?Katsura
Katsura (C. japonicum) trunk and foliage
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Saxifragales Family: Cercidiphyllaceae Genus: Cercidiphyllum Siebold & Zucc. Species: C. japonicum C. magnificum
Binomial name
Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold & Zucc.
Cercidiphyllum magnificum Nakai

"great Katsura of Wachi"

Katsura (Cercidiphyllum) is a genus of two species of plants, the sole members of the Cercidiphyllaceae, making that family monotypic. They are native to eastern Asia, in Japan (Honshū and Hokkaido) and China (Shanxi southwest to Sichuan and east to Zhejiang). Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae Chlorophyta Charophyta Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta - rhyniophytes †Zosterophyllophyta - zosterophylls Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses †Trimerophytophyta - trimerophytes Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also called angiosperms) are the dominant and most familiar group of land plants. ... Magnoliopsida is the botanical name for a class: this name is formed by replacing the termination -aceae in the name Magnoliaceae by the termination -opsida (Art 16 of the ICBN). ... Families See text. ... statue in Akashicho (near Tsukiji), chuo-ku,Tokyo Japan Philipp Franz Balthasar von Siebold (February 17, 1796 in Würzburg - October 18, 1866 in Munich) was a German physician. ... Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini (10 August 1797 - 18 February 1848) was a German botanist, Professor of Botany at the University of München. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ... statue in Akashicho (near Tsukiji), chuo-ku,Tokyo Japan Philipp Franz Balthasar von Siebold (February 17, 1796 in Würzburg - October 18, 1866 in Munich) was a German physician. ... Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini (10 August 1797 - 18 February 1848) was a German botanist, Professor of Botany at the University of München. ... Divisions Green algae Chlorophyta Charophyta Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta - rhyniophytes †Zosterophyllophyta - zosterophylls Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses †Trimerophytophyta - trimerophytes Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta... Monotypic refers to a taxonomic group with only one subgroup at the next (smaller) taxonomic level, for example, a monotypic genus has only one species. ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... HonshÅ« (本州 Literally Main State) is the largest island of Japan, called the Mainland; it is south of Hokkaido across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyushu across the Kanmon Strait. ... For the dog breed, see Hokkaido (dog). ... Shanxi (Chinese: 山西; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal System Pinyin: Shansi) is a province in the northern part of the Peoples Republic of China. ... (Chinese: 四川; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ssu-ch`uan; Postal Pinyin: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in central-western China with its capital at Chengdu. ... Zhejiang (also spelled Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ...

The type species, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, can reach 40-45 m tall and have trunks to 2 m diameter, and is among the largest hardwood trees in Asia. The other species, Cercidiphyllum magnificum, is much smaller, rarely reaching over 10 m in height. Cercidiphyllum is dimorphic, producing two types of leaves. The juvenile leaves are borne opposite each other, whereas the mature leaves are borne single on short-shoot spurs. Juvenile leaves are ovate in shape with cordate or heart-shaped bases; mature leaves are cordate to reniform in shape with cordate bases. Leaf size varies from 3-8 cm long and 3-5.5 cm broad. The genus is dioecious, having separate male and female trees. The small inconspicuous flowers are produced in early spring and wind-pollinated; the fruit is a cluster of 2-4 small pods, each pod 1-2 cm long with numerous small, flattened and winged seeds. The fruits mature in autumn and release their seeds in autumn through winter. Beech is a typical temperate zone hardwood The term hardwood designates wood from angiosperm trees. ... Male and female Common Pheasant, illustrating the large degree of sexual dimorphism between the sexes Sexual dimorphism is the systematic difference in form between individuals of different sex in the same species. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Plant sexuality deals with the wide variety of sexual reproduction systems found across the plant kingdom. ... Clivia miniata A cluster of flowers (Clivia miniata) A Blue Summer Flower. ... Fruit stall in Barcelona, Spain. ... A ripe red jalapeno cut open to show the seeds For other uses, see Seed (disambiguation). ...

Katsura is the Japanese name for the tree. The scientific name Cercidiphyllum refers to the close resemblance of the leaves to those of Cercis (redbuds); these two unrelated genera can however be distinguished easily as redbud leaves are alternate, not opposite. Species See text. ...

The two species are:

• Cercidiphyllum japonicum. Throughout the range of the genus. A tree to 40-45 m tall in the wild, though typically smaller in cultivation. Bark rough, furrowed. Leaves smaller, not over 4.5 cm long and 3.2 cm broad; stipules falling soon after leafing out in spring. Seed winged only at lower end. Plants from China were at one time separated as C. japonicum var. sinense, but no consistent difference between Japanese and Chinese origins has been found.
• Cercidiphyllum magnificum. Endemic to central Honshū, where it grows at higher altitudes than C. japonicum. A small tree, not more than 20 m tall. Bark smooth. Leaves larger, up to 8 cm long and 5.5 cm broad; stipules persistent. Seed winged at both ends.

The lanceolate-linear, paired stipules of Hibiscus kokio In botany, stipule refers to outgrowths borne on either side of the base of a leafstalk (or petiole). ... In biology and ecology endemic means exclusively native to a place or biota, in contrast to cosmopolitan or introduced. ...

Cultivation

Katsura is grown as an ornamental tree for its delicate leaves and bright autumn colour, a mix of bright yellow, pink and orange-red. Where conditions are suitable, it is fast-growing, but it is very sensitive to drought and needs deep, permanently moist soil. Under drought conditions, the species will abscise its leaves, however refoliation may occur once water is made available. Of particular interest is the scent produced by the leaves in the autumn, resembling burnt brown sugar or cotton candy. An ornamental plant is a plant species or cultivar that is grown indoors, or in gardens and parks for its amenity value, or for beauty (in its end use), rather than commercial or other value. ... A drought is a period of time when there is not enough water to support agricultural, urban or environmental water needs. ... A drought is a period of time when there is not enough water to support agricultural, urban or environmental water needs. ...

Within Cercidiphyllum japonicum, several cultivars with pendulous branches are grown for their unique weeping habit. Two general types exist. Those with a strong central leader, or excurrent growth, are all one clone originating in Morioka City, Japan. This cultivar is known as 'Morioka Weeping' and can reach over 25 m in height. The other type fails to form a central leader and is rounded in habit. There are several clones of this, including 'Amazing Grace' and 'Tidal Wave'. This Osteospermum Pink Whirls is a successful cultivar. ...

References

• Andrews, S. (1998). Tree of the Year: Cercidiphyllum. International Dendrology Society Yearbook 1997: 17-46.
• Dosmann, M. S. (1999). Katsura: A review of Cercidiphyllum in cultivation and in the wild. The New Plantsman 6: 52-62.
• Dosmann, M. S., Andrews, S. K., Del Tredici, P., & Li, J. (2003). Classification and nomenclature of weeping katsuras. The Plantsman N.S. 2: 21-27.
• Dosmann, M. S., Iles, J. K., & Graves, W.R. (1999). Drought avoidance in katsura by drought-induced leaf abscission and rapid refoliation. HortScience 34: 871-874.