Kharkiv Oblast (Харківська область, Kharkivs’ka oblast’ in Ukrainian; Харьковская область, Khar’kovskaya oblast’ in Russian) is an oblast of eastern Ukraine. The oblast borders Russia to the north, Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the south-east, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the south-west, Poltava Oblast to the west and Sumy Oblast to the north-west. The area of the oblast is 31,400 km², corresponding to 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine. 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Population density can be used as a measurement of any tangible item. ... See rayon for the textile made of processed cellulose. ... Ukrainian is an East Slavic language, one of three members of this language group, the other two being Russian and Belarusian. ... Russian (русский язык  listen?) is the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages. ... An oblast (Russian, Ukrainian: о́бласть) is a name for the subnational entity of Bulgaria, Russian Federation, Ukraine, and the former Soviet Union. ... Ukraine (Україна, Ukrayina in Ukrainian; Украина in Russian) is a republic in eastern Europe which borders Russia to the east, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest and the Black Sea to the south. ... The Russian Federation (Russian: Росси́йская Федера́ция, transliteration: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya or Rossijskaja Federacija), or Russia (Russian: Росси́я, transliteration: Rossiya or Rossija), is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of eastern Europe and northern Asia. ...

The oblast is the third most populous region of Ukraine, with a population of 2,857,751 (as of 2004), more than half (1.5 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv (Kharkov), the oblast's capital. While the Russian language is primarily spoken in the city of Kharkiv, elsewhere in the oblast most inhabitants speak a mixture of Russian and Ukrainian called Surzhik. 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kharkiv ( ukr: Ха́рків; rus: Ха́рьков, Kharkov) is the second largest city in Ukraine, a center of Kharkivska oblast. It is situated in the northeast of the country and has a population of two million. ... In politics a capital (also called capital city or political capital — although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... Surzhyk (суржик) is a pidgin language spoken in parts of Ukraine. ...

History

The territory of the Kharkiv oblast has been permanently inhabited since at least the late Paleolithic period (10,000–12,000 years ago) but archaeological evidence indicates a human (Neanderthal) presence as early as the Mousterian period some 80,000 years ago. The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic – lit. ... Binomial name Homo neanderthalensis King, 1864 The Neanderthal or Neandertal was a species of genus Homo (Homo neanderthalensis) that inhabited Europe and parts of western Asia from about 230,000 to 29,000 years ago (in the Middle Palaeolithic, early Stone Age). ...

The territory was relatively sparsely inhabited until the 1630s, when large numbers of Ukrainians began to settle there before and during the Chmielnicki Uprising. Most of the settlers were migrants from the Dnieper region, many of whom were fleeing fighting between Cossacks, Poles and Tatars. They called the newly settled region the Sloboda Ukraine ("Free Ukraine") or Slobozhanshchina, as the area is still sometimes called, and ruled it from the newly established fortress-city of Kharkov (founded 1656). In 1654, the region was incorporated into Muscovy (and subsequently the Russian Empire) under the terms of the Treaty of Pereyaslav. Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century Decades: 1580s 1590s 1600s 1610s 1620s - 1630s - 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s 1680s Years: 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 Events and Trends Thirty Years War in full swing in Europe September 8, 1636 - A vote of the Great and... The Ukrainians are a Slavic people of central-eastern Europe. ... Chmielnicki Uprising or Chmielnicki Rebellion is the name of a civil war in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the years 1648–1654. ... This article is about the river. ... This article needs cleanup. ... The Poles are a western Slavic ethnic group primarily associated with Poland and the Polish language. ... Tatars or Tartars is a collective name applied to the Turkic-speaking people of Europe and Asia. ... Events Masuria is devastated during the Deluge when it was raided by Tartars and Poles End of the war started in 1648 between Poland, Ducal Prussia, Russia and Transylvania. ... Events April 5 - Signing of the Treaty of Westminster, ending the First Anglo-Dutch War. ... This article is about Muscovite Russia. ... Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of Russian history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start... Pereyaslav Rada The Treaty of Pereyaslav was concluded in 1654 in the Ukrainian city of Pereyaslav during the meeting known as Pereyaslavska Uhoda (Pereyaslav Treaty). ...

Over the next 340 years, the area became heavily Russified. Kharkov itself became the cultural and administrative centre of the Russian Empire in the mid-18th century, and served as the capital of the Ukrainian SSR from 1919 until 1934, when the Soviet authorities moved the capital back to Kiev. The modern Kharkiv oblast is a relatively recent creation, having been established on 27 February 1932. It saw major fighting during World War II in several Battles of Kharkov between 1941 and 1943. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... State motto: Пролетарі всіх країн, єднайтеся! Official language None. ... 1919 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1934 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Soviet Union - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... Kiev (Київ, Kyiv, in Ukrainian; Киев, Kiev, in Russian) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper river. ... February 27 is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1932 is a leap year starting on a Friday. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. ...

Economy

The Kharkiv oblast has a primarily industrially based economy, including engineering, metallurgy, manufacturing, production of chemicals and food processing. It also has an important agricultural sector with 19,000 square kilometres of arable land (comprising 5.9% of the total arable lands of Ukraine). Engineering is the application of science to the needs of humanity. ... Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and of materials engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements and their mixtures, which are called alloys. ... Manufacturing is the transformation of raw materials into finished goods for sale, or intermediate processes involving the production or finishing of semi-manufactures. ... Food preservation is the process of treating and handling food in such a way as to stop or greatly slow down spoilage to prevent foodborne illness while maintaining nutritional value, texture and flavor. ... Farming, ploughing rice paddy, in Indonesia Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other desired products by cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals (livestock). ...

External links

• Kharkiv Oblast Facts & Figures (http://www.ukrainebiz.com/Articles/KharkivFacts.htm)