Kauniaisten kaupunki - Grankulla stad
Coat of Arms Location
Founded	1920
Province	Southern Finland
Region	Uusimaa
Sub-region	Helsinki
Area - Of which land - Rank	6.0km² 5.9km² ranked 446th
Population - Density - Change - Rank	8,454 (2005) 1437 inh./km² - 1.8% ranked 129th
Urbanisation	99.0%
Unemployment	4.2%
Official languages	Finnish, Swedish
City Manager	Torsten Widén
Home page	http://www.kauniainen.fi/

Kauniainen (IPA: /ˈkɑu.ni.ɑiˌnen/; Grankulla in Swedish) is a small town of 8,454 inhabitants (as of December 2005) in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. It is a legally independent suburb within the city of Espoo, in Greater Helsinki. Kauniainen was founded by a corporation in 1906, AB Grankulla, that parcelled land and created a suburb for villas; a similar scheme was used by Danderyd in Stockholm, Sweden. Kauniainen received the status of a market town in 1920, the Finnish name in 1949, and the title of kaupunki ("city, town") in 1972. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Location_of_Espoo_in_Finland. ... Finland consists of 6 provinces (Finnish: läänit, Swedish: län). ... The Province of Southern Finland is a province of Finland. ... Finland is divided into 20 regions (maakunta/landskap in Finnish/Swedish). ... Uusimaa (Nyland) is a region (maakunta / landskap) in Southern Finland. ... In 2005 Finland is divided into 77 sub-regions (seutukunta in Finnish, ekonomisk region in Swedish). ... Founded 1550 Country Finland Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki Area[1] - Of which land - Rank 185. ... This is a list of the municipalities of Finland sorted by area as of 2003: 17321,32 km²: Inari/Enare 12416,81 km²: Sodankylä 8463,59 km²: Enontekiö/Enontekis 8411,79 km²: Kittilä 7915,51 km²: Rovaniemen_mlk/Rovaniemi_lk 6470,65 km²: Savukoski 5878,00 km²: Salla 5865,79 km²: Pudasj... This is a list of the municipalities of Finland sorted by population as of 31st of December 2005: Helsinki (Helsingfors) 560 905 {+0,3%} Espoo (Esbo) 231 704 {+1,9%} Tampere (Tammerfors) 204 337 {+0,7%} Vantaa (Vanda) 187 281 {+1,0%} Turku (Ã…bo) 174 868 {+0,0%} Oulu (Ule... Urbanization is the degree of or increase in urban character or nature. ... An 1837 political cartoon about unemployment in the United States. ... The council-manager government is one of 2 main variations of representative municipal government (for contrast, also see Mayor-Council government). ... Not to be confused with the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... The municipalities (kunta in Finnish, kommun in Swedish) represent the local level of administration in Finland and act as the fundamental administrative units of the country. ... December 2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → 31 December 2005 (Saturday) 25-year-old Scottish human rights worker Kate Burton and her parents are freed unharmed in the Gaza Strip by the Palestinian gunmen who kidnapped them two days earlier. ... Central Helsinki, the focal point of the Capital Region, from the sky Greater Helsinki (Finnish: Suur-Helsinki, Swedish: Storhelsingfors), Capital Region (Pääkaupunkiseutu, Huvudstadsregionen), Helsinki Metropolitan Area, and Helsinki Region (Helsingin seutu, Helsingforsregionen) all refer to the conurbation surrounding the Finnish capital, Helsinki. ... Founded 1972 Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki Area - Of which land - Rank 528 km² 312 km² ranked 279th Population - Density - Change - Rank 229,443 (2005) 729 inh. ... Map of the Metropolitan Area (Light Green) and the Capital Region (Dark Green). ... The idea and function of a villa has evolved considerably since its invention towards the end of the Roman Republic. ... Djursholm Chapel Danderyd is a Municipality in Stockholm County, in central Sweden. ...   (IPA: ; UN/LOCODE: SE STO) is the capital of Sweden, and consequently the site of its Government and Parliament as well as the residence of the Swedish head of state, King Carl XVI Gustaf. ...

The local taxation rate in Kauniainen is the lowest in Finland (16%), and so it tends to attract the highest earners, hence it is a generally wealthy place, and can thus keep the taxation rate low without compromising the service to the inhabitants.

Approximately 40% of the population have Swedish as their mother tongue; the rest are Finnish speakers. The dominant party in the town assembly has traditionally been the Swedish People's Party. The Swedish Peoples Party (Swedish: ; Finnish: ) is a Swedish speaking minority and mainly liberal party in Finland. ...

The following parties have seats in the town assembly of Kauniainen (2004 - 2008):

The Swedish Peoples Party (Swedish: ; Finnish: ) is a Swedish speaking minority and mainly liberal party in Finland. ... The National Coalition Party (Kansallinen Kokoomus or Samlingspartiet) is a political party in Finland. ... The Green League (Finnish: Vihreä liitto, Swedish: Gröna förbundet), is a green political party in Finland. ... The Christian Democrats (Kristillisdemokraatit or Kristdemokraterna) is a political party in Finland. ... The Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) is one of the most influential political parties in Finland, along with the Centre Party and the Coalition Party. ...

History

Villa Vallmogård was the home of author Mikael Lybeck

Around 10,000 years ago, after the Ice Age, only a few islets were visible in the Yoldia Sea, heights that today form the highest peaks of the area that is today known as Kauniainen. As the land slowly rose Kauniainen became a part of the inner archipelago around 4,000 years ago and there is evidence of human activity in the area in form of pieces of ceramics from this time period. However, the first permanent settlements in the area were established in the 19th century. Today Kauniainen is situated several kilometres from the sea.^[1] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 474 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kauniainen ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 474 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kauniainen ... Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 400 000 years For the animated movie, see Ice Age (movie). ... Yoldia sea is a name given by geologists to a variable brackish-water stage in the Baltic sea basin that prevailed after draining of Baltic ice lake had reduced the lake level to then sea level. ...

In the beginning of the 20th century Kauniainen only consisted of a few crofters’ holdings at the outskirts of larger farms in Espoo. The name of the place, Grankulla, was known as the more dialectal Gränkull. The main road between Helsinki and Turku had passed through the northern parts of Kauniainen for centuries, but the new railway between the same cities that opened in 1903 was crucial for the development of the area.^[1] This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Founded 1550 Country Finland Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki Area[1] - Of which land - Rank 185. ... Turku (IPA:  , Swedish:  ), founded in the 13th century, is the oldest and fifth largest city in Finland, with a population of 174,868 (as of 2005). ...

The history of modern Kauniainen began in 1906 when a company, AB Grankulla, bought the land and sold it to people who wanted to have a villa outside the unhealthy city life in Helsinki. Several other similar communities were established at the same time around Helsinki: Kulosaari, Haaga, Leppävaara and Puistola. The share holders, among them the "father" of the municipality Janne Thurman, could be satisfied with their investment; they got the invested money back in one year. The era of the villas had though begun a few years earlier, when Elia Heikel and Emil Lindstedt bought the area around lake Gallträsk and built the first villas. No properties sold were smaller than 3,000 square metres.^[1] Kulosaari (Swedish: Brändö) is an island and a suburb in Helsinki, Finland. ... Leppävaara (Swedish: Alberga) is a district of Espoo, a city in Finland. ...

Lake Gallträsk

Because the municipality of Espoo, to which the area of Kauniainen belonged, did not show much interest in the new community, the company was responsible for developing it; roads were built, a school founded, electricity arranged and the company lobbied for a railway station (opened in 1908) and a police office. In 1915 Kauniainen got a limited autonomy from Espoo and the role of the company declined.^[1] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 745 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kauniainen ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 745 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kauniainen ... Students in Rome, Italy. ... Lightning strikes during a night-time thunderstorm. ... Passengers bustle around the typical grand edifice of Londons Broad Street Station in 1865. ... Police office is a form of division of a geographical area patrolled by a police force. ...

The first exact population figure is from 1917 when the community had 1,647 inhabitants. In 1920 Kauniainen became a market town and gained complete municipal sovereignty. Kauniainen also differed from its rural surroundings in Espoo with a town plan, road network, villas and electricity. It was decided to keep Kauniainen a green, idyllic, rural community and industrial buildings were banned. Most of the villas were built in neoclassical style or in the late 1920s functionalism. The work with a new town plan was started in the late 1920s, but the proposal was disputed; the inhabitants (and property owners) thought the roads were too wide. The architect also died in the middle of the process, which led to that a compromise could be reached as late as in 1937. The population grew only by 10% from 1917 to 1939, while the population right outside the market town’s borders grew significantly.^[1] The 1920s is a decade sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ...

Kauniainen has been officially bilingual since 1936 and the Finnish name Kauniainen was made official beside the Swedish name Grankulla in 1949 by the market town’s council. Already in the 1930s the name Kauniainen was used by the railways and the post service. The era of the villas ended with the Second World War and was replaced by reconstruction and economically challenging times.^[1] Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Kauniainen's commercial centre, where the old building from the 1960s to the right will be demolished

The independence of Kauniainen as a municipality was threatened by the municipal obligations and the small number of inhabitants. In the 1950s the market town tried to incorporate a few surrounding areas from Espoo, but the application was rejected in 1953. Instead the area of Kasavuori, which the market town had bought, was incorporated in 1957. Otto-Iivari Meurman was given the task of making a new town plan. He suggested that the villa milieu would be kept, but that the number of inhabitants would be significantly raised, from 2,500 to 10,000, and that the unmodern villas would be replaced by new ones. Also apartment buildings should be built. A new commercial centre was planned next to the railway station with Vällingby in Stockholm as a model. The plans for Kasavuori were approved in 1959 and for the rest of the market town in 1961 and 1963. The commercial centre was inaugurated in 1966. The town plan has later been criticised because the unique villa environment was disrupted and many of the beautiful villas were demolished. A skiing centre was planned in Kasavuori of the same type as Holmenkollen in Oslo, but the plans were never realised. Today this area is protected.^[1] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 431 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kauniainen ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 431 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kauniainen ... // Recovering from World War II and its aftermath, the economic miracle emerged in West Germany and Italy. ... Vällingby is a suburbian district in West Stockholm, Sweden. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... County Oslo NO-03 District Viken Municipality NO-0301 Administrative centre Oslo Mayor (2004) Per Ditlev-Simonsen (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 224 454 km² 426 km² 0. ...

The number of inhabitants grew rapidly; in 1967 by as much as 25%. In 1972 Kauniainen gained the status of a city (fi. kaupunki) and the year after Finnish became the majority language of the inhabitants and Swedish the minority. The town had at the time 6,400 inhabitants. The commercial centre has been considered ugly and outdated for more than 20 years^[1] and a new development plan for the town centre was approved in May 2006. The project begun in december 2006 when the first building was demolished.

Transport

Roads

Kauniainen has good road connections in most directions. The east-to-west Helsinki-Turku motorway passes Kauniainen to the south and the old Helsinki-Turku main road passes the northern parts of the town. The construction of the motorway in the 1960s played a big role when new inhabitants moved to Kauniainen, when they could drive quickly along the motorway into Helsinki's city centre. The north-to-south Kehä II (Ring Road 2) passes the eastern corner of Kauniainen. Motorway symbol in UK, France and Ireland. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ...

Public transportation

The most important form of public transportation in Kauniainen is the trains that run along Rantarata (the Coast Railway). The railway has been important for the development of Kauniainen as a suburb of Helsinki. Trains leave every 15 minutes and the ride into Helsinki Central railway station takes less than 20 minutes. Helsinki Central railway station Helsinki Central railway station is a widely recognised landmark in central Helsinki, Finland, and the focal point of public transport in the Greater Helsinki area. ...

There are a two regional bus lines that drive to Helsinki and a few local Espoo bus lines.

Services

Kauniainen offers a very large range of services to its inhabitants, considering the size of the town. There are six schools in Kauniainen, spread out on three levels and two languages - Finnish and Swedish. Kauniainen has:

• swimming baths
• indoor ice rink
• slalom slope (only one slope, the oldest in Finland opened in 1934)
• small athletics stadium
• indoor sports arena (handball, tennis, etc.)
• music school (for children)
• art school (for children)
• public library
• adult education school
• health station

50 meter indoor swimming pool A swimming pool, swimming bath, or wading pool is an artificially enclosed body of water intended for recreational or competitive swimming, diving, or for other bathing activities that involve swimming, e. ... Rockefeller Centre ice rink An ice rink is a frozen body of water where people can ice skate or play winter sports. ... Handball is the name of several different sports: Team handball, or Olympic/European Handball is a game somewhat similar to association football, but the ball is played with the hand, not the foot. ... For other uses, see Tennis (disambiguation). ... A music school or conservatoire (British English) — also known as a conservatory (American English) or a conservatorium (Australian English) — is an institution dedicated to teaching the art of music, including the playing of musical instruments, musical composition, musicianship, music history, and music theory. ... Art school is a colloquial term for any educational institution (whether secondary, post-secondary/undergraduate, or graduate/postgraduate) with a primary focus on the visual arts, especially graphic design, illustration, painting, photography, and sculpture. ... Julio Pérez Ferrero Library - Cúcuta, Colombia A modern-style library in Chambéry A library is a collection of information resources and services, organized for use, and maintained by a public body, institution, or private individual. ... Libraries are a useful resource for adult learners. ...

Districts

There are three districts in Kauniainen called I, II and III. No districts are named because of the small size of the town. The only area that is viewed as a named district is Kasavuori (Swedish: Kasaberget) in the western part of the town.

Sports

Kauniainen has a large range of sports facilities and the town council has been active in sponsoring sports. There are activities in most sports with Grankulla IFK (GrIFK) as the biggest association. GrIFK was founded in 1925 and is today active in football, handball, floorball and alpine skiing. Football (soccer) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... A floorball match between powerhouses Sweden (yellow) and Finland (white) Floorball is an indoor team sport played using composite sticks with a plastic vented blade where the aim is to put a light plastic ball into the opponents goal. ... Alpine skier carving a turn on piste Alpine skiing (or downhill skiing) is a recreational activity and sport involving sliding down snow-covered hills with long, thin skis attached to each foot. ...

Sights

A road in Kauniainen during winter

There are no special places of interest in Kauniainen, but the old villa environment is nice. A few of the old villas are owned by the city and all sorts of activities are arranged in these buildings. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 547 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kauniainen ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 547 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kauniainen ...

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} Jaana af Hällström (2006): Grankulla 1906-2006 Kauniainen - Den sista i sitt slag. Gummerus, Jyväskylä ISBN 951-96894-9-4

External links

• Kauniainen - Grankulla - Official website
• Map of Kauniainen

	Municipalities of Uusimaa
	Ekenäs | Espoo | Hanko | Helsinki | Hyvinkää | Ingå | Järvenpää | Karis | Karjalohja | Karkkila | Kauniainen | Kerava | Kirkkonummi | Lohja | Mäntsälä | Nummi-Pusula | Nurmijärvi | Pohja | Pornainen | Sammatti | Siuntio | Tuusula | Vantaa | Vihti
	Uusimaa Region | Southern Finland | Finland

Coordinates: 60.21031° N 24.72891° E The 24 municipalities of the Uusimaa Region in Finland are divided on three sub-regions: Helsinki Sub-region Espoo (Esbo) Helsinki (Helsingfors) Vantaa (Vanda) Hyvinkää Järvenpää Kauniainen (Grankulla) Kerava Kirkkonummi (Kyrkslätt) Mäntsälä Nurmijärvi Pornainen Siuntio (SjundeÃ¥) Tuusula (Tusby) Lohja Sub-region Karjalohja Karkkila Lohja (Lojo... Image File history File links Uusimaa. ... Alley in Ekenäs Church of Ekenäs Ekenäs (IPA: //), or Tammisaari (/ˈtÉ‘mːiËŒsɑːri/) in Finnish, is a municipality of Finland. ... Founded 1972 Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki Area - Of which land - Rank 528 km² 312 km² ranked 279th Population - Density - Change - Rank 229,443 (2005) 729 inh. ... The word Hanko may refer to Hanko, Finland, town and municipality Hanko Peninsula Hanko, a Japanese signature stamp Hanko is sometimes a misspelling of Hankou (汉口), China This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Founded 1550 Country Finland Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki Area[1] - Of which land - Rank 185. ... Hyvinkää (IPA: /ˈhyÊ‹iÅ‹kæː/; Hyvinge in Swedish) is a small town in the province of Uusimaa, approximately 50 km north of the capital Helsinki. ... IngÃ¥ (IPA: //), or Inkoo (/ˈiÅ‹koː/) in Finnish, is a municipality of Finland. ... Coat of arms of Järvenpää Järvenpää (IPA: /ˈjærÊ‹emËŒpæː/; Träskända in Swedish) is a town and municipality of Finland. ... Location of Karis in Finland Karis (IPA: //), or Karjaa (/ˈkÉ‘rjɑː/) in Finnish, is a municipality of Finland. ... Karjalohja (IPA: /ˈkÉ‘rjÉ‘ËŒlohjÉ‘/), or Karislojo in Swedish is a municipality of Finland. ... Karkkila (IPA: /ˈkÉ‘rkːilÉ‘/), or Högfors in Swedish is a municipality of Finland. ... Founded 1970 Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki Area - Of which land - Rank 30. ... Coat of Arms of Kirkkonummi Kirkkonummi (IPA: /ˈkirkːoËŒnumːi/), or Kyrkslätt in Swedish, is a municipality of 32,772 inhabitants (2004-12-31) in Southern Finland. ... View of Laurinkatu in central Lohja. ... The church of Mäntsälä was completed in 1866. ... Nummi-Pusula (IPA: /ˈnumːiËŒpusulÉ‘/) is a municipality of Finland. ... Nurmijärvi (IPA: /ˈnurmiËŒjærÊ‹i/) is a village and the most populated rural municipality of Finland located north of the capital Helsinki. ... Pohja (IPA: /ˈpohjÉ‘/), or Pojo (//) in Swedish, is a municipality of Finland. ... Pornainen (IPA: /ˈpornÉ‘inen/), or Borgnäs in Swedish is a municipality of Finland. ... Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Lohja Area - Of which land - Rank 85. ... Siuntio (IPA: /ˈsiuntio/), or SjundeÃ¥ in Swedish is a municipality of Finland. ... Tuusula (IPA: /ˈtuːsulÉ‘/), or Tusby in Swedish is a municipality of Finland. ... Founded 1974 Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki Area - Of which land - Rank 243 km² 240,84 km² ranked 316th Population - Density - Rank 187 365 (2005) 770. ... Vihti (IPA: /ˈʋihti/), or Vichtis in Swedish, is a small municipality located in the Uusimaa region of province of Southern Finland, approximately 50 km north of the capital city Helsinki. ... Uusimaa (Nyland) is a region (maakunta / landskap) in Southern Finland. ... The Province of Southern Finland is a province of Finland. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...