The city was founded on April 1, 2004 when the cities of Kawanoe, Mishima, the town of Doi and the village of Shingu merged to form one new city.
The name literally means Shikoku Central City and was named in the hope of becoming the new capital of the island of Shikoku, should the four prefectures be merged into one as planned.
The former cities of Kawanoe and Mishima (the two largest cities of the four that merged) have fought for political control over the new city.
On April 1, 2004 all towns and villages in the former Higashiuwa District (dissolved by this merger) and Mikame from Nishiuwa District merged, forming the new city of Seiyo.
On April 1, 2004 the cities of Kawanoe and Iyomishima, the town of Doi and the village of Shingu (both from Uma District, dissolved by this merger) merged to form the new city of Shikokuchuo.
On August 1, 2004 the town of Kuma and the villages of Mikawa, Omogo, and Yanadani from Kamiukena District merged to form the new town of Kumakogen.
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