Kenji Doihara (土肥原 賢二) Doihara Kenji, August 8, 1883 - December 23, 1948) was a Japanese officer and spy who served in northeastern China from 1913 and who became a major military commander in Japan's invasion of China over the following decades. He was one of the main plotters of the so-called Mukden Incident, the pretext for the Japanese invasion of Manchuria prior to the Second World War. Doihara was nicknamed 'Lawrence of Manchuria', a reference to the West's Lawrence of Arabia. Kenji Doihara (土肥原 賢二 Doihara Kenji, 1883 - December 23, 1948) was a Japanese spy who served in northeastern China since 1913. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... December 23 is the 357th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (358th in leap years). ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... Spy and secret agent redirect here; for alternate use, see Spy (disambiguation) and Secret agent (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that Manchuria Incident be merged into this article or section. ... Manchuria (Manchu: Manju; Traditional Chinese: 滿洲; Simplified Chinese: 满洲; pinyin: MÇŽnzhōu, Russian: ) is a vast territorial region in northeast Asia. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... For alternative meanings for The West in the United States, see the U.S. West and American West. ... Thomas Edward Lawrence (August 16, 1888 – May 19, 1935), also known as Lawrence of Arabia, and (apparently, among his Arab allies) Aurens or El Aurens, became famous for his role as a British liaison officer during the Arab Revolt of 1916–1918. ...

Kenji Doihara was born in Okayama Prefecture on August 8, 1883. He joined the Imperial Japanese Army in 1912 from after graduating from college, working in the Japanese Army General Staff Headquarters, and was sent to China by the General Staff Headquarters in 1913. There he began his career as a spy in China. Diohara could speak fluently in the language of Beijing, and also was said to speak several other Chinese dialects. Okayama Prefecture ) is located in the Chūgoku region on Honshū island, Japan. ... The Imperial Japanese Army (: 大日本帝國陸軍 Shinjitai: 大日本帝国陸軍 Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun) was the official ground based armed force of Japan from 1867 to 1945 when it was Imperial Japan. ...

Meanwhile he worked his way up the military ladder, attached to 2nd Regiment from 1926 to 1927 and 3rd Regiment in 1927. In 1927 he was part of an official tour to China and then attached to IJA 1st Division from 1927 to 1928. He was then made Military Adviser to the Chinese Government until 1929. In 1930 he was made Colonel and commanded 30th Regiment.

At this time Doihara's espionage work paid off for him, because of his performance he was attached to General Staff in 1930 to 1931, then transferred to its Tientsin espionage agency, and was part of another official tour to China. The following year he was again transferred to Shenyang as Head of the Houten Special Agency,Kwantung Army where he served until early 1932. There he with Colonel Itagaki Seishiro was instrumental in engineering the Mukden Incident, and as part of the following invasion of Manchuria subborning the cooperation of Northeastern Army generals Hsi Hsia in Kirin, Chang Ching-hui in Harbin and Chang Hai-peng at Taonan in the northwest of Liaoning province. Tianjin (Chinese: 天津; pinyin: tiān jīn; Postal System Pinyin: Tientsin) is a harbour municipality in China on the Hai He River (from Beijing) and Bohai Gulf of the Yellow Sea (Pacific Ocean). ... Shenyang (Simplified Chinese: , Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ShÄ›nyáng, Manchu: Mukden) is the capital city of Liaoning province in Northeast China. ... The Kwantung Army or Guandong Army (関東軍 Japanese: Kantōgun) was a unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that originated from a Guandong garrison established in 1906 to defend the Kwantung Leased Territory and the areas adjacent to the South Manchurian Railway. ... Col. ... It has been suggested that Manchuria Incident be merged into this article or section. ... Combatants National Revolutionary Army, China Imperial Japanese Army, Japan Commanders Zhang Xueliang, Ma Zhanshan, Feng Zhanhai, Ting Chao Shigeru Honjo, Jiro Tamon Strength 160,000 30,000 - 84,000 Casualties  ?  ? ... Hsi Hsia, (? - 1950), Manchu general in command of the Manchurian Kirin Provincial Army, that went over to the Japanese during the Invasion of Manchuria. ... Zhang Jinghui or Chang Ching-hui, (Traditional Chinese: 張景惠; 1871-1959) Chinese general and politician during the Warlord Era. ... Harbin on a map of China For other meanings of Harbin, see Harbin (disambiguation). ... Chang Hai-peng, (? - ?), Northeastern Army general, that went over to the Japanese during the [Invasion of Manchuria]] and was a general in the Manchukuo Imperial Army of Manchukuo. ... Taonan is a Chinese city of about 100,000 in Jilin Province. ...   (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: Liáoníng) is a northeastern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ...

Next Colonel Doihara was dispatched by Colonel Itagaki to Tientsin to return Pu Yi to Manchuria. The plan was to pretend that Pu Yi had returned to resume his throne in answer to a popular demand of the people of Manchuria, and that Japan had nothing to do with his return, but would do nothing to oppose the popular demand of the people. In order to carry out this plan, it was necessary to land Pu Yi at Yingkou before that port became frozen; therefore, it was imperative that he arrive there before 16 November 1931. Aisin-Gioro Puyi (February 7, 1906 - October 17, 1967) was the Xuantong Emperor (宣統皇帝) of China between 1908 and 1924 (ruling emperor between 1908 and 1912, and non-ruling emperor between 1912 and 1924), the tenth (and last) emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty to rule over...

In early 1932 Colonel Doihara was sent to Head the Harbin Special Agency of the [[Kwantung Army, where he began negotiatiating with General Ma after he had been driven from Tsitsihar by the Japanese. Ma's position was ambiguous; continued negotiations while he supported General Ting Chao in Harbin. When Doihara realized his negotiations with Generals Ma Zhanshan and Ting Chao had come to naught in early January, he requested the Manchurian puppet General Hsi Hsia to advance with his forces and take Harbin from General Ting Chao but he conducted the defense of Harbin successfully stopping Hsi Hsia. Doihara realized he would need Japanese forces to help and he engineered the Harbin Incident to justify their intervention. This resulted in the IJA 12th Division under General Jiro Tamon coming from Mukden by rail and then marching through the snow to reinforce the attack and taking the city on January 5th. 1932. By the end of February General Ma had sought terms and joined the Japanese puppet government and General Ting Chao, now retreating into northeastern Manchuria, offered to cease hostilities, seemingly ending Chinese formal resistance. Within a month the puppet state of Manchukuo was established under Doihara's supervision. Combatants National Revolutionary Army, China Imperial Japanese Army, Japan Commanders Gen. ... Qiqihar (Simplified Chinese: 齐齐哈尔; Traditional Chinese: 齊齊哈爾; Pinyin: Qíqíhāěr; Postal Pinyin: Tsitsihar; Wade-Giles: Chi-chi-ha-er) is a major city in the Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. ... (1883-1939) General Ting Chao or Ding Chao (born 1883; died 1939) is known for his defense of Harbin during the Japanese Invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and 1932. ... Harbin on a map of China For other meanings of Harbin, see Harbin (disambiguation). ... (1883-1939) General Ting Chao or Ding Chao (born 1883; died 1939) is known for his defense of Harbin during the Japanese Invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and 1932. ... The Harbin Incident occurred during the Invasion of Manchuria in January, 1932. ... (1878-1934) Jiro Tamon, 多門二郎, a Lieutenant-General of the Imperial Japanese Army, known for leading many of the operations of the invasion of Manchuria. ... Major districts of Shenyang. ... A puppet state is a state whose government, though notionally of the same culture as the governed people - owes its existence (or other major debt) to being installed, supported or controlled by a more powerful entity, typically a foreign power. ... Manchukuo (1932–1945), Manchu country, was a former state in Manchuria and eastern Inner Mongolia created by former Qing Dynasty officials and Imperial Japan in 1932. ...

Because of his fame and heroics fighting them, Colonel Kenji Doihara, made contact with Ma and offered him a huge sum of money to join the new Manchukoan government and Army. Ma finally agreed and flew to Mukden in January 1932, where he attended the meeting that founded the puppet state of Manchukuo and he was appointed as War Minister and Governor of Heilongjiang Province. However, after secretly using the Japanese money to raise and reequip a new volunteer force he led his troops from Tsitsihar on April 1, 1932 reestablishing the Heilongjiang Provincial Government for the Republic of China and continued to resist the Japanese. Heilongjiang (Simplified Chinese: 黑龙江省; Traditional Chinese: 黑龍江省; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Postal System Pinyin: Heilungkiang) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. ... Motto: Three Principles of the People (三民主義 San-min Chu-i) Anthem: National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital Taipei (de facto)  Nanking (de jure)1  Largest city Taipei Official languages Mandarin (GuóyÇ”) Government Semi-presidential system  - President Chen Shui-bian  - Vice President Annette Lu  - Premier Su Tseng-chang...

From 1932 to 1933 the newly promoted Major General Doihara was commanding 9th Brigade/IJA 5th Division. After the seizure of Jehol in Operation Nekka, Doihara was sent back to Manchukuo to head Houten Special Agency once again until 1934. He was then attached to IJA 12th Division until 1936. The 5th Infantry Division ) was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. ... Rehe (热河 or 熱河 pinyin: Rèhé, lit. ... -Operation Nekka Date : March, 1933 Place : Hebei, China Opponent : Chinese Army Tank Unit:1st Special Tank Company Commander:Captain Hyakutake Tanks:11 Type 89 Medium Tanks, 2 Type 92 Combat Cars After the Manchurian Incident, the Renault tanks of the 1st Special Tank Company were replaced with Type 89 Tank. ... IJA Twelfth Division ) was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. ...

From 1936 to 1937 he was the commander of the 1st Depot, in Japan until the outbreak of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, when he was given command of the IJA 14th Division under the Japanese First Army in North China. There he served in the Beiping–Hankou Railway Operation and spearheading the campaign of Northern and Eastern Honan were his division was struck by the Chinese counterattack in the Battle of Lanfeng. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Lukouchiao Incident. ... IJA Fourteenth Division ) was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. ... The Japanese First Army was formed 26 August 1937 commanding troops in North China under Northern China Area Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War. ... Combatants China, National Revolutionary Army Japan, North China Area Army Commanders ?, ?, ?, ? ?, ? Strength  ?  ? Casualties  ?  ? The Japanese 京漢線作戦 or Peiking – Hankow Railway Operation (Mid August 1937– Dec. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...

Following the battle of Lanfeng, he was attached to the General Staff as head of the Doihara Special Agency until 1939 when he was given command of the Japanese Fifth Army, in Manchukuo under the Kwantung Army. In 1940 he was made a member of the Supreme War Council, Head of the Army Aeronautical Department of the Ministry of War, and Inspector-General of Army Aviation until 1943. From 1940 to 1941 he was the Commandant of the Military Academy. On November 4, 1941, as a Major-General in the Japanese Army Air Force and a member of the Supreme War Council he voted his approval of an attack on Pearl Harbor and the campaign that launched the Pacific War. Supreme War Council was de-facto inner cabinet of Japan prior and during World War II. Among memberes were Prime Minister, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, the Minister of War, the Minister of the Navy, the chiefs of the General Staffs of both the Army and the Navy. ... Combatants Republic of China (from 1937) Chinese Communist Party (from 1937) U.S.A. (from 1941) U.K. (from 1941) British India (1941) Australia (1941) Free France (1941) Philippines (1941) Netherlands (1941) New Zealand (1941) Canada (1941) U.S.S.R. (from 1945) Mongolia (from 1945) Empire of Japan Nanjing...

In 1943 he was made Commander in Chief of the Eastern Army District. In 1944 he was appointed the Governor of Johor State, Malaya and the Commander in Chief of the Japanese Seventh Area Army in Singapore until 1945. Map of Peninsular Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia (Malay: Semenanjung Malaysia) is the part of Malaysia which lies on the Malay Peninsula, and shares a land border with Thailand in the north. ...

Returning to Japan in 1945 he was made Inspector-General of Military Training, and Commander in Chief of the Eastern Army District and Japanese Twelfth Area Army As the war ended in 1945 he was made the Commander in Chief of the 1st General Army Afterward he retired.

After the war, Doihara was tried by the Tokyo tribunal for committing high war crimes and was sentenced to death (convicted on 8 counts). In the interim, he was imprisoned in Sugamo Prison. Then, on December 23, 1948, at the age of 65, he was hanged for his actions. Categories: Possible copyright violations ... Capital punishment, or the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal by the state as punishment for crimes known as capital crimes or capital offences. ... Sugamo Prison (Sugamo Kōchi-sho,Kyūjitai:巢鴨拘置所,Shinjitai:巣鴨拘置所) was built in the 1920s for political prisoners, using the prisons of Europe as a model. ... December 23 is the 357th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (358th in leap years). ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... // This page is about death by hanging. ...

External links

• Overview of the Tokyo War Crimes Trial
• Generals from Japan [1] Generals of WWII: Japan, Kenji Doihara
• [2] 战犯——土肥原贤二, biography in Chinese with photo
• From the Apr. 25, 1932 issue of TIME magazine, Scholar, Simpleton & Inflation