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Encyclopedia > Keel
The keel of a Nordic longboat in Roskilde with the first garboard strakes being assembled.
The keel of a Nordic longboat in Roskilde with the first garboard strakes being assembled.

In boats and ships, keel can refer to either of two parts: a structural element, or a hydrodynamic element. These parts overlap. Keel can be used to refer to: Keel, the central beam of the hull of a boat. ... Image File history File links Nachbau_Wikingerschiff_Roskilde. ... Image File history File links Nachbau_Wikingerschiff_Roskilde. ... A longboat is a large boat powered by multiple oars and carried on a ship (especially sailed merchant ships). ... This article is about the town in Denmark. ... A Strake is part of a boat or ship. ...

Contents

Structural keels

A structural keel is a large beam which the hull of a ship is built around. The keel runs in the middle of the ship, from the bow to the stern, and serves as the foundation or spine of the structure, providing the major source of structural strength of the hull. The keel is generally the first part of a ship's hull to be constructed, and laying the keel, or placing the keel in the cradle in which the ship will be built, is often a momentous event in a ship's construction--so much so that the event is often marked with a ceremony, and the term lay the keel has entered the language as a phrase meaning the beginning of any significant undertaking. A hull is the body or frame of a ship or boat. ... Italian Full rigged ship Amerigo Vespucci in New York Harbor, 1976 A ship is a large watercraft capable of offshore navigation. ... The bow is the foremost point of the hull of a ship or boat: the point that is ahead when the vessel is underway. ... Aft of the Soleil Royal, by Jean Bérain the Elder. ... A foundation is a structure that transmits loads from a building or road to the underlying ground. ...


Hydrodynamic keels

A hydrodynamic keel is a foil on the bottom of the hull that is used to give the ship greater directional control and stability. In traditional boat building, this is provided by the structural keel, which projects from the bottom of the hull along most or all of its length. In non sailing hulls, the keel helps the hull to move forward, rather than slipping to the side. A foil is a surface designed to maximize lift (force generated perpendicular to the fluid flow) while minimizing drag (force generated in the direction of the fluid flow) in a given range of conditions. ... In naval architecture, instantaneous stability is a measure of how a vessels buoyancy is distributed. ... Diagram of Sailboat, in this case a typical monohull sloop with a bermuda or marconi rig. ...


The keel contributes substantially to the longitudinal strength and effectively local loading caused when docking the ship. The most common type of keel it that known as 'flat plate keel', and this is fitted in the majority of ocean-going ship and other vessels. A form of keel found on smaller vessels is the bar keel. The bar keel may be fitted in trawlers, tugs,etc.. and this is also found in smaller ferries.


Where grounding is possible, this type of keel is suitable with its massive scantlings, but there is always a problem of the increased draft with no additional cargo capacity. If a double bottom is fitted the keel is almost inevitably of the flat plate type, bar keels often being associated with open floors, where the plate keel may also be fitted.


Duct keels are provided in the bottom of some vessels. These run from the forward engine room bulkhead to the collision bulkhead and are utilized to carry the double bottom piping. The piping is then accessible when cargo is loaded.


Sailboat Keels

Sailing yacht with a fin keel
Sailing yacht with a fin keel

In sailboats, keels use the forward motion of the boat to generate lift to counter the lateral force from the sails. Sailboats have much larger keels than non sailing hulls. Keels are different from centerboards and other types of foils in that keels are made of heavy materials to provide ballast to stabilize the boat. Keels may be fixed, or non-movable, or they may retract to allow sailing in shallower waters. Retracting keels may pivot (a swing keel) or slide upwards to retract, and are usually retracted with a winch due to the ballast. Since the keel provides far more stability when lowered than when retracted (due to the greater moment arm involved) the amount of sail carried is generally reduced when sailing with the keel retracted. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1704x2272, 368 KB) Photographer: Paul Schultz from Kenmore, USA Title: Mariah Quarter View Taken on: 2004-12-04 11:05:26 Original source: Flickr. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1704x2272, 368 KB) Photographer: Paul Schultz from Kenmore, USA Title: Mariah Quarter View Taken on: 2004-12-04 11:05:26 Original source: Flickr. ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... Diagram of Sailboat, in this case a typical monohull sloop with a bermuda or marconi rig. ... The lift force, lifting force or simply lift is a mechanical force generated by solid objects as they move through a fluid. ... A gaff-rigged cutter flying a mainsail, staysail and genoa jib For other uses, see Sail (disambiguation). ... A centreboard is a form of removable keel on a small sailing boat or dinghy which can be removed to lower the draught (or depth) of the vessel. ... Ballast is used in sailboats to provide moment to resist the lateral forces on the sail. ... Modern self-tailing winch on a sailing boat. ... Moment refers to either of two related concepts in mathematics and physics: Moment (physics) Moment (mathematics) See also Moment (magazine), a Jewish general publication. ...


There are several types of fixed keels including: full keels, fin keels, winged keels, bulb keels, and twin keels or bilge keels among other designs. A winged keel is a sailboat keel, usually of high aspect ratio, that uses a nearly horizontal foil, the wing, at the bottom to provide additional performance. ... A bulb keel is a keel, usually made with a high aspect ratio foil, that contains a ballast filled, usually teardrop shaped bulb at the bottom. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A bilge keel is a long fin of metal, often in a V shape, welded along the length of the ship at the turn of the bilge. ...


Types of non-fixed keels include swing keels and canting keels. Canting keels can be found on racing yachts such as those competing in the Volvo Ocean Race. They provide much more righting moment for a lot less weight, as the keel moves out to the windward-side of the boat. The perpendicular distance from weight to pivot is increased, therefore a larger righting moment is produced. A canting keel is a form of sailing ballast, suspended from a rigid canting strut beneath the boat, which can be swung to windward of a boat under sail, in order to counteract the heeling force of the sail. ...


Etymology

The word "keel" comes from Anglo-Saxon cēol, Old Norse kjóll, = "ship" or "keel". It has the distinction of being the very first written word in the English language, having been recorded by Gildas in his 6th century Latin work De Excidio Britanniae, under the spelling cyulae (he was referring to the three ships that the Saxons first arrived in). Old English (also called Anglo-Penis[1], Englisc by its speakers) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. ... Old Norse or Danish tongue is the Germanic language once spoken by the inhabitants of the Nordic countries (for instance during the Viking Age). ... Italian Full rigged ship Amerigo Vespucci in New York Harbor, 1976 A ship is a large watercraft capable of offshore navigation. ... Gildas (c. ... The 6th century is the period from 501 - 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Saxon (disambiguation). ...


Carina is the Latin word for "keel" and is the origin of the term careen (to clean a keel and the hull in general, often by rolling the ship on its side). An example of this use is Careening Cove, a suburb of Sydney, Australia, where careening was carried out in early colonial days. For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ... The careening of a sailing vessel is laying her up on a calm beach at high tide in order to expose one side or another of the ships hull for maintenance below the water line when the tide goes out. ... This is about the city of Sydney in Australia. ...


See also


  Results from FactBites:
 
Keel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (493 words)
The keel runs in the middle of the ship, from the bow to the stern, and serves as the foundation or spine of the structure, providing the major source of structural strength of the hull.
Keels are different from centerboards and other types of foils in that keels are made of heavy materials to provide ballast to stabilize the boat.
Retracting keels may pivot (a swing keel) or slide upwards to retract, and are usually retracted with a winch due to the ballast.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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