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Jamhuri ya Kenya Republic of Kenya
Flag Coat of arms
Motto "Harambee"  (Swahili) "Let us all pull together"
Anthem Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu "O God of All Creation"
Capital (and largest city)		Nairobi 1°16′S, 36°48′E
Official languages		Swahili (since 1963), English[1]
Demonym		Kenyan
Government		Republic
-	President	Mwai Kibaki
-	Vice President	Moody Awori
Independence		from the United Kingdom
-	Date	December 12, 1963
-	Republic declared	December 12, 1964
Area
-	Total	580,367 km² (47th) 224,080 sq mi
-	Water (%)	2.3
Population
-	July 2005 estimate	34,707,8171 (34th)
-	8 February 2007 census	31,138,735
-	Density	59/km² (140th) 153/sq mi
GDP (PPP)		2005 estimate
-	Total	$48.33 billion (76th)
-	Per capita	$1,445 (156th)
HDI (2004)		0.491 (low) (152nd)
Currency		Kenyan shilling (KES)
Time zone		EAT (UTC+3)
-	Summer (DST)	not observed (UTC+3)
Internet TLD		.ke
Calling code		[[+254 2]]
2. 005 from Tanzania and Uganda.

The Republic of Kenya is a country in Eastern Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north, Somalia to the northeast, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, and Sudan to the northwest, with the Indian Ocean running along the southeast border. The country is named after Mount Kenya, a significant landmark mountain. Image File history File links Flag_of_Kenya. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Flag ratio: 2:3 The flag of Kenya was adopted on December 12, 1963. ... Coat of Arms of Kenya The coat of arms of Kenya features two lions holding Maasai spears and a shield. ... For other uses, see Motto (disambiguation). ... Harambee is Kenyan tradition of community self-help events, eg. ... This article is about the language. ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is evoking and eulogising the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognised either by a countrys government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ... Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu (Oh God of All Creation) is the national anthem of Kenya. ... Image File history File links LocationKenya. ... Not to be confused with capitol. ... Kenya has a very diverse population that includes most major ethnic and linguistic groups of Africa. ... Nairobi (pronounced IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ... An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ... Swahili (also called Kiswahili; see Kiswahili for a discussion of the nomenclature) is an agglutinative Bantu language widely spoken in East Africa. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a people or the inhabitants of a place. ... Look up republic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... List of the Heads of State of Kenya See also Kenya Heads of Government of Kenya Colonial Heads of Kenya lists of incumbents Categories: Kenya | Lists of office-holders ... Mwai Kibaki (born November 15, 1931) is the President of Kenya. ... The Vice-President of Kenya is the second-highest executive official in the Kenyan government]]. List of Vice-Presidents of Kenya Jaramogi Oginga Odinga (1963-May 1966) Joseph Zuzarte Murumbi (May 1966-1967) Daniel arap Moi (1967-22 August 1978) Mwai Kibaki (14 October 1978-1988) Josephat Njuguna Karanja (1988... Arthur Moody Awori, known as Uncle Moody (born 5 December 1927 in Butere[1][2]), has been the Vice President of Kenya since 25 September 2003. ... is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also Nintendo emulator: 1964 (emulator). ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here surface areas between 100,000 km² and 1,000,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... A percentage is a way of expressing a proportion, a ratio or a fraction as a whole number, by using 100 as the denominator. ... This is a list of countries ordered according to population. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ... PPP The purchasing power parity (PPP) theory was developed by Gustav Cassel in 1920. ... There are three lists of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year). ... Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head. ... This article includes two lists of countries of the world[1] sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita, the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year divided by the average population for the same year. ... World map indicating Human Development Index (2006). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Coloured world map indicating Human Development Index (2006) (colour-blind compliant map) This is a list of countries by Human Development Index as included in the United Nations Development Programmes Human Development Report 2006, compiled on the basis of 2004 data. ... ISO 4217 Code KES User(s) Kenya Inflation 10. ... ISO 4217 is the international standard describing three letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Time zones of Africa: Striped colours indicate countries observing daylight saving East Africa Time, or EAT, is a time zone used in eastern Africa. ... UTC redirects here. ... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... UTC redirects here. ... A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ... .ke is the Internet country code top-level domain ( ccTLD) for Kenya. ... This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E.164. ...  Eastern Africa (UN subregion)  East African Community  Central African Federation (defunct)  geographic, including above East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easternmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. ... For other uses, see Border (disambiguation). ... Mount Kenya has a low profile typical of a shield volcano. ...

History

Main article: History of Kenya

Paleontologists have discovered many fossils of prehistoric animals in Kenya. At one of the rare dinosaur fossil sites in Africa, two hundred Cretaceous theropod and giant crocodile fossils have been discovered in Kenya, dating from the Mesozoic Era, over 200 million years ago. The fossils were found in an excavation conducted by a team from the University of Utah and the National Museums of Kenya in July-August 2004 at Lokitaung Gorge, near Lake Turkana.^[2] The history of Kenya as a land occupied by sentient humans extends for several million years, even though the history of Kenya as an independent state is relatively short. ... A paleontologist carefully chips rock from a column of dinosaur vertebrae. ... Prehistory (Greek words προ = before and ιστορία = history) is the period of human history prior to the advent of writing (which marks the beginning of recorded history). ... Orders & Suborders Saurischia Sauropodomorpha Theropoda Ornithischia Thyreophora Ornithopoda Marginocephalia Dinosaurs were vertebrate animals that dominated the terrestrial ecosystem for over 160 million years, first appearing approximately 230 million years ago. ... For other uses, see Fossil (disambiguation). ... // The Cretaceous Period is one of the major divisions of the geologic timescale, reaching from the end of the Jurassic Period (i. ... Families See text Theropods (beast foot) are a group of bipedal, primarily carnivorous dinosaurs, belonging to the saurischian (lizard-hip) family. ... The term Prehistoric reptile covers a broad category that is intended to help distinguish them from the dinosaurs, which were also considered reptiles, but because of their large and successful reign for many millions of years, are almost exclusively dealt with in their own category of prehistoric life. ... The Mesozoic is one of four (sometimes more) geologic eras. ... The University of Utah (also The U or the U of U or the UU), located in Salt Lake City, is the flagship public research university in the state of Utah, and one of 10 institutions that make up the Utah System of Higher Education. ... The National Museums of Kenya (NMK) is a collection of museums and monuments in Kenya, including the Nairobi Museum Galleries, near Uhuru highway in Nairobi, Kenya. ... View over Lake Turkana Lake Turkana, formerly known as Lake Rudolf, is a lake in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya (although the far northern end of the lake crosses into Ethiopia), which covers a surface area of 6405 km² (2473 mi²), making it the worlds largest permanent desert...

Fossils found in East Africa suggest that primates roamed the area more than 20 million years ago. Recent finds near Kenya's Lake Turkana indicate that hominids such as Homo habilis (1.8 and 2.5 million years ago) and Homo erectus (1.8 million to 350,000 years ago) are possible direct ancestors of modern Homo sapiens and lived in Kenya during the Pleistocene epoch. In 1984 one particular discovery made at Lake Turkana by famous palaeoanthropologist Richard Leakey and Kamoya Kimeu was the skeleton of a Turkana boy belonging to Homo erectus from 1.6 million years ago. Previous research on early hominids is particularly identified to Louis Leakey and Mary Leakey, who are responsible for the preliminary archaeological research at Olorgesailie and Hyrax Hill. Later work at the former was undertaken by Glynn Isaac. Genera Subfamily Ponginae Pongo - Orangutans Gigantopithecus (extinct) Sivapithecus (extinct) Subfamily Homininae Gorilla - Gorillas Pan - Chimpanzees Homo - Humans Paranthropus (extinct) Australopithecus (extinct) Sahelanthropus (extinct) Ardipithecus (extinct) Kenyanthropus (extinct) Pierolapithecus (extinct) (tentative) The Hominids (Hominidae) are a biological family which includes humans, extinct species of humanlike creatures and the other great apes... Binomial name Leakey et al, 1964 Homo habilis (pronounced ) (handy man, skillful person) is a species of the genus Homo, which lived from approximately 2. ... Binomial name (Dubois, 1892) Synonyms † Pithecanthropus erectus † Sinanthropus pekinensis † Javanthropus soloensis † Meganthropus paleojavanicus Homo erectus (Latin: upright man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo. ... Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man) is the scientific name for the human species. ... The Pleistocene epoch (IPA: ) on the geologic timescale is the period from 1,808,000 to 11,550 years BP. The Pleistocene epoch had been intended to cover the worlds recent period of repeated glaciations. ... View over Lake Turkana Lake Turkana, formerly known as Lake Rudolf, is a lake in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya (although the far northern end of the lake crosses into Ethiopia), which covers a surface area of 6405 km² (2473 mi²), making it the worlds largest permanent desert... In 1977, Leaky sat next to the rare Half Monkey Half Man, who took a bite out of him, and made Leaky cry. ... Kamoya Kimeu, (born c. ... Turkana Boy or Nariokotome Boy is the designation given to fossil KNM-WT 15000[1], a nearly complete skeleton of an 11- or 12-year-old hominid boy who died 1. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Mary Leakey (February 6, 1913 – December 9, 1996) was a British archaeologist, who, along with others, discovered the first skull of a fossil ape on Rusinga Island and also a noted robust Australopithecine called Zinjanthropus at Olduvai. ... Glynn Llywelyn Isaac (1937-1985) was a South African archaeologist who specialised in the very early prehistory of Africa. ...

Pre-colonial history

Site of the Great Mosque of Gedi which dates from the 13th century.

Cushitic- speaking people from northern Africa moved into the area that is now Kenya beginning around 2000 BC. Arab traders began frequenting the Kenya coast around the 1st century AD. Kenya's proximity to the Arabian Peninsula invited colonization, and Arab and Persian settlements sprouted along the coast by the 8th century. During the first millennium AD, Nilotic and Bantu peoples moved into the region, and the latter now comprise three-quarters of Kenya's population. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1984 × 1488 pixel, file size: 708 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1984 × 1488 pixel, file size: 708 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... This article needs cleanup. ... The Cushitic languages are a subgroup of the Afro-Asiatic languages phylum, named after the Biblical figure Cush by analogy with Semitic. ... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ... Nilotic people or Nilotes, in its contamporary usage, refers to some ethnic groups mainly in southern Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, and northern Tanzania, who speak Nilotic languages, a large sub-group of Nilo-Saharan languages. ... Map showing the approximate distribution of Bantu (light brown) vs. ...

In the centuries preceding colonization, the Swahili coast of Kenya (was part of the east African region which traded with the Arab world and India especially for ivory and slaves (the Ameru tribe is said to have originated from slaves escaping from Arab lands some time around the year 1700.). Initially these traders came mainly from Arab states, but later many also came from Zanzibar (such as Tippu Tip). This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Slave redirects here. ... The Ameru tribe inhabits the Meru region of Kenya. ... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is part of Tanzania Coordinates: , Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2004)  - Both Islands 1,070... Categories: People stubs | 1837 births | 1905 deaths ...

Swahili, a Bantu language with many Arabic loan words, developed as a lingua franca for trade between the different peoples. Swahili (also called Kiswahili; see Kiswahili for a discussion of the nomenclature) is an agglutinative Bantu language widely spoken in East Africa. ... Arabic redirects here. ... Lingua franca, literally Frankish language in Italian, was originally a mixed language consisting largely of Italian plus a vocabulary drawn from Turkish, Persian, French, Greek and Arabic and used for communication throughout the Middle East. ...

The powerful Luo of Kenya dominated western Kenya's early pre-colonial history. Chief among the powerful royal families were the Sahkarias of Kano, the Jaramogis of Ugenya, and the Owuors of Kisumo, whose clans married several wives and had multitudes of grandchildren and heirs to various chieftainships. These Kings shared royal lineages with their neighbours in Uganda and Sudan. The Luo people and their language historically spans across the Lake Victoria region. The Luo tribe, through intermarriages and wars, has various bloodlines that span from the Buganda Kingdom, the Toro Kingdom, and the Nubians of modern day Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Sudan. The tribe also has a strong presence in Tanzania along with Uganda and Sudan as aforementioned. Great ruling families of the Luo tribe are spread out all over the Western Provincial areas of Kenya. Bloodlines have thinned due to a lack of preserving lineages but one can find both British and Arab historical accounts regarding trading and colonialism. The Luo had many enemies whom they fought water, cattle, and land wars including the Nandi, Kipsigis and the Kisii. Within these wars, were peace treaties and intermarriages resulting in a mixture of cultural ideals and practices.

Colonial history

Seaport Mombasa, below Malindi, has railway to Nairobi (center), south of Naivasha & Nyeri. (click map to enlarge)

The Portuguese were the first Europeans to explore Kenya, Vasco da Gama having visited Mombasa in 1498. Portuguese rule centered mainly on the coastal strip ranging from Malindi to Mombasa. The Portuguese colonial presence in East Africa officially begins after 1505, when flagships under the command of Don Francisco De Almeida bombarded and plundered Kilwa, an island located in what is now southern Tanzania. Following this, the Portuguese sacked Mombasa following the refusal of the town's leadership to pay tribute. Attacks followed on Hoja (now known as Ungwana, located at the mouth of the Tana River), Barawa, Angoche, Pate and other coastal towns until the western Indian Ocean was a safe haven for Portuguese commercial interests and tribute was paid to the Portuguese crown by all of the city-states along the East African coast. The Portuguese colonial presence in East Africa served two primary purposes: the extraction of tribute from coastal polities and the control of trade within the Indian Ocean through piracy. The first objective was only mildly successful by all accounts as local East African rulers rebelled against the Portuguese frequently. However, Portuguese naval vessels were very disruptive to commerce within the western Indian Ocean and were able to demand high tariffs on items transported through the sea due to their strategic control of ports and shipping lanes. The construction of Fort Jesus in Mombasa in 1593 was meant to solidify Portuguese hegemony in the region, but their influence was clipped by the British, Dutch and Omani Arab incursions into the region during the seventeenth century. The Omani Arabs posed the most direct challenge to Portuguese influence in East Africa and besieged Portuguese fortresses, openly attacked loser naval vessels and completely expelled the Portuguese from the Kenyan and Tanzanian coasts by 1730. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (604x720, 115 KB) Kenya relief map with town names for Nairobi, Mombasa, Naivasha, Nakuru, Nyeri, Gilgil, Kisumu, Kakamega, Eldoret, Embu, etc. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (604x720, 115 KB) Kenya relief map with town names for Nairobi, Mombasa, Naivasha, Nakuru, Nyeri, Gilgil, Kisumu, Kakamega, Eldoret, Embu, etc. ... Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya, lying on the Indian Ocean. ... Malindi is a city in Kenya that has been a Swahili settlement since the 14th century. ... Nairobi (pronounced IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ... The town of Naivasha is northwest of Nairobi (lower center), toward the Uganda border (click map to enlarge). ... Nyeri is a town and a district in Kenya about 120km north of the capital Nairobi. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Vasco da Gama (disambiguation). ... Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya, lying on the Indian Ocean. ... Malindi is a city in Kenya that has been a Swahili settlement since the 14th century. ...  Eastern Africa (UN subregion)  East African Community  Central African Federation (defunct)  geographic, including above East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easternmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. ... Don Francisco De Almeida (born 1450) was a Portuguese admiral, who was send to India in 1503, where he defeated Zamorin of Kozhikode. ... Kilwa Kisiwani is an Islamic community on an island off the coast of East Africa, in present day Tanzania. ... The Tana River is the longest river in Kenya. ... Pate Island is located in the Indian Ocean close to the northern coast of Kenya, to which it belongs. ... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ...

Omani Arab colonization of the Kenyan and Tanzanian coasts brought the once independent city-states under closer foreign scrutiny and domination than was experienced during the Portuguese period. Like their predecessors, the Omani Arabs were primarily able only to control the coastal areas, not the interior. However, the creation of clove plantations, intensification of the slave trade and relocation of the Omani capital to Zanzibar in 1839 by Seyyid Said had the effect of consolidating the Omani power in the region. Arab governance of all the major ports along the East African coast continued until British interests aimed particularly at ending the slave trade and creation of a wage-labour system began to put pressure on Omani rule. By the late nineteenth century, the slave trade on the open seas had been completely outlawed by the British and the Omani Arabs had little ability to resist the British navy’s ability to enforce the directive. The Omani presence continued in Zanzibar and Pemba until the 1964 revolution, but the official Omani Arab presence in Kenya was checked by German and British seizure of key ports and creation of crucial trade alliances with influential local leaders in the 1880s. However, the Omani Arab legacy in East Africa is currently found through their numerous descendants found along the coast that can directly trace ancestry to Oman and are typically the wealthiest and most politically influential members of the Kenyan coastal community. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Colonialism. ... A city-state is a region controlled exclusively by a city. ... A sugarcane plantation at Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, 2005 A plantation is a large tract of monoculture, as a tree plantation, a cotton plantation, a tea plantation or a tobacco plantation. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is part of Tanzania Coordinates: , Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2004)  - Both Islands 1,070... Said bin Sultan (Arabic: , transliteration: ) (1790 - October 19, 1856) was Sultan of Muscat and Oman from November 20, 1804 to June 4, 1856. ... Wage labour is the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer in which the worker sells their labour under a contract (employment), and the employer buys it, often in a labour market. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Map of Pemba Island Pemba is an island about 50 kilometres to the north of the island of Zanzibar. ... For other uses, see Revolution (disambiguation). ...

Kenya-Uganda railway near Mombasa, about 1899

However, most historians consider that the colonial history of Kenya dates from the establishment of a German protectorate over the Sultan of Zanzibar's coastal possessions in 1885, followed by the arrival of the Imperial British East Africa Company in 1888. Incipient imperial rivalry was forestalled when Germany handed its coastal holdings to Britain in 1890. This followed the building of the Kenya-Uganda railway passing through the country. This was resisted by some tribes, notably the Nandi led by Orkoiyot Koitalel Arap Samoei for ten years from 1895 to 1905, the British eventually built the railway. It is believed that the Nandi were the first tribe to be put in a native reserve to stop them from disrupting the building of the railway. During the railway construction era, there was a significant inflow of Indian peoples who provided the bulk of the skilled manpower required for construction. These people remained in Kenya and formed the core of several distinct Indian communities such as the Ismaili muslim and Sikh communities. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 330 pixel Image in higher resolution (821 × 339 pixel, file size: 23 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kenya Uganda Railway... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 330 pixel Image in higher resolution (821 × 339 pixel, file size: 23 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kenya Uganda Railway... Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya, lying on the Indian Ocean. ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is part of Tanzania Coordinates: , Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2004)  - Both Islands 1,070... The Imperial British East Africa Company was the administrator of British East Africa. ... The Uganda Railway is a railway system linking the interiors of Uganda and Kenya to the Indian Ocean at Mombasa in Kenya. ... The Nandi is a Kenyan ethnic group or tribe living in the highland areas of the Nandi Hills in Rift Valley Province; they form a sub-group of the Kalenjin Before British colonization, they were sedentary cattle-herders, sometimes also practicing agriculture; their settlements were more or less evenly distributed... An orkoiyot is the supreme chief of the Nandi people of Africa. ...

At the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, the governors of British East Africa (as the Protectorate was generally known) and German East Africa agreed a truce in an attempt to keep the young colonies out of direct hostilities. However Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck took command of the German military forces, determined to tie down as many British resources as possible. Completely cut off from Germany by the British Navy, von Lettow conducted an effective guerrilla warfare campaign, living off the land, capturing British supplies, and remaining undefeated. He eventually surrendered in Zambia eleven days after the Armistice was signed in 1918. To chase von Lettow the British deployed Indian Army troops from India and then needed large numbers of porters to overcome the formidable logistics of transporting supplies far into the interior by foot. The Carrier Corps was formed and ultimately mobilised over 400,000 Africans, contributing to their long-term politicisation. “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Motto Uhuru na Umoja(Swahili) Freedom and Unity Anthem Mungu ibariki Afrika God Bless Africa Capital Dar es Salaam (traditional capital) Dodoma (location of legislature) Largest city Dar es Salaam Official languages Swahili (de facto) Demonym Tanzanian Government Republic  -  President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete  -  Prime Minister Edward Lowassa Independence from the... General Paul Erich von Lettow-Vorbeck (March 20, 1870 - March 9, 1964) was the commander of the German East Africa campaign in World War I, the only campaign of that war where Germany remained undefeated. ... The Royal Navy is the navy of the United Kingdom. ... “Guerrilla” redirects here. ... A white flag is traditionally used to represent a truce. ... This article is about the post-independence Indian Army. ... Military organisation created in Kenya in World War 1 to provide military labour to support the campaign against the German Military forces in East Africa commanded by Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. ...

Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck

During the early part of the twentieth century, the interior central highlands were settled by British and other European farmers, who became wealthy farming coffee and tea. By the 1930s, approximately 30,000 white settlers lived in the area and were offered undue political powers because of their effects on the economy. The area was already home to over a million members of the Kĩkũyũ tribe, most of whom had no land claims in European terms (but the land belonged to the ethnic group), and lived as itinerant farmers. To protect their interests, the settlers banned the growing of coffee, introduced a hut tax, and the landless were granted less and less land in exchange for their labour. A massive exodus to the cities ensued as their ability to provide a living from the land dwindled. Image File history File links Paul_vonLettow-vorbeck. ... Image File history File links Paul_vonLettow-vorbeck. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... For other uses, see Coffee (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Tea (disambiguation). ... A family of Russian settlers in the Caucasus region, ca. ... A Kîkûyû woman in traditional dress. ... For other uses, see Farmer (disambiguation). ... “Taxes” redirects here. ...

In 1951, Sir Horace Hector Hearne became Chief Justice in Kenya (coming from Ceylon, where he had been Chief Justice and sat in the Supreme Court, Nairobi). He held that position until 1954 when he became an Appeal Justice of the West African Court of Appeal. On the night of the death of George VI, 5 February 1952, Hearne escorted the Princess Elizabeth, as she then was, to a state dinner at the Treetops Hotel, which is now a very popular tourist retreat. It was there that she "went up a princess and came down a Queen".^{[citation needed]} She returned immediately to England, accompanied by Hearne. 1892 - 1962. ... The Chief Justice in many countries is the name for the presiding member of a Supreme Court in Commonwealth- or other countries with an Anglosaxon type of justice, such as the Supreme Court of the United States, the Supreme Court of Canada, the Supreme Court of New Zealand, the Supreme... Nairobi (pronounced IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ... George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George) (December 14, 1895 - February 6, 1952) was the third British monarch of the House of Windsor, reigning from December 11, 1936 to February 6, 1952. ... is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Princess Elizabeth may refer to: Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom Elizabeth I of England Elizabeth of Bohemia This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The present Treetops hotel Treetops Hotel is a hotel in Aberdare National Park in Kenya near the township of Nyeri, 6,450 feet above sea level on the Aberdare Range and in sight of Mount Kenya. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...

From October 1952 to December 1959, Kenya was under a state of emergency arising from the Mau Mau rebellion against British rule. The governor requested and obtained British and African troops, including the King's African Rifles. In January 1953, Major General Hinde was appointed as director of counter-insurgency operations. The situation did not improve for lack of intelligence, so General Sir George Erskine was appointed commander-in-chief of the colony's armed forces in May 1953, with the personal backing of Winston Churchill. Jan. ... Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants Mau Mau British Empire Commanders * Field Marshal Dedan Kimathi * General China (Waruhiu Itote) * Stanley Mathenge * Evelyn Baring(Governor) * General Sir George Erskine Strength Unknown 10,000 regular troops (Africans and Europeans) 21,000 police, 25,000 home guard[1] Casualties 10,527 killed in action;[2] 2,633 captured... The Kings African Rifles (KAR) was a British colonial regiment in East Africa from 1902 until the independence of the various colonies in the 1960s. ... January 7 - President Harry S. Truman announces the United States has developed a hydrogen bomb. ... Counter-insurgency is the combating of insurgency, by the government (or allies) of the territory in which the insurgency takes place. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Look up sir in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Churchill redirects here. ...

The capture of Warũhiũ Itote (a.k.a. General China) on 15 January 1954 and the subsequent interrogation led to a better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure. Operation Anvil opened on 24 April 1954 after weeks of planning by the army with the approval of the War Council. The operation effectively placed Nairobi under military siege, and the occupants were screened and the Mau Mau supporters moved to detention camps. May 1953 also saw the Home Guard officially recognized as a branch of the Security Forces. The Home Guard formed the core of the government's anti-Mau Mau strategy as it was composed of loyalist Africans, not foreign forces like the British Army and King's African Rifles. By the end of the emergency the Home Guard had killed no fewer than 4,686 Mau Mau, amounting to 42% of the total insurgents. The capture of Dedan Kimathi on 21 October 1956 in Nyeri signified the ultimate defeat of the Mau Mau and essentially ended the military offensive. Waruhiu Itote (General China) (b. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... is the 114th day of the year (115th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nairobi (pronounced IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ... The word internment is generally used to refer to the imprisonment or confinement of people, generally in prison camps or prisons, without due process of law and a trial. ... A Home Guard is a part-time civilian reserve military force similar to a militia. ... For other uses, see Loyalist (disambiguation). ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... The Kings African Rifles (KAR) was a British colonial regiment in East Africa from 1902 until the independence of the various colonies in the 1960s. ... A Home Guard is a part-time civilian reserve military force similar to a militia. ... Dedan Kimathi Waciuri (October 31, 1920 – February 18, 1957) was a Kenyan rebel leader who fought against British colonization in Kenya in the 1950s. ... is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A car from 1956 Year 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nyeri is a town and a district in Kenya about 120km north of the capital Nairobi. ... The Mau Mau Uprising was an insurgency by Kenyan rebels against the British colonial administration from 1952 to 1960. ...

Post-colonial history

Lake Victoria

The first direct elections for Africans to the Legislative Council took place in 1957. Despite British hopes of handing power to "moderate" African rivals, it was the Kenya African National Union (KANU) of Jomo Kenyatta, that formed a government shortly before Kenya became independent on 12 December 1963. In the same year the Kenyan army fought the Shifta War against Somali ethnics determined to see NFD join with the Republic of Somalia, the Shifta's inflicted heavy casualties on the Kenyan armed forces but were defeated in 1967. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2272 × 1704 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2272 × 1704 pixel, file size: 1. ... For other places with the same name, see Lake Victoria (disambiguation). ... The Kenya African National Union, better known as KANU, ruled Kenya for nearly 40 years after its independence from British colonial rule in 1963, until its electoral loss at the end of 2002. ... Jomo Kenyatta (October 20, 1889 – August 22, 1978) served as the first Prime Minister (1963–1964) and President (1964–1978) of Kenya. ... is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... The Shifta War (1963—1967) was a secessionist conflict in which the Somali people in the Northern Frontier District (NFD) of Kenya attempted to join with their co-ethnics in a Greater Somalia. ... The capital of the North Eastern Province of Kenya, bordering Somalia, is Garissa (click to enlarge map) The North Eastern Province of Kenya, bordering Somalia, is one of Kenyas seven administrative provinces outside Nairobi. ...

Kenya, fearing an invasion from militarily stronger Somalia, signed a defence pact with Ethiopia in 1969 which is still intact [2]. Suffering from droughts and floods NFD is the least developed region in Kenya. However, throughout the 1990s wealthy Somali refugees turned businessmen have transformed Eastleigh from a residential community to the commercial centre of Eastlands, and increasingly much of Nairobi.[3] Eastleigh is a suburb of Nairobi, Kenya. ...

In 1964, Kenyatta became Kenya's first president. At Kenyatta's death in 1978, Daniel arap Moi became President. Daniel arap Moi retained the Presidency, being unopposed in elections held in 1979, 1983 (snap elections) and 1988, all of which were held under the single party constitution. The 1983 elections were held a year early, and were a direct result of an abortive military coup attempt on August 1, 1982. Daniel Toroitich arap Moi (born September 2, 1924) was the President of Kenya from 1978 until 2002. ... A snap election is an election called earlier than scheduled. ... The 1982 Kenyan coup was a failed attempt to overthrow President Daniel arap Mois government. ...

The abortive coup was masterminded by a lowly ranked Air Force serviceman, Senior Private Hezekiah Ochuka and was staged mainly by enlisted men in the Air Force. The attempt was quickly suppressed by Loyalist forces led by the Army, the General Service Unit (GSU) — paramilitary wing of the police — and later the regular police, but not without civilian casualties. This event led to the disbanding of the entire Air Force and a large number of its former members were either dismissed or court-martialled.

The election held in 1988 saw the advent of the mlolongo (queuing) system where voters were supposed to line up behind their favoured candidates instead of secret ballot. This was seen as the climax of a very undemocratic regime and it led to widespread agitation for constitutional reform. Several contentious clauses, including the one allowing only one political party were changed in the following years. In democratic, multiparty elections in 1992 and 1997, Daniel arap Moi won re-election. In 2002, Moi was constitutionally barred from running, and Mwai Kǐbakǐ, running for the opposition coalition "National Rainbow Coalition" — NARC, was elected President. The elections, judged free and fair by local and international observers, marked a turning point in Kenya's democratic evolution.This year we expect another showdown between the incumbent andODM presidential aspirant Raila.Kenya is one of the most distinguished country politically in Africa. Mwai Kibaki (born November 15, 1931) is the President of Kenya. ... Politics of Kenya Categories: Politics stubs | Kenyan political parties ... ODM-Kenya is a political party in Kenya that was formed as a result of the 2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum, in which a Yes vote was represented by the banana and a No vote was the orange. ...

Politics

Main article: Politics of Kenya

Current president Mwai Kibaki

Politics of Kenya takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Kenya is both head of state and head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The unicameral National Assembly consists of 210 members elected to a term of up to five years from single-member constituencies, plus 12 members nominated by political parties on a proportional representation basis. ... Mwai Kibaki during an official U.S. state visit in front of the White House, public domain image from af. ... Mwai Kibaki during an official U.S. state visit in front of the White House, public domain image from af. ... Mwai Kibaki (born November 15, 1931) is the President of Kenya. ... A presidential system, also called a congressional system, is a system of government where an executive branch exists and presides (hence the term) separately from the legislature, to which it is not accountable and which cannot in normal circumstances dismiss it. ... Representative democracy is a form of government founded on the principles of popular sovereignty by the peoples representatives. ... Look up republic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... List of the Heads of State of Kenya See also Kenya Heads of Government of Kenya Colonial Heads of Kenya lists of incumbents Categories: Kenya | Lists of office-holders ... For the comedy film of the same name, see Head of State (film). ... The head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. ... Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the executive is the branch of a government charged with implementing, or executing, the law. ... A legislature is a governmental deliberative body with the power to adopt laws. ... The unicameral National Assembly of Kenya is the countrys legislative body. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      In the law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of courts which administer justice in the name of the sovereign or state, a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. ...

Since independence, Kenya has maintained remarkable stability despite changes in its political system and crises in neighbouring countries. A cross-party parliamentary reform initiative in the fall of 1997 revised some oppressive laws inherited from the colonial era that had been used to limit freedom of speech and assembly. This improved public freedoms and contributed to generally credible national elections in December 1997.

In December 2002, Kenyans held democratic and open elections, most of which were judged free and fair by international observers. The 2002 elections marked an important turning point in Kenya’s democratic evolution in that power was transferred peacefully from the Kenya African Union (KANU), which had ruled the country since independence to the National Rainbow Coalition (Narc), a coalition of political parties.

Under the presidency of Mwai Kibaki, the new ruling coalition promised to focus its efforts on generating economic growth, combating corruption, improving education, and rewriting its constitution. Most of these promises have been met. There is free primary education. From next year, secondary education will be almost free, with the government footing all tuition fee. Under president Kibaki, the democratic space has expanded. The media is freer than before. Kenyans can associate and express themselves without fearing being harassed by security agents as it used to be the case during the Moi administration. In November 2005, the Kenyan electorate resoundingly defeated a new draft constitution supported by Parliament and President Kibaki. Kibaki responded by dismissing his entire cabinet. Kibaki eventually appointed a new slate of ministers. The 2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum occured on 21 November 2005. ...

The next general elections are due to be held on December 27, 2007. President Kibaki has confirmed his candidature, and he has declared which party he intends to run in the next general election which is Party of National Unity. President Kibaki was likely to face the fragile coalition of KANU which eventually agreed to back him on his campaign back to State house. He now faces tough competition from the now most popular candidate (Opinion polls) Orange Democratic Movement (ODM)presidential hopeful Raila Odinga. The names derived from the symbol that depicted the no-vote (orange) during the 2005 constitutional review referendum in which 'No' was voted unanimously by Kenyans. Presidential and parliamentary elections will be held in Kenya on 27 December 2007 [1]. // Mwai Kibaki, the current president of Kenya will be vying for a second term and is running for Party of National Unity. ... Party of National Unity (PNU) is a newly created political party in Kenya. ... ODM-Kenya is a political party in Kenya that was formed as a result of the 2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum, in which a Yes vote was represented by the banana and a No vote was the orange. ... Raila Odinga Raila Amollo Odinga (born 1945) is a Kenyan Member of Parliament, and was, until November 23, 2005 a Cabinet Minister in the Ministry of Roads, Public Works and Housing. ...

Country subdivisions

Provinces of Kenya

Main articles: Provinces of Kenya, Districts of Kenya, and Divisions of Kenya

Kenya comprises 8 provinces each headed by a Provincial Commissioner (centrally appointed by the president). The provinces (mkoa singular mikoa plural in Swahili) are subdivided into districts (wilaya). There were 69 districts as of 1999 census. Districts are then subdivided into 497 divisions (taarafa). The divisions are then subdivided into 2,427 locations (kata) and then 6,612 sublocations (kata ndogo) ^[3]. The City of Nairobi enjoys the status of a full administrative province. The government supervises administration of districts and provinces. The provinces are: Image File history File links Kenya_Provinces_numbered_300px. ... Image File history File links Kenya_Provinces_numbered_300px. ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Lists of subnational entities | Kenya ... The provinces of Kenya are subdivided into districts (wilaya). ... Divisions of Kenya The districts of Kenya are divided into 262 divisions (tarafa). ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Lists of subnational entities | Kenya ... Swahili (also called Kiswahili; see Kiswahili for a discussion of the nomenclature) is an agglutinative Bantu language widely spoken in East Africa. ... The provinces of Kenya are subdivided into districts (wilaya). ... A wilaya is an administrative subdivision of several countries, including Algeria, Morocco, Sudan, and Oman. ... Divisions of Kenya The districts of Kenya are divided into 262 divisions (tarafa). ...

Local governance in Kenya is practised through local authorities. Many urban centres host city, municipal or town councils. Local authorities in rural areas are known as county councils. Local councillors are elected by civic elections, held alongside general elections. Kenyas Central Province covers the area around Mt. ... The Indian Ocean coastal strip with the capital city at Mombasa and inhabited by the Mijikenda and Swahili among others. ... The Eastern Province of Kenya is one of seven regions of the country. ... Nairobi Province is one of eight provinces in Kenya. ... . North Eastern is one of Kenyas administrative provinces. ... Nyanza is the province of Kenya around Lake Victoria inhabited by the Luo among others. ... Rift Valley is the largest and one of the most economically vibrant provinces in Kenya. ... Location of Western Province in Kenya Western Province is an administrative division of Kenya, bordering Uganda. ... There are four classes of Local authorities in Kenya: City, Municipality, Town and County council. ...

Constituencies are an electoral subdivision. There are 210 Constituenies in Kenya ^[4]. Constituencies of Kenya are used to select members of Kenyan parliament. ...

Geography

Main article: Geography of Kenya

At 224,961 mi² (582,646 km²), Kenya is the world's forty-seventh largest country (after Madagascar). This article describes the geography of Kenya. ... This article is about the unit of measure. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ...

From the coast on the Indian Ocean the Low plains rise to central highlands. The highlands are bisected by the Great Rift Valley; a fertile plateau in the west. The Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa. The highlands are the site of the highest point in Kenya (and the second highest in Africa): Mount Kenya, which reaches 5,199 meters (17,057 ft) and is also the site of glaciers. Climate varies from tropical along the coast to arid in the interior. There is also Mount Kilimanjaro (19,341 ft) which is located on the Kenya- Tanzania border. Northern section of the Great Rift Valley. ... Mount Kenya has a low profile typical of a shield volcano. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ... In general terms, the climate of a locale or region is said to be arid when it is characterized by a severe lack of available water, to the extent of hindering or even preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. ... For other uses, see Kilimanjaro (disambiguation). ...

Environment

See also: Environmental issues in Kenya

Kenya has considerable land area of wildlife habitat, including the Masai Mara, where blue wildebeest and other bovids participate in a large scale annual migration. Up to 250,000 blue wildebeest perish each year in the long and arduous movement to find forage in the dry season. The "Big Five" animals of Africa can also be found in Kenya: the lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros and elephant. A significant population of other wild animals, reptiles and birds can be found in the national parks and game reserves in the country. The environment of Kenya is threatened by high population growth and its side effects. Environmental issues in Kenya include deforestation, soil erosion, desertification, water shortage and degraded water quality, poaching, and domestic and industrial pollution. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Binomial name (Burchell, 1823) The Blue Wildebeest is a large ungulate mammal of the genus Connochaetes which grows to 1. ... Subfamilies Bovinae Cephalophinae Hippotraginae Antilopinae Caprinae A bovid is any of almost 140 species of cloven-hoofed mammals belonging to the family Bovidae. ... Lion (Panthera leo) African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) Leopard (Panthera pardus) Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) The phrase Big Five game was coined by big-game hunters and refers to the five large mammals that were sought in Africa. ... For other uses, see Lion (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Leopard (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Syncerus caffer (Sparrman, 1779) Subspecies The African Buffalo or Cape Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a bovid from the family of the Bovidae. ... For other uses, see Rhinoceros (disambiguation). ... Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Elephas antiquus † Elephas beyeri † Elephas celebensis † Elephas cypriotes † Elephas ekorensis † Elephas falconeri † Elephas iolensis † Elephas planifrons † Elephas platycephalus † Elephas recki † Stegodon † Mammuthus † Elephantidae (the elephants) is a family of pachyderm, and the only remaining family in the order Proboscidea...

Climate

Safari

Kenya enjoys a tropical climate. It is hot and humid at the coast, temperate inland and very dry in the north and northeast parts of the country. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 440 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photographer: Simone Roda from Italia Title: African safari route Description: Another landscape from safari in TSAVO East National Park - Kenya Taken on: 2004... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 440 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photographer: Simone Roda from Italia Title: African safari route Description: Another landscape from safari in TSAVO East National Park - Kenya Taken on: 2004... Map of Africa 1890 Look up safari in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

The country receives a great deal of sunshine all the year round and summer clothes are worn throughout the year. However, it is usually cool at night and early in the morning.

The long rain season occurs from April to June. The short rain season occurs from October to December. The rainfall is sometimes heavy and often falls in the afternoons and evenings. The hottest period is from February to March and coldest in July to August.

The annual migration occurs between June and September with millions of wildlife taking part. It has been a popular event for filmmakers to capture.

Economy

Times Tower, headquarters for the Kenya Revenue Authority and the tallest building in East Africa, located in Nairobi, Kenya.

20 shilling note

Main article: Economy of Kenya

After independence, Kenya promoted rapid economic growth through public investment, encouragement of smallholder agricultural production, and incentives for private (often foreign) industrial investment. Gross domestic product (GDP) grew at an annual average of 6.6% from 1963 to 1973. Agricultural production grew by 4.7% annually during the same period, stimulated by redistributing estates, diffusing new crop strains, and opening new areas to cultivation. Image File history File links Times Tower, Headquarters for the Kenya Revenue Authority, located in Nairobi, Kenya. ... Image File history File links Times Tower, Headquarters for the Kenya Revenue Authority, located in Nairobi, Kenya. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Times Tower is the tallest building in East Africa. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2353x1280, 2003 KB) A photo of a 20 shilling note from Kenya. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2353x1280, 2003 KB) A photo of a 20 shilling note from Kenya. ... Kenyan exports in 2006 After independence, Kenya promoted rapid economic growth through public investment, encouragement of smallholder agricultural production, and incentives for private (often foreign) industrial investment. ... This article is about GDP in the context of economics. ...

Between 1974 and 1990, however, Kenya's economic performance declined. Inappropriate agricultural policies, inadequate credit, and poor international terms of trade contributed to the decline in agriculture. Kenya's inward-looking policy of import substitution and rising oil prices made Kenya's manufacturing sector uncompetitive. The government began a massive intrusion in the private sector. Lack of export incentives, tight import controls, and foreign exchange controls made the domestic environment for investment even less attractive.

From 1991 to 1993, Kenya had its worst economic performance since independence. Growth in GDP stagnated, and agricultural production shrank at an annual rate of 3.9%. Inflation reached a record 100% in August 1993, and the government's budget deficit was over 10% of GDP. As a result of these combined problems, bilateral and multilateral donors suspended programme aid to Kenya in 1991.

In 1993, the Government of Kenya began a major programme of economic reform and liberalization. A new minister of finance and a new governor of the Central Bank of Kenya undertook a series of economic measures with the assistance of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). As part of this programme, the government eliminated price controls and import licensing, removed foreign exchange controls, privatized a range of publicly owned companies, reduced the number of civil servants, and introduced conservative fiscal and monetary policies. From 1994-96, Kenya's real GDP growth rate averaged just over 4% a year. The Central Bank of Kenya is Kenyas central bank. ... The World Bank logo The World Bank (the Bank) is a part of the World Bank Group (WBG), is a bank that makes loans to developing countries for development programs with the stated goal of reducing poverty. ... IMF redirects here. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

In 1997, however, the economy entered a period of slowing or stagnant growth, due in part to adverse weather conditions and reduced economic activity prior to general elections in December 1997. In 2000, GDP growth was negative, but improved slightly in 2001 as rainfall returned closer to normal levels. Economic growth continued to improve slightly in 2002 and reached 1.4% in 2003; it was 4.3% in 2004 and 5.8% in 2005.

An aerial of the cargo terminal at Jomo Kenyatta International Airport, Nairobi, the largest and busiest airport in East Africa.

In July 1997, the Government of Kenya refused to meet commitments made earlier to the IMF on governance reforms. As a result, the IMF suspended lending for 3 years, and the World Bank also put a $90-million structural adjustment credit on hold. Although many economic reforms put in place in 1993-94 remained, conservative economists believe that Kenya needs further reforms, particularly in governance, in order to increase GDP growth and combat the poverty that afflicts more than 57% of its population. Image File history File linksMetadata Kenyatta_International_Airport_Aerial. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Kenyatta_International_Airport_Aerial. ... Jomo Kenyatta International Airport Jomo Kenyatta International Airport, (IATA: NBO, ICAO: HKJK) formerly called Nairobi International Airport is one of Kenyas large aviation facilities and East Africas busiest airport. ... Nairobi (pronounced IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ...  Eastern Africa (UN subregion)  East African Community  Central African Federation (defunct)  geographic, including above East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easternmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. ...

The Government of Kenya took some positive steps on reform, including the 1999 establishment of the Kenya Anti-Corruption Authority (KACA), and measures to improve the transparency of government procurements and reduce the government payroll. In July 2000, the IMF signed a $150 million Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF), and the World Bank followed suit shortly after with a $157 million Economic and Public Sector Reform credit. The Anti-Corruption Authority was declared unconstitutional in December 2000, and other parts of the reform effort faltered in 2001. The IMF and World Bank again suspended their programs. Various efforts to restart the programme through mid-2002 were unsuccessful. The Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) is an arm of the International Monetary Fund which lends to the worlds poorest countries. ...

Under the leadership of President Kibaki, who took over on December 30, 2002, the Government of Kenya began an ambitious economic reform programme and has resumed its cooperation with the World Bank and the IMF. The new National Rainbow Coalition (NARC) government enacted the Anti-Corruption and Economic Crimes Act and Public Officers Ethics Act in May 2003 aimed at fighting graft in public offices. Other reforms especially in the judiciary, public procurement etc., have led to the unlocking of donor aid and a renewed hope at economic revival. In November 2003, following the adoption of key anti-corruption laws and other reforms by the new government, donors reengaged as the IMF approved a three-year $250 million Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and donors committed $4.2 billion in support over 4 years. The renewal of donor involvement has provided a much-needed boost to investor confidence. Politics of Kenya Categories: Politics stubs | Kenyan political parties ...

However, the government’s ability to stimulate economic demand through fiscal and monetary policy remains fairly limited while the pace at which the government is pursuing reforms in other key areas remains slow. The Privatization Bill is yet to be enacted and civil service reform has been limited despite the government’s assertion that reforms would be undertaken. The main challenges include building consensus within the loosely bound NARC government, taking candid action on corruption, enacting anti-terrorism and money laundering laws, bridging budget deficits, rehabilitating and building infrastructure, maintaining sound macroeconomic policies, and addressing structural reforms needed to reverse slow economic growth.

Nairobi continues to be the primary communication and financial hub of East Africa. It enjoys the region's best transportation linkages, communications infrastructure, and trained personnel, although these advantages are less prominent than in past years. A wide range of foreign firms maintain regional branch or representative offices in the city. In March 1996, the Presidents of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda re-established the East African Community (EAC). The EAC's objectives include harmonizing tariffs and customs regimes, free movement of people, and improving regional infrastructures. In March 2004, the three East African countries signed a Customs Union Agreement. Anthem To Be Determined Arusha, Tanzania Membership 5 East African states Leaders  -  Secretary General Juma Mwapachu Area  -  Total 1,817,945 km²   sq mi  Population  -   estimate 124,858,568   -  Density 55 /km²   /sq mi GDP (PPP) 2005 estimate  -  Total US$ 104. ... A customs union is a free trade area with a Common External Tariff. ...

In geography, arable land is a form of agricultural land use, meaning land that can be (and is) used for growing crops. ... For other uses, see Tea (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Coffee (disambiguation). ... Species Saccharum arundinaceum Saccharum bengalense Saccharum edule Saccharum officinarum Saccharum procerum Saccharum ravennae Saccharum robustum Saccharum sinense Saccharum spontaneum Sugarcane or Sugar cane (Saccharum) is a genus of 6 to 37 species (depending on taxonomic interpretation) of tall perennial grasses (family Poaceae, tribe Andropogoneae), native to warm temperate to tropical... Binomial name L. Corn (Zea mays L. ssp. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 Wheat Wheat For the indie rock group, see Wheat (band). ... For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Agave sisalana Perrine Sisal or sisal hemp is an agave Agave sisalana that yields a stiff fiber used in making rope. ... Pyrethrum refers to several Old World plants of the genus Chrysanthemum (e. ...

Oil exploration

Early in 2006, Chinese President Hu Jintao signed an oil exploration contract with Kenya; the latest in a series of deals designed to keep Africa's natural resources flowing to China's booming economy. This is a Chinese name; the family name is Hu Hu Jintao (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; born December 21, 1942) is currently the Paramount Leader of the Peoples Republic of China, holding the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Party of China since 2002, President of the...

The deal allowed for China's state-controlled offshore oil and gas company, CNOOC Ltd., to prospect for oil in Kenya, which is just beginning to drill its first exploratory wells on the borders of Sudan and Somalia and in coastal waters. No oil has been produced yet, and there has been no formal estimate of the possible reserves. CNOOC headquarter in Beijing China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) (中国海洋石油总公司) is the third-largest National Oil Company(NOC) in the Peoples Republic of China next to CNPC, Sinopec. ...

Demographics

Ethnicity and languages in Kenya.

Main article: Demographics of Kenya

Kenya is a country of great ethnic diversity. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (632x813, 324 KB) Kenya Dialect and Ethnic Map. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (632x813, 324 KB) Kenya Dialect and Ethnic Map. ... Kenya has a very diverse population that includes most major ethnic and linguistic groups of Africa. ...

Ethnic groups

Agikuyu 23%, Abaluhya 14%, Jaluo 13%, Kalenjin 11%, Akamba 10%, Abagusii 8%, Ameru 8%, Somali 3%, other African (including Swahili people, Pokomo, Giriama, Rabai, Duruma, Chonyi, Digo, Kauma, Taita, Meru, Turkana, Orma (Oromo), Wasanye, Wanyoyaya, Borana, Rendille, El Moran, Malakote, Embu, Teso, Gabra, Ndorobo, Maasai) 13%, non-African (Asian/Desi, Anglo-African/European, and Arab) 1%.

Religious affiliation

Protestant 45%, Roman Catholic 33%, Muslim 10%, Traditional Religions 10%. Others include Hinduism, Jainism & the Bahá'í Faith.

Largest cities 

Nairobi, Mombasa, Kisumu, Nakuru and Eldoret.

See also: List of cities in Kenya

This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Kalenjin is an ethnic group of Nilotic origin living in the Great Rift Valley in western Kenya. ... The Akamba live in Kenya, Africa. ... Kisii (also known as Gusii) is a Bantu tribe which inhabits Kisii District in Nyanza, western Kenya. ... The Ameru tribe inhabits the Meru region of Kenya. ... The Swahili are a people and culture found on the coast of East Africa, mainly the coastal regions and the islands of Kenya and Tanzania, and north Mozambique. ... Asian people[1] is a demonym for people from Asia. ... This article is about the South Asian people. ... Anglo-Africans are primarily associated with Southern Africa and British ancestry. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... The Catholic Church in Kenya is part of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and curia in Rome. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... Hinduism (known as in modern Indian languages)[1] is a religious tradition[2] that originated in the Indian subcontinent. ... Jain and Jaina redirect here. ... This article is about the generally-recognized global religious community. ... Nairobi (pronounced IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ... Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya, lying on the Indian Ocean. ... Kisumu ( ) is a port city in western Kenya at 1131m, with a population of 322,024 (1999 census). ... Nakuru is northwest of Nairobi, at Lake Nakuru (click map to enlarge) Nakuru, the provincial capital of Kenyas Rift Valley province, with roughly 300,000 inhabitants, and currently the fourth largest urban centre in the country, lies about 1850 m above sea level. ... Eldoret is northwest of Nairobi, near Uganda (click map to enlarge) Eldoret is a town in western Kenya and the administrative centre of Uasin Gishu District of Rift Valley Province. ... This is a list of cities in Kenya: Bungoma Dadaab Eldoret Garissa Homa Bay Kakamega Kisumu Kitale Lamu Lodwar Machakos Muiga Malindi Mandera Marsabit Meru Mombasa Moyale Nyeri Nairobi Naivasha Nakuru Namanga Narumoro Nanyuki Samburu Wajir Webuye See also: List of cities External link Map Categories: Lists of cities ...

Education

Main article: Education in Kenya

A University of Nairobi building

Kenya’s education system consists of early childhood education, primary, secondary and college. Early childhood education takes at least three years, primary eight years, secondary four and university four or six years depending on the course. Preschooling, which targets children from age three to five, is an integral component of the education system and is a key requirement for admission to Standard One (First Grade). At the end of primary education, pupils sit the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE), which determines those who proceed to secondary school or vocational training. Primary school age is 6/7-13/14years. For those who proceed to secondary level, there is a national examination at the end of Form Four – the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE), which determines those proceeding to the universities, other professional training or employment. The Joint Admission Board (JAB) is responsible for selecting students joining the public universities. The minimum university entry grade is C+ at KCSE. However, due to stiff competition, only those with higher grades such as B+ and above are guaranteed admission. Private universities admit students on their own but are guided by the rules and regulations provided by the Commission for Higher Education. Other than the public schools, there are many private schools in the country, mainly in urban areas. Similarly, there are a number of international schools catering for various educational systems such as American, British, French, German, Japanese and Swedish. Education in Kenya has been based on an 8-4-4 system since the late 1980s, with eight years of primary education followed by four years of secondary school and four years of college or university. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion, because: no content If you disagree with its speedy deletion, please explain why on its talk page or at Wikipedia:Speedy deletions. ... KCPE is an abbreviation for Kenya Certificate of Primary Education, a certificate awarded to students after completing the approved eight-year course in primary education in Kenya. ... KCSE stands for the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education, which is taken at the completion of Secondary Education. ... International schools are private schools that cater mainly to children who are not nationals of the host country, often the children of the staff of international businesses, international organizations, embassies, missions, or missionary programs. ...

Culture

Main article: Culture of Kenya

Young Maasai tribe

A Maasai man in traditional attire.

Kenya is a diverse country, with many different cultures represented. Notable cultures include the Swahili on the coast, pastoralist communities in the north, and several different communities in the central and western regions. Today, the Maasai culture is well known, due to its heavy exposure from tourism although it is only a minor tribe. The Maasai are known for adorning their upper bodies and the jewellery they wear. A woman in a traditional Kenyan outfit Culture of Kenya - Kenya has no one culture that identifies it. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x766, 157 KB) Summary People from maasai tribe. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x766, 157 KB) Summary People from maasai tribe. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (480x640, 64 KB) Kenyan man. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (480x640, 64 KB) Kenyan man. ... The Swahili are a people and culture found on the coast of East Africa, mainly the coastal regions and the islands of Kenya and Tanzania, and north Mozambique. ... Pastoralists are people whose main source of livelihood is livestock with which they move seasonally in search of fresh pasture and water. ... Language(s) Maa (ɔl Maa) Religion(s) Monotheism including Christianity Related ethnic groups Samburu The Maasai are an indigenous African ethnic group of semi-nomadic people located in Kenya and northern Tanzania. ...

Food

There in no singular dish that represents all of Kenya. Different communities have their own different foods. Staples are maize and other cereals depending on the region including millet and sorghum eaten with various meats and vegetables. The foods that are universally eaten in Kenya are ugali and nyama choma. Nyama choma is roasted meat - usually goat or sheep- roasted over an open fire. It is best eaten with ugali and kachumbari. Among the Kikuyu of Central Kenya, a lot of tubers: ngwaci (sweet potatoes), ndũma (taro root) known in Kenya as arrowroot, ikwa (yams), mianga (cassava) are eaten as well as legumes like beans and a Kikuyu bean known as njahi. This article is about the maize plant. ... For other uses, see Millet (disambiguation). ... Species About 30 species, see text Sorghum is a genus of numerous species of grasses, some of which are raised for grain and many of which are utilised as fodder plants either cultivated or as part of pasture. ... Ugali is a staple starch component of many African meals, especially in East Africa. ... Ugali is a staple starch component of many African meals, especially in East Africa. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... A tuber is a part of a rhizome thickened for use as a storage organ, usually, though not always, subterranean, such as a potato. ... Binomial name Ipomoea batatas Linnaeus, The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is a crop plant whose large, starchy, sweet-tasting tuberous roots are an important root vegetable. ... This article is about the plant. ... Binomial name Maranta arundinacea L. Arrowroot, or obedience plant, (Maranta arundinacea) is a large perennial herb of genus Maranta found in rainforest habitats. ... For the Levantine god of the untamed sea, see Yaw. ... Yuca redirects here. ... This article is on the plant. ...

National dress

Apart from the national flag, Kenya is yet to have a national dress that cuts across its diverse ethnic divide. With each of the more than 42 ethnic communities in Kenya having its own traditional practices and symbols that make it unique, this is a task that has proved elusive in the past. However, several attempts have been made to design an outfit that can be worn to identify Kenyans, much like the Kente' cloth of Ghana. Flag ratio: 2:3 The flag of Kenya was adopted on December 12, 1963. ... Kente cloth, known locally as nwentoma, is a type of fabric made of interwoven woven cloth strips and is native to the country of Ghana, where it was first developed in the 12th century. ...

The most recent effort was the Unilever-sponsored "Sunlight quest for Kenya's National Dress". A design was chosen and though it was unveiled with much pomp at a ceremony in which public figures modelled the dress, the dress design never took hold with the ordinary people.

Kitenge, a cotton fabric made into various colours and design through tie-and-dye and heavy embroidery, is generally accepted as the African dress. Though used in many African countries, Kitenge is yet to be accepted as an official dress as it is only worn during ceremonies and non-official functions. The Maasai wear dark red garments to symbolise their love for the earth and also their dependence on it. It also stands for courage and blood that is given to them by nature. The Kanga (Khanga, Lesso) is another cloth that is in common use in practically every Kenyan home. The Kanga is a piece of clothing about 1.5 m by 1 m, screen printed with beautiful sayings in Kiswahili (or English) and is largely worn by women around the waist and torso. Kangas are a flexible item, used in many ways such as aprons, child-carrying slings, picnic blankets, swimwear etc. However, except among the coastal people, it is usually not worn as a full outfit. Kitenge or chitenge is an African garment similar to sarong, often worn by women wrapped around the chest or waist, over the head as a headscarf, or as a baby sling. ... A simplified illustration of a kanga. ...

Music

Main article: Music of Kenya

Kenya is home to a diverse range of music styles, ranging from imported popular music, afro-fusion and benga music to traditional folk songs. The guitar is the most popular instrument in Kenyan music, and songs often feature intricate guitar rhythms. The most famous guitarist of the early 20th century was Fundi Konde. Other notable musicians of the 60s era include Fadhili Williams (recognised by many as the author of the hit song "Malaika" that was later re-done by Miriam Makeba, Boney M and Daudi Kabaka. Out of all the African countries, Kenya has perhaps the most diverse assortment of popular music forms, in addition to multiple types of folk music. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... There is also Benga in the province of Nyanga, see Benga, Gabon Benga is a musical genre of Kenyan popular music. ... Folk song redirects here. ... Fundi Konde was a Kenyan musician, one of the first popular performers from that country, and said to be the first electric guitarist from East Africa. ... Fadhili William (born Mombasa, November 11, 1938), is a Kenyan musician/composer who is most famous for his song Malaika. ... Malaika, which means angel in Swahili, was a song first recorded by Kenyan musician Fadhili William and his band Jambo Boys in 1960. ... Miriam Makeba performing at the Cape Town Jazz Festival in 2006. ... Boney M was a Eurodance, pop, and disco group, comprising four West Indian singers and dancers and masterminded by West German record producer Frank Farian, and who were successful during the 1970s. ... The late Daudi Kabaka was a Kenyan-born singer. ...

Popular music in the 1980s and 90s in Kenya could be divided into two genres: the Swahili sound and the Congolese sound. There are varying regional styles, and some performers create tourist-oriented "hotel pop" that is similar to western music. Them Mushrooms, later renamed Uyoga, was one of the popular groups in this era.

In the recent past, newer varieties of modern popular music have arisen which are mostly local derivatives of western hip-hop. Two sub-genres have emerged: "Genge" and "Kapuka" beats. This has revolutionized popular Kenyan music and created an industry dominated by the youth. There is also underground Kenyan hip hop that gets less radio play than Kapuka or Genge due to the fact that it is less club oriented and more focussed on social commentary. Early pioneers include the late Poxi Presha, Kalamashaka, and K-South. Genge music is a genre of hip hop music that had its beginnings in Nairobi, Kenya. ... Poxi Presha (1971-2005), real name Prechard Pouka Olang, was a pioneering Kenyan rapper. ... Kalamashaka (aka K-Shaka) is a hip hop group based in Dandora, a ghetto estate in Nairobi, Kenya. ... K-South was a hip hop group who were among earliest ones to popularize this style of music in Kenya. ...

Mainstream artists include Nameless, Redsan, Necessary Noize, Nonini, Juacali, Kleptomaniax, Longombas, Suzzanna Owiyo, Achieng Abura and others. Their sounds run the gamut from Reggae/Ragga, Pop, Afro-Fusion to Hip-Hop. Contemporary Kenyan music is becoming quite popular, with African based music channels such as Channel O and MTV Base, giving them a greater audience than previously before. David Mathenge (born August 1976), better known for his stage name Nameless, is a Kenyan hip hop artist signed to the Ogopa DJs label. ... Redsan (real name Swabri Mohammed, 1981-) is a ragga musician from Kenya. ... Necessary Noize is Kenyan hip hop group originally composed of female MC/singer Nazizi, singer Wyre and rapper Bamzigi, though Bamzigi later left due to label disputes. ... Nonini (1981-), whose real name is Hubert Nakitare, is a Kenyan hip hop artist originally signed to Calif Records, but later joined Homeboyz Productions after falling out with producer Clemo citing lack of attention to his work. ... Jua Cali whose real name is Paul Nunda (born September 12, 1979) is a MC from Kenya. ... Suzzanna Owiyo is a Kenyan musician. ... Reggae is a music genre developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The MTV logotype, often used in different, less stylized, forms. ...

Many Kenyan performers mix languages in any single song, usually English, Swahili, their tribal language or Sheng (a hybrid of Kenyan languages and English/Swahili). Sheng is a Swahili-based patois, originating in Nairobi, Kenya, and influenced by the many languages spoken there. ...

The Kisima Music Awards, which recognise musical talent across East Africa, were founded and are currently based in Kenya. Every year numerous Kenyan artists take out categories in the scheme. The Kisima Music Awards is an annual awards program that recognises musical talent in East Africa. ...

Sports

Kenya is active in several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football (soccer), rugby union and boxing. But the country is known chiefly for its dominance in long-distance athletics. Kenya has regularly produced Olympic and Commonwealth Games champions in various distance events, especially in 800 m, 1,500 m, 3,000 m steeplechase, 5,000 m, 10,000 m and the marathons. Kenyan athletes (particularly Kalenjin) continue to dominate the world of distance running, although competition from Morocco and Ethiopia has somewhat reduced this supremacy. The former Marathon world record holder, Paul Tergat, and the four-time women's Boston Marathon winner and former world champion, Catherine Ndereba, are among the best-known athletes in Kenya. This article is about the sport. ... Petter Solberg driving on gravel at the 2006 Cyprus Rally, a World Rally Championship event. ... A player (wearing the red kit) has penetrated the defence (in the white kit) and is taking a shot at goal. ... For other uses, see Rugby (disambiguation). ... For other senses of these words, see boxing (disambiguation) or boxer (disambiguation). ... For long track speedskating, see Speed skating. ... A womens 400 m hurdles race on a typical outdoor red rubber track in the Helsinki Olympic Stadium in Finland. ... The five Olympic rings were designed in 1913, adopted in 1914 and debuted at the Games at Antwerp, 1920. ... Current flag of the Commonwealth Games Federation Locations of the games, and participating countries Commonwealth Games Federation seal, adopted in 2001 The Commonwealth Games is a multinational, multi-sport event. ... Kalenjin is an ethnic group of Nilotic origin living in the Great Rift Valley in western Kenya. ... Modern day marathon runners The word marathon refers to a long-distance road running event of 42. ... Paul Tergat breaks marathon record at Berlin Paul Kibii Tergat (born June 17, 1969) is a Kenyan professional athlete. ... The 100th running of the Boston Marathon, 1996 The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon sporting event hosted by the city of Boston, Massachusetts, on Patriots Day, the third Monday of April. ... Catherine Ndereba (born July 21, 1972) is a world class Kenyan marathon runner. ...

Retired Olympic and Commonwealth Games champion Kipchoge Keino, who helped usher in Kenya's ongoing distance dynasty 1970s even before fellow Commonwealth Champion Henry Rono's spectacular string of world record performances, is currently Kenya's most famous sportsman^{[citation needed]}. Kipchoge (Kip) Keino (born January 17, 1940), chairman of the Kenyan Olympic Committee (KOC), is a retired Kenyan athlete and two-time Olympic gold medalist. ... Henry Rono (born February 12, 1952) is a Kenyan athlete, considered a seminal figure of Kenyan distance running. ...

Lately, there has been controversy in Kenyan athletics circles, with the defection of a number of Kenyan athletes to represent other countries, chiefly Bahrain and Qatar^{[citation needed]}. The Kenyan Ministry of Sports has tried to stop the defections, but they have continued anyway, with Bernard Lagat the latest, choosing to represent the [[United States^{[citation needed]}. Bernard Kipchirchir Lagat (b. ...

Cricket is Kenya's most successful team sport. Kenya has competed in the Cricket World Cup since 1996. They upset some of the World's best teams and reached semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. They also won the inaugural World Cricket League Division 1 hosted in Nairobi and participated in the World T20. Their current captain is Steve Tikolo. The Cricket World Cup is the premier international championship of mens One-Day International (ODI) cricket. ... The 1996 Cricket World Cup was won by Sri Lanka who beat Australia by 7 wickets at the final in Lahore. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Steve Tikolo (born June 25, 1971 in Nairobi) is a Kenyan cricketer. ...

Kenya is making a name for itself in rugby union. It is popular in Kenya especially with the annual Safari Sevens tournament. Kenya sevens team ranked 9th in IRB Sevens World Series for the 2006 season. For other uses, see Rugby (disambiguation). ... The 2006 Safari Sevens logo. ... The Kenya national rugby union sevens team compete in the World Sevens Series, and Rugby World Cup Sevens. ...

Kenya has also been a dominant force in ladies' volleyball within Africa, with both the clubs and the national team winning various continental championships in the past decade. The women team has also competed at the Olympics and World Championships but without any notable success. For the ball used in this sport, see Volleyball (ball). ... 2006 Logo The Volleyball World Championship is a mens and womens volleyball competition. ...

Kenya was a regional power in soccer but its dominance has been eroded by wrangles within the Kenya Football Federation^{[citation needed]}. This has led to a suspension by FIFA which was lifted in March, 2007. kenya is not as good as uganda cameroon nigeria and even the countries thaT are dying from aids ... This article is about an international football organization. ...

In the motor rallying arena, Kenya is home to the world famous Safari Rally, commonly acknowledged as one of the toughest rallies in the world^{[citation needed]}, and a part of the World Rally Championship for many years until its exclusion after the 2002 event due to financial difficulties. Some of the best rally drivers in the world have taken part in and won the rally, such as Bjorn Waldegaard, Hannu Mikkola, Tommi Makinen, Shekhar Mehta, Carlos Sainz and Colin McRae. Though the rally still runs annually as part of the Africa rally championship, the organisers are hoping to be allowed to rejoin the World Rally championship in the next couple of years. Petter Solberg driving on gravel at the 2006 Cyprus Rally, a World Rally Championship event. ... Toyota Celica Turbo 4WD ST185 in the 1993 edition The Safari Rally is considered by many to be the worlds toughest rally. ... The World Rally Championship (WRC) is a rallying series organised by the FIA, culminating with a champion driver and manufacturer. ... Björn Waldegård (born November 12, 1943) is a Swedish rally driver. ... Hannu Olavi Mikkola (born 24 May 1942 in Joensuu, Finland) is a retired world champion rally driver. ... Tommi Mäkinen is a now retired Finnish rally driver, born in Puuppola, Finland near Jyväskylä in June 1964. ... Shekhar Mehta (1945–2006) was a Ugandian-born Kenyan Rally driver. ... Colin Steele McRae, MBE (5 August 1968 – 15 September 2007) was a Scottish rally driver from Lanark. ...

Film

Main article: Culture of Kenya

Although the government has not been very supportive of the film industry in Kenya, the country offers some of the most spectacular sceneries and can only be compared to South Africa in regard to producing some of the most talented actors and actresses on the African continent. Due to the nonchalant attitude and lack of enthusiasm exhibited by the government, the industry has remained considerably dormant whereby notable movies shot in the country have been few and far between. The most recent movie is the award winning The Constant Gardener directed by Fernando Meirelles and starring Ralph Fiennes and Rachel Weisz. Other films shot in Kenya in the recent past include the Academy Award winning Nowhere in Africa, Lara Croft Tomb Raider: The Cradle of Life and To Walk with Lions. Sheena, Queen of the Jungle won great acclaim in the 1980s and was one of the first foreign movies to be shot entirely on location in Kenya. Other highly acclaimed films set (and shot) in Kenya include Karen Blixen's Out of Africa, starring Robert Redford and Meryl Streep and directed by Sidney Pollack, and Born Free, an adaptation of the autobiography of Joy Adamson. Notable film actors from Kenya include Paul Onsongo, John Sibi Okumu and Njeri Osaak. A woman in a traditional Kenyan outfit Culture of Kenya - Kenya has no one culture that identifies it. ... Cinema admissions in 1995 The film industry consists of the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking: i. ... For the 2005 film of the same name, see The Constant Gardener (film). ... Fernando Meirelles, born in November 9th, 1955, is a Brazilian film director. ... Ralph Nathaniel Fiennes, (IPA: ), born 22 December 1962) is a Tony Award-winning, Academy Award-nominated and Genie Award-nominated British actor. ... Rachel Weisz (born March 7, 1971) is an Academy Award-winning English film and television actress. ... Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received two honorary Oscars for his contributions to cinema. ... Nowhere in Africa (German title: Nirgendwo in Afrika) is a 2001 German-language film directed by Caroline Link. ... Categories: Movie stubs | Action films | Adventure films | 2003 films | Films based on video games ... To Walk With Lions was a 1999 film based on the book of the same title of George Adamson starring Richard Harris as Adamson and John Michie as Tony Fitzjohn. ... Baroness Karen von Blixen-Finecke (April 17, 1885 – September 7, 1962), née Karen Dinesen, was a Danish author also known under her pen name Isak Dinesen. ... For the 1985 film based on this novel, see Out of Africa (film). ... Robert Redford (born Charles Robert Redford, Jr. ... Mary Louise Streep, mostly known as Meryl Streep (born June 22, 1949) is an Academy Award-winning American actress who has worked in theatre, television, and film. ... Sidney Pollack started out as actor both on stage and television after graduating from the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York. ... Born Free is a book written by Joy Adamson in the 1960s about an orphaned Kenya. ... Joy Adamson (January 20, 1910 – January 3, 1980) was a naturalist, best known as the author and main character of the book, Born Free, which described her experiences in saving the life of a lioness, Elsa. ... John Sibi Okumu is a fine Kenyan actor cum journalist who has featured in many kenyan productions. ... Njeri Luseno also known as Njeri Osaak is a renowned Kenyan actress who has immensely contributed to the Kenyan film industry. ...

The Kenya Film Commission (KFC) was established by the Kenyan government in 2005, but only became fully operational in mid-2006. The Commission was formed with the aim of promoting the Kenyan film industry both locally and internationally. It offers detailed information on Kenyan filming locations as well as liaison services on behalf of the government. The Commission also advises on recce’s, film licensing and immigration requirements as well as facilitate the filming process for film makers. The Kenya Film Commission (KFC) was established by the Kenyan government in 2005. ...

Die Weiße Massai (The White Masai), a German movie about a Swiss Woman who fell in love with a Samburu warrior (Maasai); won an Award of the best Foreign language Movie (2006). The White Masai (German: Die weiße Massai), directed by Hermine Huntgeburth, is a 2005 movie about Swiss woman Carola (Nina Hoss) falling in love in Kenya with Masai Lemalian (Jacky Ido). ...

Rise and Fall of Idi Amin, based on the Ugandan dictator, was shot in Kenya and is considered one of the most successful movies produced and directed by a Kenyan (Sharad Patel). Indigenous Kenyan filmmakers include Ingolo Wa Keya, Albert Wandago and Judy Kibinge. Rise and Fall of Idi Amin, also known as Amin: The Rise and Fall, is a bloody exploitation film and biopic directed in 1980 by Sharad Patel and starring Joseph Olita as Idi Amin. ...

Nowhere in Africa (Nirgendwo in Afrika - 2001), an award-winning German production, tells a story about German Jewish refugees living in Kenya during Second World War. Most of the movie is set in Kenya and numerous scenes show actors, either Kenyans or main German actors, speaking Swahili. Nowhere in Africa (German title: Nirgendwo in Afrika) is a 2001 German-language film directed by Caroline Link. ...

Television

Acting for television has proved popular with the Kenyan audience. This genre has been around from the 1960s when actors like Mzee Pembe graced the Kenyan television screen. Others, like Benson Wanjau (Ojwang' Hatari) and Mary Khavere (Mama Kayai), followed later with their rib-cracking comedies presented exclusively in Kiswahili, reaching millions of households courtesy of Kenya Broadcasting Corporation television station. Serious Television drama was witnessed for the first time in the early 1990s with the entry of popular actors like Packson Ngugi, BMJ Muriithi and Betty Achieng' alongside other thespians who featured in a variety of TV shows following the liberalization of the airwaves by the Kenyan government. However, Tushauriane, a Swahili television series featuring Kenyan fine actors like Dennis Kashero and Tony Msalame had premiered in the late 1980s becoming arguably one of the most popular productions to ever hit the Kenyan TV screens. A new genre in the form of stand-up comedy followed when the late actor Joni Nderitu entered the scene. The new style was later to be perfected by the group, 'Redykyulass', comprised of a trio of young Kenyans - Walter Mong'are, Tony Njuguna and John Kiare (KJ) - who specialised in political satire. They lampooned not only the establishment but the then Kenyan President, Daniel Arap Moi [4] as well. The lampooning of the Kenyan head of state was unprecedented and could have easily led to their prosecution, or even detention without trial, had it been done in the 1980s, when mimicking the head of state and exhibiting any form of political dissent was considered treasonable. Other Stations known to promote theater in Kenya include Nation TV, Kenya Television Network (KTN) an Citizen TV, all based in the nation's capital. A genre [], (French: kind or sort from Greek: γένος (genos)) is a loose set of criteria for a category of literary composition; the term is also used for any other form of art or utterance. ... Comedy is the use of humour in the performing arts. ... Kiswahili is an alternative name for the Swahili language, derived from the expression lugha ya Kiswahili, which is what speakers of Swahili call their language. ... Kenya Broadcasting Corporation (KBC) is the state run media (Radio and Television) organization. ... Packson Ngugi is one of the few Kenyan actors who have immensely contributed to theatre development in the country. ... See TV (disambiguation) for other uses and Television (band) for the rock band European networks National In much of Europe television broadcasting has historically been state dominated, rather than commercially organised, although commercial stations have grown in number recently. ... In general, liberalization refers to a relaxation of previous government restrictions, usually in areas of social or economic policy. ... Airwaves is an album by Badfinger, recorded in 1978 and released 1979. ... Swahili (also called Kiswahili; see Kiswahili for a discussion of the nomenclature) is an agglutinative Bantu language widely spoken in East Africa. ... Daniel Toroitich arap Moi (born September 2, 1924) was the President of Kenya from 1978 until 2002. ...

A Satellite and Internet-based 24-hour pan-African TV channel, A24, is scheduled to start broadcasting from Nairobi in 2008. This will be in honor and memory of world-renowned and award winning Kenyan Photojournalist, Mohammed Amin. For other uses, see Satellite (disambiguation). ... A24 is a proposed independent pan-African 24-hour news and information channel, an African voice for Africa. It aims to start broadcasting from Nairobi, Kenya in 2008 by satellite and cable television, radio and the internet. ... Shri Mohammed Amin a politician from Communist Party of India (Marxist) is presently a Member of the Parliament of India representing West Bengal in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament. ...

Theatre

Kenya holds one of the biggest annual drama events, the Kenya schools and colleges drama festival, in the south of Sahara. The Kenya National Theatre is based in Nairobi opposite the Norfolk Hotel. Notable theatre performing groups include Festival of Creative Arts that stages regular stage performances at both the Kenya National Theatre and Alliance Francaise, Phoenix Players based at the Professional Centre, Heartsrings Ensemble and Mombasa Little Theatre Club based in Mombasa. Notable names on the Kenyan theatre scene include the late actresses Stella Awinja Muka and Anne Wanjugu. Renowned director Tirus Gathwe cut a niche for himself and is perhaps the most well known theatre directors in Kenya today.In the late 1990s through the early 2000s, the late Wahome Mutahi followed in the footsteps of the legendary Ngugi Wa Thiong'o when he, through Igiza Productions, teamed up with Tirus Gathwe and embarked on a project dubbed "taking Theatre to the people" which saw them stage numerous productions, mainly political Satires, at nightspots throughout the country. Kenya National Theatre is a national organisation bringing performing artists together. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Wahome Mutahi (October 24, 1954 – July 22, 2003) was one of the most beloved humourists of Kenya. ... Ngũgĩ wa Thiongo signs copies of his new book Wizard of the Crow. In London at the Congress Centre in central London. ... Politics is the process by which decisions are made within groups. ... For other uses, see Country (disambiguation). ...

Literary perspective

A giraffe at Nairobi National Park, with Nairobi's skyline in background.

Main article: Literature of Kenya

Ngugi wa Thiong'o, is one of the best known writers of Kenya. His book, Weep Not, Child is an illustration of life in Kenya during the British occupation. This is a story about the effects of the Mau Mau on the lives of black Kenyans. Its combination of themes - colonialism, education, and love - help to make it one of the best-known novels in Africa. Image File history File linksMetadata Giraffe_nairobi_natl_park. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Giraffe_nairobi_natl_park. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Range map The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is an African even-toed ungulate mammal, the tallest of all land-living animal species. ... Nairobi National Park is 117 km² but is only a few km from the centre of Nairobi, the capital city of Kenya. ... Kenyan literature describes literature which comes from the African country of Kenya. ... Ngũgĩ wa Thiongo signs copies of his new book Wizard of the Crow. In London at the Congress Centre in central London. ... Weep Not, Child is the controversial[1] first novel by Kenyan author Ngũgĩ wa Thiongo. ... It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ...

M.G. Vassanji's 2003 novel The In-Between World of Vikram Lall won the Giller Prize in 2003. It is the fictional memoir of a Kenyan of Indian heritage and his family as they adjust to the changing political climates in colonial and post-colonial Kenya. Moyez G. Vassanji (who writes as M.G. Vassanji) is a Kenyan/Canadian novelist. ... The Giller Prize is an annual award that goes to the author of the best Canadian novel or short story fiction collection published in English. ...

Since 2003, the literary journal Kwani? has been publishing Kenyan contemporary literature. Kwani? is a journal founded by some of Kenyas most exciting new writers, including Binyavanga Wainaina and published by Kwani Trust. ...

See also

Mount Kenya is the highest peak in Kenya at 5,199 m (17,042 ft).^[5] Kenya is named after the mountain.^[6]

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ... Mount Kenya has a low profile typical of a shield volcano. ... Telephones - main lines in use: 310,000 (2001) Telephones - mobile cellular phone: 540,000 (2001) Telephone system: unreliable; little attempt to modernize except for service to business domestic: trunks are primarily microwave radio relay; data commonly transferred by a very small aperature terminal (VSAT) system international: satellite earth stations - 4... Political corruption in the post-colonial government of Kenya has had a history which spans the era of the Jomo Kenyatta and Daniel arap Mois KANU governments to the Mwai Kibakis NARC government. ... Despite internal tensions in Sudan and Ethiopia, Kenya has maintained good relations with its northern neighbors. ... Kenyan Embassy in Washington DC Listed below are the diplomatic missions of Kenya (excluding honorary consulates). ... A Gîkûyû woman in traditional dress. ... Kenyas official languages are Swahili and English but there are a total of 62 languages spoken in Kenya, most being African languages with a minority of Middle-Eastern and Asian languages spoken by descendants of settlers. ... // The Kenyan military is a professional force that supports existing civil authorities. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require rewriting and/or reformatting. ... The national park system of Kenya is maintained by the Kenya Wildlife Service. ... This is a list of cities in Kenya: Bungoma Dadaab Eldoret Garissa Homa Bay Kakamega Kisumu Kitale Lamu Lodwar Machakos Muiga Malindi Mandera Marsabit Meru Mombasa Moyale Nyeri Nairobi Naivasha Nakuru Namanga Narumoro Nanyuki Samburu Wajir Webuye See also: List of cities External link Map Categories: Lists of cities ... The following lists give a categorised overview of notable people from the East African country of Kenya: // Me Katilili Wa Menza, Mother of colonial resistance Koitalel Arap Samoei, Orkoiyot assassinated by British Dedan Kimathi, Mau Mau, fighter assassinated by British Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Ramogi Achieng Oneko Paul Ngei Lwanda Magere...

Notes and references

7. http://www.bluegecko.org/kenya/ 8. http://www.homestead.com/wysinger/ancientafrica.html The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom (and the Kingdom of Great Britain before the United Kingdom existed) since 1788 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. ...

External links

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	News stories from Wikinews
	Learning resources from Wikiversity

Government

• Government SpokepersonOffice of the Government Spokesperson of the Republic of Kenya.
• Government of Kenya Official site.
• Kenya Law Reports Kenyan Legislation, Case Law, Official Gazette Notices and legal Info.
• State House Kenya Official site State House, Kenya.
• Central Bank of Kenya Currency exchange rates official site.
• Kenya Investment Authority Provides information on investing.
• Kenya Airways Main Kenyan airline.
• Kenya Airports Authority Information on Kenyan Airports.
• Kenya Ports Authority Information on Kenyan seaports.
• Administration PoliceAdministration Police Force
• Kenya Police Force Kenya Police Force.
• Kenya Wildlife Services Agency that conserves, protects and manages Kenya's diverse wildlife and parks.
• Kenya Tourist Board Promotes and Market’s Kenya as a tourist destination both locally and internationally.
• Kenya Film Commission (Filming Kenya) Official guide to filming in Kenya.

News

• Kenya Broadcasting Corporation State run media organization
• Daily Nation Online Local independent newspaper
• Business Daily Africa Kenya's Financial Daily
• The East African Authoritative Weekly
• East African Business Week Business News for Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi
• The Standard Online Local independent newspaper
• allAfrica.com - Kenya news headlines

Overviews

• Rural poverty in Kenya (IFAD)
• Kenyan View A photographic approach to Kenya's beauty.
• BBC - Country profile: Kenya
• Encyclopaedia Britannica, Kenya - Country Page
• CIA World Factbook - Kenya
• US State Department - Kenya includes Background Notes, Country Study and major reports
• Guardian (UK) Special Report Recent reports and

Directories

• Columbia University Libraries - Kenya directory category of the WWW-VL
• Open Directory Project - Kenya directory category
• Stanford University - Africa South of the Sahara: Kenya directory category
• East African Web Directory Kenya Web sites

Resources

• myafricatoday.blogspot.com current news, events and statistics
• Free Kenyan Law Resource - Kenya All the statutory laws of Kenya
• Information on Kenyans, their culture and traditions
• UNESCO Nairobi Office - Education Sector Clearinghouse
• Solar cooking history and recent developments in Kenya

Travel & Tourism

• Kenya Tourist Board (Magical Kenya) Official travel and tourism guide.
• Kenya Safaris Guide Kenya national parks information and travel guide.
• Kenya travel guide from Wikitravel

History

• 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica on the Kenya Colony
• 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica on the 1908 Demarcation of the Ethiopian-Kenyan Border

v • d • e Provinces, cities, towns, and districts of Kenya

Provinces Central · Coast · Eastern · Nairobi · North Eastern · Nyanza · Rift Valley · Western Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links Wikibooks-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiquote-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiversity-logo-Snorky. ... The International Fund for Agricultural Development is an agency of the United Nations. ... Wikitravel is a project to create an open content, complete, up-to-date, and reliable world-wide travel guide. ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Lists of subnational entities | Kenya ... There are four classes of Local authorities in Kenya: City, Municipality, Town and County council. ... The provinces of Kenya are subdivided into districts (wilaya). ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Lists of subnational entities | Kenya ... Kenyas Central Province covers the area around Mt. ... Coast Province is a province of Kenya. ... The Eastern Province of Kenya is one of seven regions of the country. ... Nairobi Province is one of eight provinces in Kenya. ... . North Eastern is one of Kenyas administrative provinces. ... The capital of Kenyas Nyanza Province, on Lake Victoria, is Kisumu (click to enlarge map) Nyanza Province of Kenya, on Lake Victoria, is one of Kenyas seven administrative provinces outside Nairobi; it is in the southwest corner of Kenya. ... Rift Valley is the largest and one of the most economically vibrant provinces in Kenya. ... Location of Western Province in Kenya Western Province is an administrative division of Kenya, bordering Uganda. ... Main cities and towns Baragoi · Bungoma · Busia · Eldoret · Embu · Garissa · Hola · Homa Bay · Isiolo · Kajiado · Kakamega · Kapenguria · Kericho · Kiambu · Kilifi · Kisii · Kisumu · Kitale · Kitui · Limuru · Lodwar · Lokichokio · Loiyangalani · Lamu · Machakos · Malindi · Mandera · Maralal · Marsabit · Meru · Mombasa · Moyale · Mumias · Murang'a · Nairobi · Naivasha · Nakuru · Namanga · Nanyuki · Narok · Nyahururu · Nyeri · Ruiru · Thika · Voi · Wajir · Webuye · Wundanyi There are four classes of Local authorities in Kenya: City, Municipality, Town and County council. ... Baragoi is a market town in Kenya, lying north of Maralal and east of the Suguta Valley. ... Bungoma is a town in Western Province of Kenya, bordered by Uganda in the west. ... Busia is a town on the Kenya-Uganda border in Busia District, Kenya and Busia District, Uganda. ... Eldoret is northwest of Nairobi, near Uganda (click map to enlarge) Eldoret is a town in western Kenya and the administrative centre of Uasin Gishu District of Rift Valley Province. ... Location of Embu in Kenya Embu is a large town in Kenya, located approximately 120 kilometers (75 miles) northeast of Nairobi toward Mount Kenya. ... Garissa is east of Nairobi, toward Somalia (click map to enlarge) Garissa is a city in North Eastern Province, Kenya. ... Hola, also known as Galole is a small town in Kenya on the Tana River with a population of 6931 [1]. Hola is the capital of the Tana River District, in the Coast Province Camp Hola was the site of the Hola massacre in 1959, which saw eleven Kenyans killed... Homa Bay, on Winam Gulf, Lake Victoria, Kenya; View from atop Mount Homa. ... Isiolo is a town and Catholic diocese in central Kenya. ... Kajiado is a town in the Rift Valley Province, Kenya. ... Location of Kakamega in Kenya Kakamega is a town in western Kenya lying about 30 km north of the Equator. ... Kapenguria is a town lying north east of Kitale on the A1 road in Kenya. ... Kericho is a town in southwestern Kenya, and is also the headquarters of Kenyas Kericho District. ... Kiambu is a town in Central Province, Kenya. ... Kilifi is a beach resort on the coast of Kenya. ... This article refers to the city of kisii. ... Kisumu ( ) is a port city in western Kenya at 1131m, with a population of 322,024 (1999 census). ... Kitale is an agricultural town in western Kenya situated between Mount Elgon and the Cherengani Hills at an elevation of around 7000 feet. ... Kitui is a rural town in Kenya, 130 kilometres East of Nairobi and 75 kilometres East of Machakos. ... Limuru is a city in central Kenya. ... Lodwar is the largest town in northwestern Kenya, lying west of Lake Turkana on the A1 road. ... Lokichokio is a town in the Turkana district, northwestern of Kenya. ... Located on the Eastern coast, Loiyangalani has an airstrip, post office, fishing station, two campsites and a luxury lodge, all surrounded by the homes of the Turkana people. ... Lamu town is the largest town on Lamu Island, which in turn is a part of the Lamu Archipelago in Kenya, (coordinates ). Lamu town is also the headquarters of Lamu District. ... Machakos is a district in Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Malindi is a city in Kenya that has been a Swahili settlement since the 14th century. ... Mandera is a town in North Eastern Province, Kenya. ... Maralal Maralal is a small hillside market town in northern Kenya, lying east of the Loroghi Plateau within the Samburu District. ... Introduction Marsabit is a massive, 6300 sq km basaltic shield volcano located 170km east of the center of east African Rift. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya, lying on the Indian Ocean. ... Moyale is a town on the border of Ethiopia and Kenya, with parts of it existing in both countries. ... Mumias is a town in the Western Province of Kenya. ... Muranga lies between Nairobi and Mount Kenya Muranga (also spelled as Muranga) is a town in Central Province of Kenya. ... Nairobi (pronounced IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ... The town of Naivasha is northwest of Nairobi (lower center), toward the Uganda border (click map to enlarge). ... Nakuru is northwest of Nairobi, at Lake Nakuru (click map to enlarge) Nakuru, the provincial capital of Kenyas Rift Valley province, with roughly 300,000 inhabitants, and currently the fourth largest urban centre in the country, lies about 1850 m above sea level. ... Namanga is a town on the border of Kenya and Tanzania. ... Nanyuki is a market town in central Kenya, lying north west of Mount Kenya. ... Location of Narok in Kenya Narok is west of Nairobi, along the Great Rift Valley (click map to enlarge) Narok is an old town west of Nairobi in south-west Kenya, along the Great Rift Valley. ... Nyahururu is the capital of Nyandarua district . ... Nyeri is a town and a district in Kenya about 120km north of the capital Nairobi. ... Ruiru is a town in the Thika District of Kenya’s Central Province. ... Thika is a market town in Central Province, Kenya, lying on the A2 road north east of Nairobi, and on the Thika River. ... Voi is a market town in southern Kenya, lying on the edge of the Tsavo National Park. ... Wajir is a town in North Eastern Province, Kenya. ... Webuye is an industrial town in Bungoma district of Kenya. ... Wundanyi is a town lying in the Taita Hills of southern Kenya, west of Voi. ... Districts Baringo · Bomet · Bondo · Bungoma · Buret · Busia · Butere/Mumias · Embu · Garissa · Gucha · Homa Bay · Ijara · Isiolo · Kajiado · Kakamega · Keiyo · Kericho · Kiambu · Kilifi · Kirinyaga · Kisii · Kisumu · Kitui · Koibatek · Kuria · Kwale · Laikipia · Lamu · Lugari · Machakos · Makueni · Malindi · Mandera · Maragua · Marakwet · Marsabit · Mbeere · Meru Central · Meru North · Meru South · Migori · Mombasa · Mount Elgon · Moyale · Muranga · Mwingi · Nairobi · Nakuru · Nandi · Narok · Nyamira · Nyandarua · Nyando · Nyeri · Rachuonyo · Samburu · Siaya · Suba · Taita-Taveta · Tana River · Teso · Tharaka · Thika · Trans Mara · Trans-Nzoia · Turkana · Uasin Gishu · Vihiga · Wajir · West Pokot The provinces of Kenya are subdivided into districts (wilaya). ... Baringo District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Bomet District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Bondo District is an administrative district in the Nyanza Province of Kenya. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Buret District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Busia is a district in Western Kenya. ... Butere/Mumias District is an administrative district in the Western Province of Kenya. ... Embu District is an administrative District in the Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Garissa District is an administrative district in the North Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Gucha District is in Nyanza Province, western Kenya. ... Homa Bay District is an administrative district in the Nyanza Province of Kenya. ... Ijara is a district in the North Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Isiolo District is an administrative district in Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Kajiado District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Keiyo District (also known as Elgeyo district) is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Kericho is a district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Kiambu District is an administrative district in the Central Province of Kenya. ... Kilifi District is an administrative district in the Coast Province of Kenya. ... Kirinyaga District is an administrative district in the Central Province of Kenya. ... Kisii District is one of the twelve districts of Nyanza Province in southwest Kenya, and is divided into five local authorities and eleven administrative districts. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Kitui District is an administrative district in the Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Koibatek District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Kuria District is an administrative district in the Nyanza Province of Kenya. ... Kwale District is an administrative district in the Coast Province of Kenya. ... Laikipia District is one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya, located on the Equator in the central region of the country. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Lugari District is one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya, located in that countrys Western Province. ... Machakos District is an administrative district in the Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Makueni District is an administrative district in the Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Malindi District is an administrative district in the Coast Province of Kenya. ... Mandera District is an administrative district in the North Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Maragua District is one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya, located in the Central Province. ... Marakwet District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Marsabit District is an administrative District in the Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Mbeere District is an administrative district in the Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Meru Central District is one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya, located in that countrys Eastern Province. ... Meru North District is one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya, located in that countrys Eastern Province. ... Meru South District is one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya, located in that countrys Eastern Province. ... Migori District is an administrative district in the Nyanza Province of Kenya. ... Mombasa District is one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya. ... Mount Elgon District (Mt. ... Moyale District is an administrative district in the Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Muranga lies between Nairobi and Mount Kenya Muranga (also spelled as Muranga) is one of the districts of Kenyas Central Province. ... Mwingi is a town in the Eastern Province of Kenya. ... Nairobi (pronounced IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ... Nakuru District, is a district in the Rift Valley Province, Kenya. ... Nandi District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Narok District is an administrative district in Kenya. ... Nyamira District is an administrative district in the Nyanza Province of Kenya. ... Nyandarua District is an administrative district in the Central Province of Kenya. ... Nyando district is a fairly new district in Kenya which broke away from Kisumu District in Nyanza Province in 1998. ... Nyeri District is district in the Central Province of Kenya. ... Rachuonyo District is an administrative district in the Nyanza Province of Kenya. ... Samburu District is an area of roughly 8000 square miles (21,000 km²) in northern Kenya where the Samburu tribe live. ... Siaya District is one of the 12 districts that comprise Kenyan Nyanza Province. ... Suba District is an administrative district in the Nyanza Province of Kenya. ... Taita Taveta-District is one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya, located in the Coast Province of that country. ... Tana River District is a district of Coast Province, Kenya. ... Teso District is an administrative district in the Western Province of Kenya. ... Tharaka District is one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya, located in that countrys Eastern Province. ... Thika District is an administrative district in the Central Province of Kenya. ... Trans Mara District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Trans-Nzoia District is an administrative district of Rift Valley Province, Kenya. ... Turkana District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... Uasin Gishu District is a political region of Kenya in the Rift Valley. ... Vihiga District is an administrative district in the Western Province of Kenya. ... Wajir District is an administrative district in the North Eastern Province of Kenya. ... West Pokot District is an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ...

v • d • e Countries of Africa

West Africa Image File history File links Flag_of_Kenya. ... This list of countries, arranged alphabetically, gives an overview of countries of the world. ...  Eastern Africa (UN subregion)  East African Community  Central African Federation (defunct)  geographic, including above East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easternmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. ... This is an alphabetical list of African countries and dependencies. ... Image File history File links LocationWesternAfrica. ... Benin · Burkina Faso · Cape Verde · Côte d'Ivoire · The Gambia · Ghana · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · Liberia · Mali · Mauritania · Niger · Nigeria · Senegal · Sierra Leone · Togo North Africa Image File history File links LocationNorthernAfrica. ... Algeria · Egypt1 · Libya · Mauritania · Morocco · Sudan · Tunisia · Western Sahara Central Africa Image File history File links LocationCentralMiddleAfrica. ... Angola · Burundi · Cameroon · Central African Republic · Chad · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Equatorial Guinea · Gabon · Republic of the Congo · Rwanda · São Tomé and Príncipe East Africa Image File history File links LocationEasternAfrica. ... Burundi · Comoros · Djibouti · Eritrea · Ethiopia · Kenya · Madagascar · Malawi · Mauritius · Mozambique · Rwanda · Seychelles · Somalia · Tanzania · Uganda · Zambia · Zimbabwe Southern Africa Image File history File links LocationSouthernAfrica. ... Botswana · Lesotho · Namibia · South Africa · Swaziland Dependencies  |  Unrecognized British Indian Ocean Territory (UK) · Mayotte (France) · Réunion (France) · St. Helena2 (UK)  |  Canary Islands (Spain) · Ceuta (Spain) · Madeira (Portugal) · Melilla (Spain) · Socotra (Yemen) · Puntland · Somaliland · Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic A dependent territory, dependent area or dependency is a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a State. ... The list of unrecognized countries enumerates those geo-political entities which lack general diplomatic recognition, but wish to be recognized as sovereign states. ... For other uses, see Saint Helena (disambiguation). ... Anthem: Arrorró Capital Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife Official language(s) Spanish Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 13th  7,447 km²  1. ... Capital Ceuta City Official language(s) Spanish Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked  28 km²   Population  â€“ Total (2006)  â€“ % of Spain  â€“ Density Ranked  75,861    2,709. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... Capital Official language(s) Spanish Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked  20 km²   Population  â€“ Total (2006)  â€“ % of Spain  â€“ Density Ranked  66,871    3,343. ... Map of the Socotra archipelago Socotra or Soqotra (Arabic سقطرى ; ) is a small archipelago of four islands and islets in the Indian Ocean off the coast of the Horm Africa some 350 km south of the Arabian peninsula. ... Motto None Anthem Puntland Somali National Anthem Capital Garowe (Administrative), Bosaso (Commercial) Largest city Bosaso Official languages Somali and Arabic Government  -  President Mohamud Muse Hersi  -  Vice-President Hassan Dahir Mohamud Autonomy Inside Somalia   -  Declared 1998   -  Recognition   Area  -  Total 212,510 km km² (84th) n/a sq mi   -  Water (%) Negl. ... For other territories formerly called Somaliland, see Somaliland (disambiguation). ... Motto: حرية ديمقراطية وحدة (Arabic) Liberty, Democracy, Unity Anthem: Yābaniy Es-Saharā  listen This map indicates the territory claimed by the SADR, viz. ... 1 Partly in Asia.  2 Includes the dependencies of Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha. This is a list of countries spanning more than one continent. ... Anthem: God Save the Queen Capital Georgetown Largest city Georgetown Official languages English Government Dependency of St. ... Motto Our faith is our strength Anthem God Save the Queen Capital (and largest city) Edinburgh of the Seven Seas Official languages English Government Dependency of St. ...

v • d • e Countries and territories bordering the Indian Ocean
Africa	Comoros · Djibouti · Eritrea · Kenya · Madagascar · Mauritius · Mayotte · Mozambique · Seychelles · Somalia · Somaliland · South Africa · Sudan · Tanzania
Asia	Bahrain · Bangladesh · Christmas Island · Cocos (Keeling) Islands · India · Indonesia · Iran · Iraq · Kuwait · Malaysia · Maldives · Myanmar · Oman · Pakistan · Qatar · Saudi Arabia · Sri Lanka · Thailand · United Arab Emirates · Yemen
Oceania	Australia · Christmas Island · Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Islands	Bahrain · British Indian Ocean Territory · Christmas Island · Cocos (Keeling) Islands · Madagascar · Maldives · Mauritius · Mayotte · Seychelles · Sri Lanka

v • d • e African Union (AU)

Algeria · Angola · Benin · Botswana · Burkina Faso · Burundi · Cameroon · Cape Verde · Central African Republic · Chad · Comoros · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Republic of the Congo · Côte d'Ivoire · Djibouti · Egypt · Eritrea · Ethiopia · Equatorial Guinea · Gabon · The Gambia · Ghana · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · Kenya · Lesotho · Liberia · Libya · Madagascar · Malawi · Mali · Mauritania · Mauritius · Mozambique · Namibia · Niger · Nigeria · Rwanda · Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic · São Tomé and Príncipe · Senegal · Seychelles · Sierra Leone · Somalia · South Africa · Sudan · Swaziland · Tanzania · Togo · Tunisia · Uganda · Zambia · Zimbabwe

v • d • e Afro-Asiatic-speaking nations

v • d • e Berber  Algeria  Egypt The Afro-Asiatic languages constitute a language family (Languages of Africa) with about 375 languages (SIL estimate) and more than 300 million speakers spread throughout North Africa, East Africa, West Africa, Central Africa, and Southwest Asia (including some 200 million speakers of Arabic). ... The Berber languages (or Tamazight) are a group of closely related languages mainly spoken in Morocco and Algeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Algeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ...  Libya  Mali Image File history File links Flag_of_Libya. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mali. ...  Mauritania  Morocco Image File history File links Flag_of_Mauritania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Morocco. ...  Niger  Tunisia Image File history File links Flag_of_Niger. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Tunisia. ... v • d • e Chadic  Cameroon  Central African Republic  Chad The Chadic languages are a language family spoken across northern Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Central African Republic and Cameroon, belonging to the Afro-Asiatic phylum. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cameroon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Chad. ...  Niger  Nigeria Image File history File links Flag_of_Niger. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nigeria. ... v • d • e Cushitic Cushitic  Djibouti  Eritrea The Cushitic languages are a subgroup of the Afro-Asiatic languages, named after the Biblical figure Cush by analogy with Semitic. ... The Cushitic languages are a subgroup of the Afro-Asiatic languages, named after the Biblical figure Cush by analogy with Semitic. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Djibouti. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Eritrea. ...  Ethiopia  Kenya Image File history File links Flag_of_Ethiopia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Kenya. ...  Somalia Image File history File links Flag_of_Somalia. ... Beja  Egypt  Eritrea Beja (also called Bedawi, Bedauye, To Bedawie) is an Afro-Asiatic language of the southern coast of the Red Sea, spoken by about two million nomads in parts of Egypt, Sudan, and Eritrea. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Eritrea. ...  Sudan Image File history File links Flag_of_Sudan. ... v • d • e Egyptian     Egypt v • d • e Omotic  Ethiopia v • d • e Semitic Arabic / Maltese  Algeria  Bahrain  Egypt  Iraq  Israel  Jordan Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ... The Omotic languages are Afro-Asiatic languages spoken in northeast Africa. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ethiopia. ... 14th century BC diplomatic letter in Akkadian, found in Tell Amarna. ... Arabic redirects here. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Algeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bahrain. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jordan. ...  Kuwait  Lebanon  Libya  Malta  Mauritania  Morocco Image File history File links Flag_of_Kuwait. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lebanon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Libya. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Malta. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mauritania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Morocco. ...  Oman  PNA  Qatar  Saudi Arabia  Sudan1 Image File history File links Flag_of_Oman. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... This article is about the Palestinian territories as a geopolitical phenomenon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Qatar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sudan. ...  Syria  Tunisia  UAE  W. Sahara  Yemen Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Tunisia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates. ... This article is about the United Arab Emirates. ... Western Sahara (Arabic: الصحراء الغربية; transliterated: ; Spanish: Sahara Occidental) is a territory of northwestern Africa, bordered by Morocco to the north, Algeria in the northeast, Mauritania to the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean on the west. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Yemen. ... Northwest Semitic2  Iraq  Israel  Syria The Northwest Semitic languages form a medium-level division of the Semitic language family. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... South Semitic  Eritrea  Ethiopia  Oman  Yemen South Semitic is one of the three macro-classifications in Semitic linguistics, the other two being North Semitic (e. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Eritrea. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ethiopia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Oman. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Yemen. ... 1 excluding Southern Sudan.    2 Aramaic and Hebrew.