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Kind of Blue is a jazz album by musician Miles Davis, released on August 17, 1959. As of January 16, 2002, it has been certified triple platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America.[1] Though precise figures have been disputed, Kind of Blue has been cited as Davis's best-selling album, and as the best-selling jazz record of all time. It is also counted by many as the greatest jazz album of all time and ranks at or near the top of many "best album" lists in disparate genres.[2][3][4] Miles Davis Kind of Blue album cover This is an album cover. ...
A studio album is a collection of previously unreleased, studio-recorded tracks by a recording artist. ...
Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26, 1926 – September 28, 1991) was an American jazz musician widely considered to be one of the most influential of the 20th century. ...
is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
For other uses, see Jazz (disambiguation). ...
Modal jazz is jazz played using musical modes rather than chord progressions. ...
In the music industry, a record label is a brand and a trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. ...
In the music industry, a record producer (or music producer) has many roles, among them controlling the recording sessions, coaching and guiding the musicians, organizing and scheduling production budget and resources, and supervising the recording, mixing and mastering processes. ...
Teo Macero (Born October 30, 1925) is a jazz saxophonist and record producer. ...
Irving Townsend(1920-1981) is an American record producer and author. ...
The All Music Guide (AMG) is a metadata database about music, owned by All Media Guide. ...
Image File history File links 5_stars. ...
Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26, 1926 – September 28, 1991) was an American jazz musician widely considered to be one of the most influential of the 20th century. ...
Porgy and Bess is a 1958 album by jazz musician Miles Davis which he and Gil Evans arranged from George Gershwins opera Porgy and Bess. ...
Sketches of Spain was a 1960 album by Miles Davis, pairing him again with arranger and composer Gil Evans. ...
For other uses, see Jazz (disambiguation). ...
Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26, 1926 – September 28, 1991) was an American jazz musician widely considered to be one of the most influential of the 20th century. ...
is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Also see: 2002 (number). ...
In the United States, the Recording Industry Association of America awards certification based on the number of sales albums and singles have made. ...
The RIAA Logo. ...
Conception
By late 1958, Davis employed one of the best and most profitable working bands pursuing the hard bop style, his personnel stabilized to alto saxophonist Cannonball Adderley, tenor saxophonist John Coltrane, pianist Wynton Kelly, long-serving bassist Paul Chambers, and drummer Jimmy Cobb. His band played a mixture of pop standards and bebop originals by the likes of Charlie Parker, Thelonious Monk, Dizzy Gillespie, Tadd Dameron; as with all bebop-based jazz, Davis's groups improvised on the chord changes of a given song. Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Hard bop is an extension of bebop (bop) music which incorporates influences from rhythm and blues, gospel music, and blues, especially in the saxophone and piano playing. ...
Julian Edwin Cannonball Adderley (September 15, 1928 – August 8, 1975), originally from Tampa, Florida, was a jazz alto saxophonist of the small combo era of the 1950s and 1960s. ...
“Coltrane†redirects here. ...
Wynton Kelly (1931–1971) was an American jazz pianist, born in Jamaica. ...
Paul Laurence Dunbar Chambers, Jr. ...
Jimmy Cobb (born January 20, 1929 in Washington D.C.) is an American jazz drummer. ...
The term pop standards refers to an American songwriting, arranging, and singing style that is widely considered as the high point of Western vocal popular music. ...
Bebop is a form of jazz characterized by fast tempos and improvisation based on harmonic structure rather than melody. ...
Charles Bird Parker, Jr. ...
Thelonious Sphere Monk (October 10, 1917 – February 17, 1982) was a jazz pianist and composer. ...
For the Australian cricketer nicknamed Dizzy, see Jason Gillespie. ...
Tadley Ewing Peake (Tadd) Dameron (February 21, 1917 – March 8, 1965) was an American jazz pianist, arranger, and composer. ...
However, Davis was one of many jazz musicians growing dissatisfied with bebop, seeing its increasingly complex chord changes as hindering creativity. In 1953, pianist George Russell published his Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organization, which offered an alternative to the practice of improvisation based on chords. Abandoning the traditional major and minor key relationships of Western music, Russell invented a new formulation using scales or a series of scales for improvisations; this approach came to be known as modal in jazz. Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
George Allen Russell (born June 23, 1923) is an American jazz composer and theorist. ...
In music theory, the key identifies the tonic triad, the chord, major or minor, which represents the final point of rest for a piece, or the focal point of a section. ...
Western music is the genres of music originating in the Western world (Europe and its former colonies) including Western classical music, American Jazz, Country and Western, pop music and rock and roll. ...
In music, a scale is a collection of musical notes that provides material for part or all of a musical work. ...
Modal jazz is jazz played using musical modes rather than chord progressions. ...
Influenced by Russell's ideas, Davis implemented his first modal composition with the title track of his 1958 album Milestones. Satisfied with the results, Davis now prepared an entire album based on modality. Pianist Bill Evans, also an enthusiast of Russell, but recently departed from the Davis band to pursue his own career, was successfully drafted in to the new recording project - the sessions that would become Kind of Blue. Milestones is an album recorded in February and March 1958 by Miles Davis. ...
William John Evans (better known as Bill Evans) (August 16, 1929 – September 15, 1980) was an American jazz pianist and one of the most famous of the 20th century; he remains one of the major influences on post-1950s jazz piano. ...
Sessions The album was recorded in two sessions, on March 2 for the tracks "So What," "Freddie Freeloader," and "Blue in Green," comprising side one of the original LP, and April 22 for the tracks "All Blues," "Flamenco Sketches," making up side two. As was Davis' penchant, he called for almost no rehearsal and the musicians had little idea what they were to record; as described in the original liner notes by Evans, the band had only sketches of scales and melody lines to go on. Once the musicians were assembled, Davis gave brief instructions for each piece, then set to taping. Excepting false starts, other than the two takes of "Flamenco Sketches" (of which the second was released on the album, while the first was released as a bonus track on the CD reissue), all of the completed tunes were done in one pass. Jimmy Cobb (born January 20, 1929 in Washington D.C.) is an American jazz drummer. ...
is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
So What is the first track on the 1959 Miles Davis album Kind of Blue. ...
Freddie Freeloader is a composition by Miles Davis and is the second track on his seminal album Kind of Blue. ...
Blue In Green is the third track on the the essential 1959 Miles Davis album, Kind of Blue. ...
is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
All Blues is a jazz composition by Miles Davis first appearing on the influential 1959 album Kind Of Blue. ...
Flamenco Sketches is a jazz song co-written by American jazz trumpeter Miles Davis (1926-1991) and American jazz pianist Bill Evans (1929-1980). ...
In terms of recorded music, a bonus track is a piece of music which has been included on specific releases or reissues of an album. ...
Kelly may not have been happy to see the man he replaced back in his old seat. Perhaps to assuage the pianist's feelings, and also to take advantage of Kelly's superior skills as both bluesman and accompanist, Davis had Kelly play instead of Evans on the album's most blues-oriented number, "Freddie Freeloader." Blues is a vocal and instrumental musical form which evolved from African American spirituals, shouts, work songs and chants and has its earliest stylistic roots in West Africa. ...
All compositions were listed as being written by Davis, but many scholars and fans believe that Bill Evans wrote many of the compositions. Bill Evans himself assumed co-credit, with Davis, for "Blue In Green" when recording it on his Portrait in Jazz album. This appropriation of publishing by the bandleader was far from an unknown occurrence in the jazz world, Davis having been on the receiving end of such practice himself (while employed as a sideman in Charlie Parker's quintet in the late 1940s, Parker took credit for the Davis-penned tune "Donna Lee," which later became a popular jazz standard). Additionally, the introduction to "So What", attributed to Gil Evans, is actually very closely based on the opening measures of Claude Debussy's "Voiles", the second prelude from his first collection of preludes. Portrait in Jazz is a 1959 (see 1959 in music) album by jazz musician Bill Evans. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Donna Lee is a bebop jazz standard based on chords from the dixieland standard (Home Again in) Indiana. While officially credited to saxophonist Charlie Parker, Miles Davis always maintained that he composed the tune, and indeed the scholarly consensus is that he did. ...
Jazz standard refers to a tune that is widely known, performed, and recorded among jazz musicians. ...
Claude Debussy, photo by Félix Nadar, 1908. ...
Claude Debussys Préludes are two sets of pieces for solo piano. ...
The live album Miles & Monk at Newport documents this band. However, the recording, from the previous year, 1958, reflects the band in a late bebop conception, rather that than the modal framework. Miles & Monk at Newport was a combined album of a Miles Davis appearance at Newport with an appearance of Thelonious Monk, from the LP era. ...
Influence Kind of Blue is not only regarded as one of Davis's masterworks, but one of the most influential albums in the history of jazz. One reviewer has called it "a record generally considered as the definitive jazz album, a universally acknowledged standard of excellence."[5] Several of the songs from the album have become jazz standards and are very often covered by others. For other uses, see Jazz (disambiguation). ...
Jazz standard refers to a tune that is widely known, performed, and recorded among jazz musicians. ...
In pop music a cover version is a new rendition of a previously recorded song. ...
In 1958, however, the arrival of Ornette Coleman on the jazz scene via his fall residency at the Five Spot club, consolidated by the release of his The Shape of Jazz to Come LP the same year, muted the impact of Kind of Blue, a happenstance that irritated Davis no end. Though Davis and Coleman both offered alternatives to the rigid rules of bebop, Davis would never reconcile himself to Coleman's free jazz innovations, although he would incorporate musicians amenable to Coleman's ideas with his great quintet of the mid-1960s, and offer his own version of "free" playing with his jazz fusion outfits in the 1970s. Ornette Coleman (born March 9, 1930) is an American saxophonist, violinist, trumpeter and composer. ...
The Five Spot Cafe was located in New York City at the corner of Cooper Square and St. ...
The Shape of Jazz to Come was the first free jazz album ever recorded. ...
This article or section cites very few or no references or sources. ...
The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ...
Jazz fusion (or jazz-rock fusion or fusion) is a musical genre that merges elements of jazz with other styles of music, particularly pop, rock, folk, reggae, funk, metal, country, R&B, hip hop, electronic music and world music. ...
The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ...
The influence of the album did build, and all of the sidemen from the album would achieve success on their own. Evans formed his influential jazz trio with bassist Scott LaFaro and drummer Paul Motian; "Cannonball" Adderley would front his popular bands with his brother Nat; Kelly, Chambers, and Cobb would continue as a touring unit, recording under Kelly's name as well as in support of Coltrane and Wes Montgomery, among others; Coltrane would go on to become one of the most revered and innovative jazz musicians in history. Even more than Davis, Coltrane took the modal approach and ran with it during his brief career as a leader in the 1960s, leavening his music with Coleman's ideas as the decade progressed. Rocco Scott LaFaro (April 3, 1936, Newark, New Jersey - July 6, 1961, Flint, New York) was one of the most influential jazz bassists of the 20th century. ...
Stephen Paul Motian (born 25 March 1931 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and raised in Providence, Rhode Island), is a American jazz drummer, percussionist and composer of Armenian extraction. ...
Nathaniel Adderley (November 25, 1931 - January 2, 2000) was an American jazz cornetist who played in the hard bop and soul jazz genres. ...
John Leslie Wes Montgomery (6 March 1923 - 15 June 1968) was an American jazz guitarist and the grandfather of actor Anthony Montgomery. ...
In his book, Kind of Blue: The Making of a Miles Davis Masterpiece, author Ashley Kahn wrote that "still acknowledged as the height of hip four decades after it was recorded, Kind of Blue is the premier album of its era, jazz or otherwise. Its vapory piano introduction is universally recognized" (Kahn 2001:16). Producer Quincy Jones, one of Davis' longtime friends, wrote: "That [Kind of Blue] will always be my music, man. I play Kind of Blue every day — it's my orange juice. It still sounds like it was made yesterday" (Kahn 2001:19). Pianist Chick Corea, one of Miles' acolytes, was also struck by its majesty. He said: "It's one thing to just play a tune, or play a program of music, but it's another thing to practically create a new language of music, which is what Kind of Blue did" (Kahn 2001:19). Ashley Kahn is an American music historian, journalist and producer. ...
This article is about the producer and songwriter. ...
One significant aspect of Kind of Blue is that the entire record, not just one track, was revolutionary. Gary Burton noted this occurrence. "It wasn’t just one tune that was a breakthrough, it was the whole record. When new jazz styles come along, the first few attempts to do it are usually kind of shaky. Early Charlie Parker records were like this. But with Kind of Blue [the sextet] all sound like they’re fully into it" (Kahn 2001:179).
In 1997 Kind of Blue was named the thirteenth greatest album of all time in a Music of the Millennium poll conducted by HMV, Channel 4, The Guardian, and Classic FM. In 2003 the TV network VH1 placed it at number sixty-six, and Rolling Stone magazine placed it twelfth on their list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. VH1's Ashley Kahn has devoted an entire book to the record: Kind of Blue: The Making of the Miles Davis Masterpiece. In 2002, it was one of 50 recordings chosen that year by the Library of Congress to be added to the National Recording Registry. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
This article is about the British television station. ...
The Guardian is a British newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. ...
Classic FM is the United Kingdoms first national commercial radio station, broadcasting classical music in a popular and accessible style. ...
A television network is a distribution network for television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many television stations. ...
VH1 (VH-1: Video Hits One until 1994) is an American cable television channel that was created in January 1985 by Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, at the time a division of Warner Communications and owners of MTV. VH1 and sister channel MTV are currently part of the MTV Networks division...
This article is about the magazine. ...
The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time was the cover story of a special issue of Rolling Stone magazine published in November 2003. ...
Ashley Kahn is an American music historian, journalist and producer. ...
Construction of the Thomas Jefferson Building, from July 8, 1888 to May 15, 1894. ...
The National Recording Registry is a list of sound recordings which are culturally, historically or aesthetically important, and/or inform or reflect life in the United States. ...
The album's influence reaches beyond jazz. Many improvisatory rock musicians of the 1960s name-checked this album, along with other Davis albums, or Coltrane's modal records like My Favorite Things or A Love Supreme. Pink Floyd keyboardist Richard Wright has said that the chord progressions on Kind of Blue influenced the structure of the introductory chords of their song "Breathe" on the landmark 1973 album Dark Side of the Moon. My Favorite Things is a 1960 jazz album by John Coltrane. ...
A Love Supreme is a jazz album recorded by John Coltranes quartet on December 9, 1964 at the Van Gelder studio in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. ...
Pink Floyd are an English rock band that initially earned recognition for their psychedelic rock music, and, as they evolved, for their progressive rock music. ...
Richard William Rick Wright (born July 28, 1943 in Hatch End, London, England) is a self-taught pianist and keyboardist best known for his long career with Pink Floyd. ...
Breathe[1] is the second track[2] from British progressive rock band Pink Floyds 1973 album, The Dark Side of the Moon. ...
For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ...
This article is about the Pink Floyd album. ...
Along with The Dave Brubeck Quartet's Time Out (1959), Kind of Blue is often recommended as an introductory jazz album, for similar reasons: the music on both records is very melodic, and the relaxed quality of the songs makes the improvisation easy for listeners to follow, without sacrificing artistry or experimentation. Dave Brubeck formed The Dave Brubeck Quartet in 1951, which consisted of Joe Dodge on drums, Bob Bates on bass, Paul Desmond on saxophone, and of course Brubeck on piano. ...
// Track listing Blue Rondo à la Turk - 6:44 Strange Meadowlark - 7:22 Take Five - 5:24 Three to Get Ready - 5:24 Kathys Waltz - 4:48 Everybodys Jumpin - 4:23 Pick Up Sticks - 4:16 All pieces composed by Dave Brubeck, except Take Five, by Paul Desmond. ...
Improvisation is the practice of acting and reacting, of making and creating, in the moment and in response to the stimulus of ones immediate environment. ...
Release history Kind of Blue was originally released as a 12-inch vinyl record, in both stereo and mono. There have been several reissues of Kind of Blue, including additional printings throughout the vinyl era. On some editions, the label switched the order for the two tracks on side two, "All Blues" and "Flamenco Sketches." The record has been remastered many times during the compact disc era, notably the 1992 remastering that corrected the speed for side one, which had been issued slightly off-pitch originally, and the 1997 that added the alternate take of "Flamenco Sketches." All releases after the 1997 include the alternate take and are speed-corrected. In 2005, a DualDisc release included the original album, a digital remastering in 5.1 Surround Sound and LPCM Stereo, and a twenty-five-minute documentary Made in Heaven about the making and influence of Kind of Blue. A 12-inch record (left), a 7-inch record (right), and a CD (above) Two 7 singles (left), two colored 7 singles (middle), and two 7 singles with large spindle holes (right). ...
Stereophonic means having two channels of audio. ...
Label for 1. ...
Remaster (and its derivations, frequently found in the phrases digitally remastered or digital remastering) is a word and concept ushered into the mass consciousness via the digital age, although it had existed before then. ...
“CD†redirects here. ...
Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ...
Pitch is the perceived fundamental frequency of a sound. ...
For the band, see 1997 (band). ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
DualDisc is a type of double-sided optical disc product developed by a group of record companies including EMI Music, Universal Music Group, Sony/BMG Music Entertainment, Warner Music Group, and 5. ...
Multichannel audio is the name for a variety of techniques for expanding and enriching the sound of audio playback by recording additional sound channels that can be reproduced on additional speakers. ...
Linear pulse code modulation (LPCM) is a method of encoding audio information digitally. ...
- August 17, 1959 – Columbia CS 8163, original stereo vinyl LP
- August 17, 1959 – Columbia CL 1355, original mono vinyl LP
- 1984 – Columbia CK 8163, original compact disc issue
- 1987 – Columbia Jazz Masterpiece CK 40579, compact disc, digitally remastered from original master tapes
- December 8, 1992 – Columbia CK 64403, Mastersound Gold CD, super-bit mapping, corrected speed
- 1997 - Double LP Gatefold edition from Classic Records included two side ones at original and corrected speed and a 45RPM alternate take of Flamenco Sketches
- March 25, 1997 – Columbia CK 64935, compact disc, 20-bit remastering, adds alternate track, corrected speed
- August 21, 2001 – Columbia CS 64935, SACD, corrected speed
- December 2001 – Classic Records CS8163QP, Quiex SV-P 200 gram vinyl, corrected speed, original tracks
- February 8, 2005 – Columbia CN 90887, DualDisc, 20-bit remastered standard compact disc side, DVD-Audio 5.1 Surround Sound LPCM Stereo side, corrected speed
Super Audio CD (SACD) is a read-only optical audio disc format aimed at providing much higher fidelity digital audio reproduction than the compact disc. ...
DVD-Audio also known as DVDA is a digital format for delivering very high-fidelity audio content on a DVD. The first discs entered the marketplace in 2000. ...
Track listing - "So What" – 9:22
- "Freddie Freeloader" – 9:46
- "Blue in Green" – 5:37
- "All Blues" – 11:33
- "Flamenco Sketches" (take 2) – 9:26
- "Flamenco Sketches" (alternate - take 1, featured on the 1997 reissue as a previously unreleased bonus track) – 9:32
Opening measures of Miles Daviss composition So What of 1959. ...
Freddie Freeloader is a composition by Miles Davis and is the second track on his seminal album Kind of Blue. ...
Blue In Green is the third track on the the essential 1959 Miles Davis album, Kind of Blue. ...
All Blues is a jazz composition by Miles Davis first appearing on the influential 1959 album Kind Of Blue. ...
Flamenco Sketches is a jazz song co-written by American jazz trumpeter Miles Davis (1926-1991) and American jazz pianist Bill Evans (1929-1980). ...
Flamenco Sketches is a jazz song co-written by American jazz trumpeter Miles Davis (1926-1991) and American jazz pianist Bill Evans (1929-1980). ...
Personnel Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26, 1926 – September 28, 1991) was an American jazz musician widely considered to be one of the most influential of the 20th century. ...
The trumpet is a musical instrument in the brass family. ...
Cannonball Adderley, 1960 Julian Edwin Cannonball Adderley (September 15, 1928 - August 8, 1975), originally from Tampa, Florida, was a jazz alto saxophonist of the small combo era of the 1950s and 1960s. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
“Coltrane†redirects here. ...
The tenor saxophone is a medium-sized member of the saxophone family, a group of instruments invented by Adolphe Sax. ...
Wynton Kelly (1931–1971) was an American jazz pianist, born in Jamaica. ...
A short grand piano, with the top up. ...
William John Evans (better known as Bill Evans) (August 16, 1929 – September 15, 1980) was an American jazz pianist and one of the most famous of the 20th century; he remains one of the major influences on post-1950s jazz piano. ...
Paul Laurence Dunbar Chambers, Jr. ...
Side and front views of a modern double bass with a French bow. ...
Jimmy Cobb (born January 20, 1929 in Washington D.C.) is an American jazz drummer. ...
A drum kit (or drum set or trap set) is a collection of drums, cymbals and sometimes other percussion instruments, such as a cowbell, wood block or tambourines, arranged for convenience playing by a single drummer. ...
Additional personnel - Teo Macero – producer
- Irving Townsend – original recording producer
- Fred Plaut – recording engineer
- Michael Cuscuna – reissue producer
- Mark Wilder – remix engineer
- Gil Evans - arranger
Teo Macero (Born October 30, 1925) is a jazz saxophonist and record producer. ...
Chart history Billboard Music Charts (North America) – album Billboard is a weekly American magazine devoted to the music industry. ...
- 1977: Jazz Albums – 37
- 1987: Top Jazz Albums – 10
- 2001: Top Internet Albums – 14
References - Ashley Kahn (2001). Kind of Blue: The Making of the Miles Davis Masterpiece, foreword by Jimmy Cobb, Da Capo Press, USA. ISBN 0-306-81067-0.
Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Ashley Kahn is an American music historian, journalist and producer. ...
Jimmy Cobb (born January 20, 1929 in Washington D.C.) is an American jazz drummer. ...
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