A king in the mountain, king under the mountain or sleeping hero is a prominent motif in folklore, that is found in many folktales and legends. The Antti Aarne-classification system for folktale motifs classifies these stories as number 766, relating them to the tale of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus. Folklore is the ethnographic concept of the tales, legends, or superstitions current among a particular ethnic population, a part of the oral history of a particular culture. ... For other uses, see Legendary (disambiguation). ... Antti Aarne (1867 - 1925) was a Finnish folklorist, who developed the initial version of what became the Aarne-Thompson classification system of classifying folktales, first published in 1910. ... In Christian mythology, the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus is a folktale concerning a number of fictional people who for a time were venerated as saints. ... Historical Map of Ephesus, from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1888 Ephesus (Greek: , Turkish: ), was one of the cities of Ionia in Asia Minor, located in Lydia where the Cayster River (Küçük Menderes) flows into the Aegean Sea. ...

General features

Frederick sends out the boy to see whether the ravens still fly.

King in the mountain stories involve legendary heroes, often accompanied by armed retainers, sleeping in remote dwellings, including caves on high mountaintops, remote islands, or supernatural worlds. The hero is frequently a historical figure of some military consequence in the history of the nation where the mountain is located. Image File history File links Barbarossa01. ... Image File history File links Barbarossa01. ... “Heroine” redirects here. ... Lyskamm, 4 527 m, Pennine Alps A mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. ...

The stories gathered by the Brothers Grimm concerning Frederick Barbarossa and Charlemagne are typical of the stories told, and have been influential on many told variants and subsequent adaptations. The presence of the hero is unsuspected, until some herdsman wanders into the cave, typically looking for a lost animal, and sees the hero. The stories almost always mention the detail that the hero has grown a long beard, indicative of the long time he has slept beneath the mountain. For information about the other uses of the name, see Brothers Grimm (disambiguation). ... Frederick Barbarossa in a 13th century chronicle. ... Charlemagne and Pippin the Hunchback. ... For the a German literary figure see Johann Gottfried Herder A herder is a worker who lives a semi-nomadic life, caring for various domestic animals, especially in places where these animals wander unfenced pasture lands. ...

In the Brothers Grimm version, the hero speaks with the herdsman. Their conversation typically involves the hero asking, "Do the eagles (or ravens) still circle the mountaintop?" The herdsman, or a mysterious voice, replies, "Yes, they still circle the mountaintop." "Then begone! My time has not yet come." Genera Several, see below. ... Species See text. ...

The herdsman is usually supernaturally harmed by the experience: he ages rapidly, he emerges with his hair turned white, and often he dies after repeating the tale. This occurrence is well-known from many stories about people entering caves and experiencing a different time scale than on Earth, suggesting a parallel dimension. Look up Supernatural in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Human beings have many variations in hair color and texture. ... Time dilation is the phenomenon whereby an observer finds that anothers clock which is physically identical to their own is ticking at a slower rate as measured by their own clock. ...

The story goes on to say that the king sleeps in the mountain, awaiting a summons to arise with his knights and defend the nation in a time of deadly peril. The omen that presages his rising will be the extinction of the birds that trigger his awakening.^[1][2] Examples of omens from the Nuremberg Chronicle (1493): natural phenomena and strange births. ... The Dodo, shown here in a 1651 illustration by Jan Savery, is an often-cited[1] example of modern extinction. ... “Aves” redirects here. ...

Examples

The motif combines the idea of a supernatural national defender with the concept of conservation. A number of kings, rulers, and fictional characters and religious figures have become attached to this story. They include: The conservation movement is a political and social movement that seeks to protect natural resources including plant and animal species as well as their habitat for the future. ... Armenian king Tigranes the Great. ... Alice, a fictional character based on a real character from the work of Lewis Carroll. ...

• Csaba, the son of Attila the Hun (Hungary) who is supposed to ride down the Milky Way when the Székelys are threatened.
• King Matthias Corvinus (Hungary)
• Emperor Frederick Barbarossa (Germany)
• King Henry the Fowler (Germany)
• Emperor Charlemagne (Germany, France)
• William Tell (Switzerland)
• King Arthur (England, Wales)
• Thomas the Rhymer is found under a hill with a retinue of knights in a tale from Scotland
• Sir Francis Drake (England)
• Fionn mac Cumhaill (Ireland)
• Ogier the Dane (Danish: Holger Danske, Denmark)
• Sebastian I, (Portugal) (it is said by Sebastianists that the king will return in a hazy morning in time of need)
• Emperor Constantine XI of the Eastern Roman Empire, a.k.a. the Immortal Emperor turned to marble (Greece) (a similar story, although Constantine was said to be turned into a statue, not to be resting in a mountain.)
• Bran the Blessed (Wales)
• Owain Lawgoch (Wales)
• An unnamed giant is supposed to sleep in Plynlimon in Wales.
• Marko Kraljević (Serbia)
• King Olaf I (Norway)
• Väinämöinen, the protagonist of the Finnish national epic Kalevala. At the end of Kalevala, he leaves on a boat, promising to return when he is most needed.
• Merlin of the Arthurian legend, who is imprisoned in an oak tree by Nimue.
• Kralj Matjaž (Slovenia)
• Giewont massif which is said to be a sleeping knight (Poland)
• The remains of the Golem of Prague are said to be in the attic of the Old-New Synagogue in Prague, and that it can be brought back to defend the Jewish people. (Jewish mysticism)
• Gerald Fitzgerald, 8th Earl of Kildare (Ireland)
• Theseus (Athens)
• The Pueblo hero-god Montezuma — believed to have been a divine king in prehistoric times, and suspended in an Arizona mountain that bears his image.
• St. Wenceslas (Václav) of Bohemia (Czech Republic). He sleeps in the Blanik mountain and will emerge to protect his country at its worst time, riding on his white horse and wealding the legendary hero Bruncvík's sword.^[3]
• The legendary Moravian king Ječmínek will, according to a prophecy, return to save his country from enemies.^[4]

Attila (AD 406 - 453), also known as Attila the Hun was Khan of the Hun people from 434 until his death and leader of the Hunnic Empire. ... The Milky Way as seen from Death Valley The Milky Way is the galaxy where the Solar System (and the Earth) is located. ... The Székely or Szeklers (Hungarian: , Romanian: , German: ) are a Hungarian ethnic group, mostly living in Transylvania in Romania with a significant population living across the border in Vojvodina, Serbia and Montenegro . ... Matthias Corvinus as depicted in Chronica Hungarorum by Carl van Vechten Matthias Corvinus (Matthias the Just) (February 23, 1443 (?) – April 6, 1490) was King of Hungary, ruling between 1458 and 1490. ... Frederick Barbarossa in a 13th century chronicle. ... Heinrich I depicted as The Bamberg Knight Henry I, the Fowler (German: Heinrich der Finkler or Heinrich der Vogler) (876 - July 2, 936), was Duke of Saxony from 912 and king of the Germans from 919 until his death in 936. ... Charlemagne and Pippin the Hunchback. ... Statue of William Tell and his Son in Altdorf, Switzerland (Richard Kissling, 1895). ... A bronze Arthur in plate armour with visor raised and with jousting shield wearing Kastenbrust armour (early 15th century) by Peter Vischer, typical of later anachronistic depictions of Arthur. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto)1 Unified  -  by Athelstan 927 AD  Area  -  Total... This article is about the country. ... Thomas the Rhymer (also Thomas Rhymer or Thomas Rymer) is the better-known name of Thomas Learmonth of Erceldoune, a 13th century Scottish laird and reputed soothsayer. ... Motto (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity Cha togar mfhearg gun dioladh (Scottish Gaelic) Wha daur meddle wi me?(Scots)1 Anthem (Multiple unofficial anthems) Scotlands location in Europe Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official languages English (de facto)1; Gaelic[1]2 and Scots3 (recognised minority... Sir Francis Drake, Vice Admiral, (c. ... Fionn mac Cumhaill (pronounced /fuN mÉ™ ku:L/, /fiN mÉ™ ku:L/, /fu:n mÉ™ ku:l/ or /foun mÉ™ ku:l/ according to dialect)(earlier Finn or Find mac Cumail or mac Umaill, later Anglicised to Finn McCool) was a hunter-warrior of the Gaelic... H.P. Pedersen-Dans statue of Holger Danske at Kronborg castle, Denmark Ogier the Dane (Holger Danske) is a fictional Danish hero who first appears in the Old French chanson de geste. ... Sebastião I (January 20, 1554 - August 4, 1578) was a King of Portugal. ... Sebastianism is part of the Portuguese mythology and culture. ... Constantine XI: The last Byzantine emperor is considered a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Byzantine Empire. ... Bran the Blessed, also known as Bran Vendigaid, Bendigeidfran or Branovices, is a giant and king of Britain in Welsh mythology. ... Owain Lawgoch, (English: Owain of the Red Hand, French: Yvain de Galles), full name Owain ap Thomas ap Rhodri (c. ... Jack the Giant-Killer by Arthur Rackham. ... Plynlimon (anglicised from Pumlumon in Welsh, meaning Five Peaks) is the highest point of the Cambrian Mountains in Wales. ... Contemporary frescoe of Marko, Markos monastery, Skopje, Macedonia, 14th century Coin minted by Marko, Belgrade museum of applied arts This article is about the epic Serbian prince. ... Anthem Serbia() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Official languages Serbian 1 Recognised regional languages Hungarian, Croatian, Slovak, Romanian, Rusyn 2 Albanian 3 Government Semi-presidential republic  -  President Boris Tadić  -  Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment  -  Formation 9th century   -  First unified state c. ... Olaf Tryggvason (Old Norse: Óláfr Tryggvason, Norwegian: Olav Tryggvason), (960s-September 9? 1000), was King of Norway from 995 to 1000. ... Illustration from the Kalevala, by Akseli Gallen-Kallela 1896. ... The Kalevala is an epic poem which Elias Lönnrot compiled from Finnish folk lore in the 19th century. ... Merlin Ambrosius (Welsh: Myrddin Emrys (Merlin the Wise); also known as Myrddin Wyllt (Merlin the Wild), Merlin Caledonensis (Scottish Merlin), Merlinus, and Merlyn) is the personage best known as the mighty wizard featured in Arthurian legends, starting with Geoffrey of Monmouths Historia Regum Britanniae. ... The Matter of Britain is a name given collectively to the legends that concern the Celtic and legendary history of the British Isles, centering around King Arthur and the knights of the Round Table. ... In Arthurian legend, The Lady of the Lake gave King Arthur the sword known as Excalibur. ... Kralj Matjaž is a legendary hero in Slovenia, based on a real life person, king Matthias Corvinus of Hungary. ... Giewont is a famous mountain in the Tatra Mountains in Poland. ... In Jewish folklore, a golem (גולם, sometimes, as in Yiddish, pronounced goilem) is an animated being created entirely from inanimate matter. ... Nickname: Motto: Praga Caput Rei publicae Location within the Czech Republic Coordinates: , Country Czech Republic Region Capital City of Prague Founded 9th century Government  - Mayor Pavel Bém Area  - City 496 km²  (191. ... The tree of life Kabbalah (קבלה Reception, Standard Hebrew Qabbala, Tiberian Hebrew Qabbālāh; also written variously as Cabala, Cabalah, Cabbala, Cabbalah, Kabala, Kabalah, Kabbala, Qabala, Qabalah) is a religious philosophical system claiming an insight into divine nature. ... Theseus (Greek ) was a legendary king of Athens, son of Aethra, and fathered by Aegeus and Poseidon, with whom Aethra lay in one night. ... Athens (Ancient Greek: αἱ Ἀθῆναι (plural), evolving into the modern Αθήναι in Greek until recently, and Αθήνα nowadays (IPA ); is both the largest and the capital city of Greece, located in the Attica periphery. ... Montezuma was the name of a hero-god in the mythology of certain Indian tribes of the Southwest United States, notably the Tohono Oodham, Apache, and Pueblo — not to be confused with the two historical Aztec Emperors of the same name in Mexico, Moctezuma I and Moctezuma II. In... Wenceslas (or Wenceslaus; Czech: Václav; German: Wenzel), styled Wenceslas I, Duke of Bohemia (b. ... Flag of Bohemia Bohemia (Czech: ; German: ) is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western and middle thirds of the Czech Republic. ... Blaník. ... Binomial name Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758 The horse (Equus caballus, sometimes seen as a subspecies of the Wild Horse, Equus ferus caballus) is a large odd-toed ungulate mammal, one of ten modern species of the genus Equus. ... Flag of Moravia Moravia (Czech and Slovak: Morava; German: ; Hungarian: ; Polish: ) is a historical region in the east of the Czech RepublicCzechia. ...

The sleeping hero in popular culture

In his books about Adolf Hitler, Chilean revisionist Miguel Serrano depicts Hitler either as a prophet or a reincarnation of Vishnu/Wotan awaiting in New Swabia for the time of his Second Coming; ultimately, he will return (Serrano says) to save the world in the verge of his perdition at the hands of the Jewish total Global domination plans. This pseudo-scientific construct, merging topics about spiritism and Vril mysticism tries to make Hitler, thus, an exponent of the King in the mountain legend. Hitler redirects here. ... Revisionism is a word which has several meanings. ... Miguel Serrano (born September 10, 1917) is a Chilean diplomat and author of poetry, books on his spiritual quest, and esoteric Hitlerism. ... New Swabia (German: Neuschwabenland or Neu-Schwabenland) is a section of the continent Antarctica between 20°E and 10°W (overlapping a portion of Norways claim zone Queen Maud Land), which was claimed by Nazi Germany between 19 January 1939 and 8 May 1945. ... Global domination, global conquest, taking over the world, world conquest, or world domination is an ambitious goal in which one government, one ideology or belief system, or even one person, seeks to secure complete political control of the entire planet. ... The Coming Race (original title), also reprinted as Vril: The Power of the Coming Race is a novel published in 1870 by Edward Bulwer-Lytton. ...

• J.R.R. Tolkien uses the king in the mountain in the form of the Dead Men of Dunharrow.
• A similar story appears in the 1989 movie Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, where the sleeping hero is a knight from the Crusades, made immortal by the Holy Grail.
• A version of the sleeping hero legend is included in several entries in the Nintendo game franchise 'The Legend of Zelda', most explicitly in the Gamecube version, The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker.
• American comic book icon Captain America fell into suspended animation at the end of World War II, only to be awakened in the modern era.
• American comic book super hero Captain Marvel from Fawcett Comics, after having been cancelled in 1953, was given a story where he (and most of his friends and his arch foes) was trapped in suspended animation for 20 years to explain his revival in 1973 by DC Comics.
• British author Susan Cooper makes use of the return of King Arthur as a plot element in The Dark is Rising Sequence.
• Neal J. Iacono's 2001 novel Dracula: Son of the Dragon applies the King in the mountain motif to Vlad Ţepeş.
• In music, a single by Kate Bush released on 24 October 2005 is named "King of the Mountain". This song connects popular beliefs about Elvis Presley's death to the king of the mountain motif.
• After his death in 1984, rumours arose that comedian Andy Kaufman would return from seclusion. These rumors were fueled by Kaufman himself, who joked about faking his death, only to return 20 years later.
• In the book "Marauders of Gor" (Book Nine of the Gor Series) by John Norman, the hero Torvald is supposed to return in times of need for a Viking-like civilization.
• In The Books of Magic Timothy Hunter sees the mystical King in the mountain and talks to a minstrel who is guarding his grave.
• In Rober Jordan's the Wheel of Time Series, heroes from ages past reside in the world of dreams until they are called forth to fight the "Dark One"

J. R. R. Tolkien in 1916. ... In J. R. R. Tolkiens high fantasy world of Middle-earth, the Dead Men of Dunharrow (also referred as the Shadow Host, the Grey Host, the oathbreakers, or simply the Dead) were the shades of Men of the White Mountains (Ered Nimrais), who were cursed to remain in Middle... Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade is a 1989 adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Harrison Ford, Sean Connery, Denholm Elliott, Julian Glover, Alison Doody, River Phoenix, and John Rhys-Davies. ... This article is about historical Crusades . ... For historical artifacts associated with the cup of the Last Supper, see Holy Chalice. ... Nintendo Company, Limited (任天堂 or ニンテンドー Nintendō; NASDAQ: NTDOY, TYO: 7974 usually referred to as simply Nintendo, or Big N ) is a multinational corporation founded on September 23, 1889[1] in Kyoto, Japan by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce handmade hanafuda cards. ... The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker (or Zeruda no Densetsu: Kaze no Takuto in Japan) is the ninth game in the well-known The Legend of Zelda series of video games. ... Captain America is a fictional comic book superhero published by Marvel Comics. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Captain Marvel may refer to: Captain Marvel (DC Comics), a young boy who transforms into a superhero by saying the word Shazam!; originally published by Fawcett Comics and currently published by DC Comics. ... Susan Mary Cooper (born May 23, 1935) in Burnham, Buckinghamshire, England is a British author. ... A bronze Arthur in plate armour with visor raised and with jousting shield wearing Kastenbrust armour (early 15th century) by Peter Vischer, typical of later anachronistic depictions of Arthur. ... Susan Coopers Dark is Rising The Dark Is Rising is the name of a five-book series by Susan Cooper originally published in the 1960s and 1970s. ... Portrait of Vlad III in the Innsbruck Ambras Castle Vlad III Basarab (other names: Vlad Ţepeş IPA: in Romanian, meaning Vlad the Impaler; Vlad Draculea in Romanian, transliterated as Vlad Dracula in some documents; Kazıklı Bey in Turkish, meaning Impaler Prince), (November or December, 1431 – December 1476). ... Kate Bush (Born Catherine Bush on 30 July 1958, Bexleyheath, Greater London) is an English singer, songwriter, musician and record producer. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see King of the Mountain. ... Elvis Aron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), often known simply as Elvis and also called The King of Rock n Roll or simply The King, was an American singer, musician and actor. ... This article contains a trivia section. ... Hunters of Gor (1974), 1980 Star paperback edition. ... John Norman, pen name of John Frederick Lange, Jr. ... Cover for the Italian edition of the series. ... Timothy Hunter (often called Tim Hunter) is a fictional comic book character in the DC Comics universe, a young sorcerer who first appeared in the four-issue miniseries The Books of Magic (1990-91), written by Neil Gaiman, with painted art by John Bolton. ...

References

1. ^ Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, Deutsche Sagen (1816/1818), no. 23.
2. ^ Kaiser Karl im Untersberg (German)
3. ^ Alois Jirásek, Old Bohemian Legends (1894, Staré pověsti české)
4. ^ Alois Jirásek, Old Bohemian Legends (1894, Staré pověsti české)
   • The Sleeping Giant mountain in Connecticut, USA was said by the local Quinnipiac Indians to be the demon Hobbomock, sealed by the Great Spirit. One day he would supposedly awaken and destroy the world.

The Brothers Grimm on a 1000DM banknote. ... The Brothers Grimm on a 1000DM banknote. ... Alois Jirásek (born August 23, 1851 in Hronov - died March 12, 1930 in Prague) was a Czech writer, focused mainly on historical subjects. ... Alois Jirásek (born August 23, 1851 in Hronov - died March 12, 1930 in Prague) was a Czech writer, focused mainly on historical subjects. ... Sleeping Giant may refer to: In geology: Sleeping Giant (Connecticut), trap rock ridge system located in the Mount Carmel neighborhood of Hamden, Connecticut Sleeping Giant (Ontario), formation of mesas on Sibley Peninsula which resembles a giant lying on its back In music: Sleeping Giant (band), a Christian Metal band from... Official language(s) English Capital Hartford Largest city Bridgeport Largest metro area Hartford Area  Ranked 48th  - Total 5,543[2] sq mi (14,356 km²)  - Width 70 miles (113 km)  - Length 110 miles (177 km)  - % water 12. ... This article is about the Native American nation. ...

See also

Folklore Portal

• Seven Sleepers
• Rip van Winkle

Image File history File links Portal. ... In Christian mythology, the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus is a folktale concerning a number of fictional people who for a time were venerated as saints. ... Rip Van Winkle is a story by the American author Washington Irving published in 1819, as well as the name of the storys fictional protagonist. ...

External links

• a list of other sleeping hero legends