? Kinglets
Goldcrest Regulus regulus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Passeriformes Family: Regulidae Genus: Regulus Cuvier, 1800
Species
See text.

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2268x1701, 563 KB) Summary Regulus regulus, St Marys Island, Northumberland, England 16/10/2005 Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Kinglet Goldcrest ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms (as opposed to folk taxonomy). ... Binomial name Aptenodytes forsteri Gray, 1844 For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Typical Classes Subphylum Urochordata - Tunicatas Ascidiacea Thaliacea Larvacea Subphylum Cephalochordata - Lancelets Subphylum Myxini - Hagfishes Subphylum Vertebrata - Vertebrates Petromyzontida - Lampreys Placodermi (extinct) Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Acanthodii (extinct) Actinopterygii - Ray-finned fishes Actinistia - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Amphibia - Amphibians Reptilia - Reptiles Aves - Birds Mammalia - Mammals Chordates (phylum Chordata) include the vertebrates, together with... For other meanings of bird, see bird (disambiguation). ... Families Many, see text A passerine is a bird of the giant order Passeriformes. ... Georges Cuvier Baron Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier (August 23, 1769 - May 13, 1832) was a French naturalist and zoologist. ...

History, Phylogony and Taxonomy

The kinglets or crests are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice. They have representatives in North America and Eurasia. There are now seven species in this family. Madeira Firecrest, R. madeirensis recently split from Firecrest as a separate species. The scientific and English names come from the fact that the adults have coloured crowns. Genus Many: see text The Old World Warblers, family Sylviidae, are a group of more than 280 small insectivorous passerine bird species. ... Genera See text. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... Eurasia African-Eurasian aspect of Earth Eurasia is the landmass composed of Europe and Asia. ... Binomial name Regulus madeirensis (Harcourt, 1851) The Madeira Firecrest Regulus madeirensis is a very small passerine bird in the kinglet family, closely allied to the Firecrest, and until recently considered a subspecies of it. ...

Recent molecular techniques have added some confusion the the true phylogeny of the Regulidae Family. They are placed in the Superfamily Sylvioidea (e.g., nuthatches, treecreepers, tits, wrens, crests/kinglets, swallows, bulbuls, babblers, and warblers). This is likely correct however the relationships of Regulidae are unresolved.A Myoglobin tree was used in the research in order to differentiate linneages.

• Goldcrest, Regulus regulus
• Tenerife Goldcrest or Orangecrest, R. teneriffae, split from Goldcrest as separate species
• Firecrest, R. ignicapillus
• Madeira Firecrest, R. madeirensis
• Taiwan Firecrest or Flamecrest, R. goodfellowi
• Golden-crowned Kinglet, R. satrapa
• Ruby-crowned Kinglet, R. calendula

Goldcrest - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Binomial name Regulus regulus (Linnaeus, 1758) The Goldcrest, Regulus regulus, is a very small passerine bird in the kinglet family. ... Binomial name Regulus ignicapillus (Temminck, 1820) The Firecrest, Regulus ignicapillus, is a very small passerine bird in the kinglet family. ... Binomial name Regulus madeirensis (Harcourt, 1851) The Madeira Firecrest Regulus madeirensis is a very small passerine bird in the kinglet family, closely allied to the Firecrest, and until recently considered a subspecies of it. ... Binomial name Regulus goodfellowi Ogilvie-Grant, 1906 The Taiwan Firecrest, also Taiwan Flamecrest, is a species of bird that is endemic to Taiwan. ... Binomial name Regulus goodfellowi Ogilvie-Grant, 1906 The Taiwan Firecrest, also Taiwan Flamecrest, is a species of bird that is endemic to Taiwan. ... Binomial name Regulus satrapa (Lichtenstein, 1823) The Golden-crowned Kinglet, Regulus satrapa, is a very small songbird. ... Binomial name Regulus calendula (Linnaeus, 1766) The Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Regulus calendula, is a very small songbird. ...

Physical Features

All members of the Family are 9-15.5 cm. These birds have an eye-ring or a stripe at the supercilium. The males posess a colorful crown patch. They have one specific feather which projects forward over the nares. The term supercilium is a name for a plumage feature present on the heads of many bird species. ...

Golden-crowned Kinglet, Regulus satrapa Golden-crowned Kinglet from US FWS Source: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge Template:PD-USGov-FWS File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Binomial name Regulus satrapa (Lichtenstein, 1823) The Golden-crowned Kinglet, Regulus satrapa, is a very small songbird. ...

Firecrest Firecrest This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... Binomial name Regulus ignicapillus (Temminck, 1820) The Firecrest, Regulus ignicapillus, is a very small passerine bird in the kinglet family. ...

Behavior

The Golden-crowned Kinglet has been observed in groups and huddling together during the cold winter nights in northern North America, these overnight stages may last 16 hours.

In North America the Ruby-crowned Kinglet is more likely to be seen because it occupies the lower tree branches as opposed to the Golden-crowned Kinglet which usually stays higher up in the tree. World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ...

The birds have been observed traveling in different sexually biased groups based on geographic location. During winter in California groups of Ruby-crowned Kinglets were counted and there was a much higher percentage of females. This number was however variable depending on location.

Migration and Geography

Members of this family generally reside in holarctic forests. The Golden-crowned kinglet and the Ruby-crowned kinglet are the two species of Kinglets which are present in North America. These two species migrate to North America from Alaska and are mainly present in the large boreal forests of the United States and Canada. The Holarctic is a term used by zoologists to define the ecozone covering much of Eurasia and North America, which have often been connected by the Bering land bridge. ... Binomial name Regulus satrapa (Lichtenstein, 1823) The Golden-crowned Kinglet, Regulus satrapa, is a very small songbird. ... Binomial name Regulus calendula (Linnaeus, 1766) The Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Regulus calendula, is a very small songbird. ... Official language(s) English Capital Juneau Largest city Anchorage Area  - Total   - Width   - Length   - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 1st 663,267 sq mi  1,717,854 km² 808 miles  1,300 km 1,479 miles  2,380 km 13. ... Boreal may refer to these: Northern from the eponymous Boreas, god of the North Wind in Greek mythology. ...

Reproduction and Nesting

These birds build a sperical nest composed mostly of moss and cobwebs and lined with many feathers of other species. They produce usually 7-9 eggs. The birds and monogomous and provide biparental care.

Feeding

These very small birds are insectivorous. One interesting study examined the chemical consistency of several song bird species diets. It showed that the kinglets have a very chemically consistent diet. Therefore they generally eat the same type food year round regardless of conditions. Ruby-crowned and Golden-crowned kinglets have been observed using white spruce a great deal for foraging. Any organism with a diet that consists chiefly of insects and similar small creatures is an insectivore. ...

References

• Podlesak, D. W. (2005). Stable isotopes in breath, blood, feces and feathers can indicate intra-individual changes in the diet of migratory songbirds. Oecologia, 142: 4: 501-510.
• Cumming, E.E. (2004) Habitat segregation among songbirds in old-growth boreal, mixed wood forest. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 118: 1: 45-55
• Hayes, J.P. (2003) Response of birds to thinning young Douglas-fir forests. Ecological Applications. 13:5: 1222-1232
• Heinrich, Bernd. (2003) Overnighting of Golden-crowned Kinglets during winter. Wilson Bulletin. 115:2: 113-114
• Humple, D.L.,et al. (2001) Female-biased sex ratio in a wintering population of Ruby-crowned Kinglets. Wilson Bulletin. 113:4: 419-424
• Gill, F. (1995). Ornithology. USA: W.H. Freeman.
• Bent, A.C. (1964). Life histories of North American thrushes, kinglets, and their allies. New York: Dover Publications
• Alström, P.(2006, February). Phylogeny and classification of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 38 (2).Retrieved March 2006, from http://portal.isiknowledge.com/portal.cgi