up loose in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... bond is an Australian/British string quartet that specialize in classical crossover music. ... Flamenco Nuevo (New Flamenco) is synonymous with contemporary flamenco and is a modern derivitave of traditional flamenco (see the cafés cantantés period, and Rámon Montoya (1880-1949)). Although the most important early pioneers of modern flamenco are widely accepted to be the guitarist Paco de Lucía... Ottmar Liebert in 1997. ...

Cultural references

• In the movie Fast Times At Ridgemont High, Mike Damone (Robert Romanus) tells Mark Ratner (Brian Backer) to always play side 1 of Led Zeppelin IV when he's on a date. In the next scene, he is on the date with "Kashmir" playing in the car. Mark therefore "blows" the date, since he plays the wrong Led Zeppelin album. In actuality, Universal Pictures couldn't get the rights to any of the songs on Led Zeppelin IV, despite screenwriter Cameron Crowe's prior relationship to the band, so they opted to use "Kashmir" instead.

• The lyrics to "Kashmir" are featured in the movie Ocean's Twelve. Matt Damon's character quotes the first two lines of the song in a scene with George Clooney, Brad Pitt, and Robbie Coltrane. The other three men say seemingly non-sensical phrases and upon Matt Damon's turn he does not know what to say so he quotes "Oh, let the sun beat down upon my face/stars to fill my dream/I am a traveler of both time and space/to be where I have been." After Pitt, Clooney and Damon leave the restaurant where the scene took place, Pitt gives Damon a derisive look and sarcastically says "Kashmir?"

• Drummer Roger Taylor cited that Queen's own epic track "Innuendo" was heavily influenced by this song. On the video "Champions of the World," he described the song as "Oscar Wilde meets Led Zeppelin." Robert Plant incorporated a fragment of the song in his performance of Innuendo with Queen at the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert.

• The song was featured (again without lyrics) for the final round of the Irish game show 'It's a Family Affair' which was hosted by comedian Dara Ó Briain.

• The song is the introductory music of the Philadelphia Phillies 2nd basemen, Chase Utley.

• Kashmir is used as the theme music for Epic Games' Unreal Tournament video game.

Ridgemont High School redirects here. ... Robert Romanus (b. ... Brian Backer (b. ... The untitled fourth album of English rock band Led Zeppelin was released on November 8, 1971. ... Universal Pictures is the main motion picture production/distribution arm of Universal Studios, a subsidiary of NBC Universal. ... The untitled fourth album of English rock band Led Zeppelin was released on November 8, 1971. ... Cameron Bruce Crowe (born July 13, 1957) is an Academy Award winning American writer and film director. ... Oceans Twelve is a 2004 film that takes place after the events of the 2001 movie Oceans Eleven. ... Matthew Paige Matt Damon (born October 8, 1970) is an American screenwriter and actor. ... George Timothy Clooney (born May 6, 1961) is an American actor, director, producer and screenwriter who gained fame as one of the lead doctors in the long-running television drama, ER (1994–99), as Anthony Edwardss best friend and partner, Dr. Douglas Doug Ross, but is best known for... William Bradley Brad Pitt (born December 18, 1963) is an Academy award-nominated American actor, film producer, and social activist. ... For the jazz saxophonist, see Ravi Coltrane. ... Matthew Paige Matt Damon (born October 8, 1970) is an American screenwriter and actor. ... For the comic book character, see Drummer (comics). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Queen are an English rock band formed in 1971 in London by guitarist Brian May, lead vocalist Freddie Mercury, and drummer Roger Taylor, with bassist John Deacon joining the following year. ... Innuendo is a song by English rock band Queen. ... Oscar Fingal OFlahertie Wills Wilde (October 16, 1854 – November 30, 1900) was an Irish playwright, novelist, poet, and author of short stories. ... An open air concert on Easter Monday, April 20th 1992 at Londons Wembley Stadium, televised live to over one billion people. ... Dara Ó Briain (IPA: , February 4, 1972- ) is an Irish comedian and television presenter. ... Major league affiliations National League (1883–present) East Division (1969–present) Current uniform Retired Numbers 1, 14, 20, 32, 36, 42 Name Philadelphia Phillies (1884–present) Philadelphia Quakers (1883-1889) (Also referred to as Blue Jays 1943-1945 despite formal name remaining Phillies) Other nicknames The Phils, The Phightin Phils... Chase Cameron Utley (born December 17, 1978, in Pasadena, California) is a baseball player second baseman for the Philadelphia Phillies. ... Unreal Tournament, abbreviated UT, (sometimes referred to as UT99, UT Classic, UT1, or UT:GOTY to differentiate from Unreal Tournament 2003, Unreal Tournament 2004, and Unreal Tournament 3) is a popular first-person shooter video game. ...

Sources

• Led Zeppelin: Dazed and Confused: The Stories Behind Every Song, by Chris Welch, ISBN 1-56025-818-7
• The Complete Guide to the Music of Led Zeppelin, by Dave Lewis, ISBN 0-7119-3528-9

References

Cameron Bruce Crowe (born July 13, 1957) is an Academy Award winning American writer and film director. ... Complete Studio Recordings is a ten compact disc box set by English rock group Led Zeppelin, released by Atlantic Records on September 24, 1993. ... The All Music Guide (AMG) is a metadata database about music, owned by All Media Guide. ... is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 343rd day of the year (344th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Review: All Music Guide