Their Kingdom ended with the referendum by which Italians chose the republic as the form of state - see also birth of the Italian Republic. Under the Constitution of the Italian Republic, male descendants of the House of Savoy were forbidden from entering Italy. This provision was removed in 2002.
The house descended from Humbert I, Count of Sabaudia (or "Maurienne") (Italian Umberto I "Biancamano"), (1003-1047 or 1048), and includes the Counts of Savoy, the Dukes of Savoy, the Kings of Sardinia, and the Kings of Italy. Piedmont was later joined with Sabaudia, and the name evolved into "Savoy" (Italian "Savoia").
Victor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy, became King of Sicily 1713 (by terms of the Treaty of Utrecht), but Sicily was returned to Austrian rule 1718 and then exchanged for the Kingdom of Sardinia 9 May 1720.
Charles Emmanuel IV (d 6 Oct 1819) was deposed as ruler of Piedmont and Savoy 1797, abdicated as King of Sardinia at Naples 4 Jun 1802, but succeeded as primogeniture representative of the Stuart dynasty on the death of titular King Henry IX, Cardinal Duke of York, 13 Jul 1807.
Charles Albert was succeeded by his eldest son, Victor Emmanuel I, who ceded Savoy and Nice to France 1858 in exchange for French support in the war with Austria, and led the movement for the unification of Italy.
After the collapse of that monarchy its territories passed to the German kings, and Savoy was divided between the counts of Provence, of Albon, of Gex, of Bresse, of the Genevois, of Maurienne, the lords of Habsburg, of Zahringen, andc., and several prelates.
The founder of the house of Savoy is Tfmberto Biancamano (Humbert the White-handed), a feudal lord of uncertain but probably Teutonic descent, who in 1003 was count of Salmourenc in the Viennois, lh 1017 of Nyon on the h:nded.
Lake of Geneva, and in 1024 of the Val dAosta on the eastern slope of the Western Alps.
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