NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Kipah

A kippah (Hebrew: כִּפָּה, also kipah, kipa, kippa, plural kippot; Yiddish: יאַרמלקע, yarmlke, yarmulke, yarmulka, yarmelke, less commonly called kapel) is a thin, usually slightly-rounded cloth skullcap worn by observant Jews (usually men, but not always; see below). Kippot range in size from four inches to 9.5 inches (100 mm to 240 mm) Halakha (Hebrew: ×”×œ×›×”; also transliterated as Halakhah, Halacha, Halakhot and Halachah) is the collective corpus of Jewish religious law, including biblical law (the 613 mitzvot) and later talmudic and rabbinic law as well as customs and traditions. ... Posek (Hebrew ×¤×•×¡×§, IPA: , pl. ... Mitzvah (Hebrew: ×ž×¦×•×•×”, commandment; plural, mitzvot; from ×¦×•×”, tzavah, command) is a word used in Judaism to refer to (a) the commandments, of which there are 613, given in the Torah (the first five books of the Hebrew Bible) or (b) any Jewish law at all. ... Rabbinic literature, in the broadest sense, can mean the entire spectrum of Judaisms rabbinic writing/s throughout history. ... Minhag (Hebrew: ×ž× ×”×’ Custom, pl. ... Poo Poo Tlak Torah () is a Hebrew word meaning teaching, instruction, or law. Itlucky is the central and most important document of Judaism revered by Jews through the ages. ... TaNaKh [×ª× ×´×š] (also Tanach, IPA: or ), is an acronym that identifies the Hebrew Bible. ... The first page of the Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Berachot, folio 2a The Talmud (×ª×œ×ž×•×“) is a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history. ... The Mishneh Torah or Yad ha-Chazaka is a code of Jewish law by one of the most important Jewish authorities, Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon, better known as Maimonides or by the Hebrew abbreviation RaMBaM (usually written Rambam in English). ... The Shulkhan Arukh (Hebrew: Prepared Table), by Rabbi Yosef Karo is considered the most authoritative compilation of Jewish law since the Talmud. ... Orach Chayim is a section of Rabbi Jacob ben Ashers compilation of Jewish Law, Arbaah Turim, that treats all aspects of Jewish Law primarily pertinent to the Jewish calendar (whether the daily, weekly, monthly, or annual calendar). ... Hebrew redirects here. ... Yiddish (Yid. ... It has been suggested that Textile be merged into this article or section. ... A skullcap can be : in anatomy, the top part of the skull as headgear, a type of cap Observant Jewish men wear yarmulkes, small cloth skull-caps Catholic clergy, including The Pope, wear skullcaps known as zucchetti. ...

Head Coverings in Ancient Israelite Culture

The Tanach (The Hebrew Bible) contains scarcely anything about head coverings; neither do ancient monuments furnish very much material. The Israelites on Sennacherib's marble relief appear with no headdress, and although the ambassadors of Jehu on the Shalmaneser stele have a head covering, their costume seems to be Assyrian rather than Israelitish. Only one passage of the older literature is of any significance: I Kings 20:31 mentions חֲבָליִם "havalim" together with שַׂקּיִם "saqqim," both of which are placed around the head. This calls to mind pictures of Syrians on Egyptian monuments, represented wearing a cord around their long, flowing hair, a custom still followed in Arabia. Evidently the costume of the poorest classes is represented; but as it gave absolutely no protection against the heat of the sun to which a worker in the fields is so often exposed, there is little probability that it remained unchanged very long, although it may have been the most ancient fashion. Kippot on sale in the Jerusalem shuq, June 2004. ... Kippot on sale in the Jerusalem shuq, June 2004. ... 11th century Targum Tanakh [תנ״ך] (also spelt Tanach or Tenach) is an acronym for the three parts of the Hebrew Bible, based upon the initial Hebrew letters of each part: Torah [תורה] (The Law; also: Teaching or Instruction), Chumash [חומש] (The... An Israelite is a member of the Twelve Tribes of Israel, descended from the twelve sons of the Biblical patriarch Jacob who was renamed Israel by God in the book of Genesis, 32:28 The Israelites were a group of Hebrews, as described in the Bible. ... Jehu son of Omri kneeling at the feet of Shalmaneser III on the Black Obelisk. ... This pages lists the Kings of Assyria from earliest times. ... The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula is a mainly desert peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia and an important part of the greater Middle East. ...

The Israelites most probably had a headdress similar to that worn by the Bedouins. This consists of a keffieh folded into a triangle, and placed on the head with the middle ends hanging over the neck to protect it, while the other two are knotted together under the chin. A thick woolen cord ("'akal") holds the cloth firmly on the head. In later times, the Israelites, both men and women, adopted a turban-like headdress more like that of the fellahs of today. The latter wear a little cap ("Takiyah"), usually made of cotton cloth folded doubly or triply, which is supposed to shield the other parts of the head covering from perspiration. With boys, this often forms the only head covering. Under this cap are placed one, often two, felt caps ("lubbadah"); and the national head-dress of the Turks, the red tarboosh. Around this, finally, is wound either an unbleached cotton cloth with red stripes and fringe, a gaily-flowered "mandil," a red-and-yellow-striped keffich, a black cashmere scarf, a piece of white muslin, or a colored cloth. Such a covering not only keeps off the scorching rays of the sun, but it also furnishes a convenient pillow on occasion, and is not seldom used by the fellahs for preserving important documents. A Sikh man wearing a turban The turban (Arabic: â€Ž, â€˜imÄmÃ¤; Turkish: tÃ¼lbent; Persian: Ø¯Ù„Ø¨Ù†Øª, dulband) is a headdress, of Asian origin, consisting of a long scarf wound round the head or an inner hat. ...

That the headdress of the Israelites must have been of this kind is shown by the noun צַנִיף "Tzanif" and by the verb חַבָּש "Habash" (to wind; comp. Ezekiel 16:10; Jonah 2:6). "Tzanaf" means "to roll like a ball" (Isaiah 22:18). As to the form of such turbans, nothing is known; perhaps they varied according to the different classes of society, as was customary with the Assyrians and Babylonians, whose fashions may have influenced the costume of the Israelites. [1] Middle Eastern and North African Jewish community headdress may also resemble that of the ancient Israelites. In Yemen, the wrap around the cap was called מַצַר "Massar"; the head covering worn by all women according to Dath Mosha was a גַּרגוּש "Gargush". [2]

Traditions

Traditionally the kippah was worn only by men (women covered their heads more completely with scarves, hats, or wigs), but in modern times the push for equality between the sexes in the practice of Judaism has led some non-Orthodox women to wear kippot as well. Some Jews wear kippot only while praying, making blessings, or studying Jewish religious texts; more traditional Jews wear kippot the entire day, making sure not to walk more than four cubits (about 2 m) without a head covering, especially outside. A Scarf joint is a means of joining usually wood, sometimes metal, end to end. ... There are many different styles of hats. ... A wig or toupee is a head of hair - human, horse-hair or synthetic - worn on the head for fashion or various other aesthetic and stylistic reasons, including cultural and religious observance. ... Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people. ... Orthodox Judaism is the formulation of Judaism that adheres to a relatively strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics first canonized in the Talmudic texts (The Oral Law). Various Gaonim, Rishonim, and Acharonim expounded upon these same Talmudic texts. ... Jewish services are the communal prayer recitations which form part of the observance of Judaism. ... Cubit is the name for any one of many units of measure used by various ancient peoples. ...

Any head covering is acceptable according to halakha (Jewish law) because there is no Jewish law regarding head coverings. A kippah is a convenient alternative due to its compactness and lightness; it has become identified as a symbol of Jewishness in the last century. Many Orthodox males - who favor large black cloth or velvet yarmulkes - will wear Fedoras or Borsalinos with their yarmulkes worn underneath. The double head-covering has Kabbalistic meaning to the Hasidim, especially. However, in American cities with large populations of observant Jews, the kippah is less common in indoor places, where Gentiles normally remove their hats, such as schools, office buildings, courtrooms, etc. American Jews often have difficulty struggling with whether or not to wear a kippah publicly. Some even question whether or not to wear them to synagogue. ImageMetadata File history File links Na-nach-nachma-yarmulke. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Na-nach-nachma-yarmulke. ... Halakha (Hebrew: ×”×œ×›×”; also transliterated as Halakhah, Halacha, Halakhot and Halachah) is the collective corpus of Jewish religious law, including biblical law (the 613 mitzvot) and later talmudic and rabbinic law as well as customs and traditions. ... The word Gentile from the Latin gentilis, can either be a translation of the Hebrew Goy/×’×•×™ or of the Hebrew word Nochri/× ×›×¨×™. In the most common modern use it refers to the former being derived from the Latin term gens (meaning clan or a group of families) and it is... A courtroom is the actual enclosed space in which a judge regularly holds court. ...

Often, the color and fabric of the kippah can be a sign of adherence to a specific religious movement. The Israeli Religious Zionist community is often referred to by the name kippot serugot (Hebrew כיפות סרוגות), literally "knitted kippot," though they are typically crocheted. (This has led to the humorous custom among girls to refer to men who wear crocheted kippot as "serugah".) American Modern Orthodox Jews typically wear small suede or leather yarmulkes, requiring special clips to hold them in place. Some Haredi sects are referred to by the name kipot shekhorot (Hebrew כיפות שחורות), literally "black kippot". Kippot shekhorot are usually sewn of black fabric and often made larger than kippot serugot, particularly those worn outside Israel. Kippot Sruggot: Modern Orthodox Jewish students carry the flag of Israel at a public parade in Manhattan, NY, USA The Religious Zionist Movement, or Religious Zionism, also called Mizrachi, is an ideology combining Zionism and Judaism, which offers Zionism based on the principles of Jewish religion and heritage. ... Hebrew redirects here. ... Knit hat, yarn, and knitting needles A woman knitting at a coffee shop Knitting is one of several ways to turn thread or yarn into cloth (cf weaving, crochet). ... Crochet Hooks The word crochet is derived from the Middle French word croc or croche, meaning It describes the process of creating fabric from a length of cord, yarn, or thread with a Crochet hook. ... Modern Orthodox Judaism is a philosophy that attempts to adapt Orthodox Judaism and interaction with the surrounding non-Jewish, modern world. ... Haredi Judaism, also called ultra-Orthodox Judaism, is the most theologically conservative form of Judaism. ...

In Israel, large crocheted kippot are the norm. Many young people, however, wear small kippot; young Orthodox Jews in Israel continue to favor the small black crocheted yarmulke. Men of Jewish faith serving in the Israeli Defense Forces wear a standard-issue olive drab kippah.

Colors play a large role, though much less so today than formerly. Soft, muted browns and blues, crocheted, indicate strong Zionist beliefs. (Rabbis and other leaders wear very large versions of these crocheted kippot.) Small, coaster-sized black crocheted yarmulkes once indicated a modernist leaning, but today most young people wear these.

The original Sephardic custom was to wear yarmulkes that resemble the skullcaps of the Catholic Church- indeed, such skullcaps originated in the Jewish tradition. Many 19th century American Jews wore pillbox kippot or other shapeless head coverings. Reform Jews ceased wearing kippot around the same period.

In the early 19th century in the United States rabbis often wore a scholar's cap (large saucer-shaped caps of cloth, like a beret) or Chinese skullcap. A famous Californian rabbi, the Moldavian Rabbi Benjamin ben Benjamin (Rabbi Benjamin II), is pictured in a beautiful engraved portrait wearing a Chinese silk skullcap.

Other Jews of this era wore black pillbox-shaped kippot. During the Polemic Wars in the mid-1800s, Reformers led by Rabbi Isaac Weiss stopped wearing kippot altogether. This happened as a direct result of Rabbi Isaac's kippah being knocked off his head during an altercation in the synagogue at Baltimore.^{[citation needed]}

More recently, kippot in the colours of a sports team supported by the wearer, especially football, have been observed. In the United States, children's kippot with cartoon characters or themes such as Star Wars are popular. (In response to this trend, some Jewish schools have banned kippot with characters that do not conform to traditional Jewish values.) Look up Football in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The cover of the 2004 DVD widescreen release of the revamped original Star Wars Trilogy. ...

Some Breslov Hasidim, known commonly as Bratzlavers, most notably the followers of the late Rabbi Yisroel Ber Odesser, wear a large white knitted yarmulke with the Na Nach Nachma mantra on it. (Rabbi Yisroel found this mantra in the form of a little note that fluttered out of a book he was perusing, one day in 1886 or 1887. The note, called the "Letter from Heaven" and "The Holy Note", is hand copied onto parchments that are worn around the neck.) Breslov is a branch of Hasidic Judaism founded by Rebbe Nachman of Breslov (1772-1810) a great-grandson of the Baal Shem Tov, founder of Hasidism. ... Rabbi Yisroel Odesser; a respected leader (but not the rebbe) of the Breslover Hasidim. ... Knit hat, yarn, and knitting needles A woman knitting at a coffee shop Knitting is one of several ways to turn thread or yarn into cloth (cf weaving, crochet). ... Na Nach Nachma is a Hebrew language mantra used by some sub-groups of the Breslov group of Hasidic Jews. ...

Bratzlavers most commonly wear full-head-sized crocheted yarmulkes, which are called "Bratzlavers".

"Kabbalist" yarmulkes are very popular today, consisting of a larger size and usually crocheted in a single, dark color. These seem to be reflections of the "Bratzlaver" kippot, which are designed to cover the entire head almost down to the ears. Such a large yarmulke is usually known as a "kufi", and is common among liberal Muslims.

Samaritan Jews once wore distinctive blue kippot, to separate them from Israelis who wore white ones, but today they more commonly wear turbans in the Sephardic tradition.

Etymology

In Hebrew, the word kippah means dome, but the etymology of yarmulke is not clear. Some linguists (e.g. Max Vasmer) maintain that the Yiddish word is derived (via Ukrainian or Polish) from the Turkic yağmurluk, meaning 'rainwear'. Hebrew redirects here. ... This article is about the building structural element. ... Max Vasmer (1886 – 1962), German linguist. ... Yiddish (ייִדיש, Jiddisch) is a Germanic language spoken by about four million Jews throughout the world. ... The Turkic languages constitute a language family of some thirty languages, spoken across a vast area from Eastern Europe to Siberia and Western China with an estimated 140 million native speakers and tens of millions of second-language speakers. ...

Other linguists (e.g. Herbert Zeiden) regard this hypothesis as untenable but still believe a Turkic origin is likely, suggesting that the first part of the word may come from yarim, a Turkic adjective meaning 'half', while the second part may come from qap, a Turkic word for 'cap', 'shell', 'enclosure', or 'container'.

Traditionally, yarmulke is considered to have originated from the Aramaic phrase "yarei mei-elokah" (in awe of the Lord), or perhaps, "yira malkah" (fear of the King), in keeping with the principle that the yarmulke is supposed to reflect someone's fear of heaven. Aramaic is a Semitic language with a four-thousand year history. ...

Purpose

The sources for wearing a kippah are found in the Talmud. In tractate Shabbat 156b it states Cover your head in order that the fear of heaven may be upon you. As well, in tractate Kiddushin 31a it states Rabbi Huna the son of Rabbi Joshua never walked 4 cubits (2 meters) with his head uncovered. He explained: "Because the Divine Presence (Shekhina) is always over my head." Image File history File links Rav_Sloveitchik. ... Image File history File links Rav_Sloveitchik. ... Rabbi (Classical Hebrew ×¨Ö´×‘Ö´Ö¼×™ ribbÄ«;; modern Ashkenazi and Israeli ×¨Ö·×‘Ö´Ö¼×™ rabbÄ«) in Judaism, means teacher, or more literally great one. The word Rabbi is derived from the Hebrew root-word RaV, which in biblical Hebrew means great or distinguished, (in knowledge). In the ancient Judean schools (and among Sefaradim today) the sages... Joseph Ber (Yosef Dov) Soloveitchik (Hebrew: ) () was an American Orthodox rabbi, Talmudist and modern Jewish philosopher. ... Yeshiva University is a private university in New York City whose first component was founded in 1886. ... The first page of the Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Berachot, folio 2a The Talmud (×ª×œ×ž×•×“) is a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history. ... Shekinah (שכינה - alternative transliterations Shechinah, Shekhina, Shechina) is the English spelling of the Hebrew language word that means the glory or radiance of God, or God resting in his house or Tabernacle amongst his people. ...

While there is a minority opinion that wearing a kippah is a Torah commandment, most halakhic decisors agree that it is merely a custom. The prevailing view among Rabbinical authorities is that this custom has taken on the force of law (Shulkhan Arukh, Orach Chayim 2:6), because it is an act of Kiddush Ha-Shem, "Sanctifying the Holy Name". From a strictly talmudic point of view, however, the only moment when a Jewish man is required to cover his head is during prayer (Mishne Torah, Ahavah, Hilkhot Tefilah 5:5). Poo Poo Tlak Torah () is a Hebrew word meaning teaching, instruction, or law. Itlucky is the central and most important document of Judaism revered by Jews through the ages. ... Halakha (Hebrew: ×”×œ×›×”; also transliterated as Halakhah, Halacha, Halakhot and Halachah) is the collective corpus of Jewish religious law, including biblical law (the 613 mitzvot) and later talmudic and rabbinic law as well as customs and traditions. ... Minhag (Hebrew: ×ž× ×”×’ Custom, pl. ...

A Hasidic/Kabbalist tradition that the kippah reflects several ideas: one is that Ha-Shem covers us with His Divine Palm; indeed, the Hebrew word kaf means either "cloud" or "palm of the hand". The Hebrew letter kav is the first letter of the word kippah.

Some have a custom of wearing two head coverings, typically a kippah covered by a hat, for Kabbalistic reasons; the two coverings correspond to two levels of intellect, or two levels in the fear of God. The High Priest of the Temple in Jerusalem, the Kohain Gadol, also used to wear a woolen kippa under his priestly headdress (Talmud Chulin 138a)[3]. Main article: Mitzvah 613 mitzvot (or 613 Commandments. ... This article describes some ethnic, historic, and cultural aspects of the Jewish identity; for a consideration of the Jewish religion, refer to the article Judaism. ... This article is about traditional Kabbalah (Jewish mysticism). ... Even in death, many kohanim choose to have this symbol, the special positioning of their fingers and hands during the Priestly Blessing, placed as a crest or symbol on their gravestones to indicate their status. ... The Temple in Jerusalem or the Holy Temple (Hebrew: ×‘×™×ª ×”×ž×§×“×©, transliterated Bet HaMikdash) was built in ancient Jerusalem in the 10th century BCE and was subsequently rebuilt twice, after the Babylonian Captivity and during Herod the Greats renovation. ...

Others wear two head coverings for fashion reasons (i.e., e.g., the kippah and a baseball cap or dress hat) so that they may appear fashionable in public, while still having the kippah for indoors. In a sense this defeats the purpose of wearing a yarmulke, as it is customary for the yarmulke to be visible to others from all angles.

Non-Jewish equivalents

A Muslim version of the Kippa, a square or round skullcap worn by Kazan Tatars, Uzbeks and Uyghurs, is called doppa. The doppa is derived from a Turkic, more pointy ancestral form as seen worn by Jalaleddin Mingburnu in some of his portraits. Doppa might have influenced the development of kippa when Jewish communities interacted with Muslim Turks in Eurasia. A skullcap can be : in anatomy, the top part of the skull as headgear, a type of cap Observant Jewish men wear yarmulkes, small cloth skull-caps Catholic clergy, including The Pope, wear skullcaps known as zucchetti. ... Kazan (Russian: ; Tatar: Qazan, ÐšÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½) is the capital city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, and one of Russias largest cities. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... The Uyghur (Uyghur: Ø¦Û‡ÙŠØºÛ‡Ø±; Uighur Simplified Chinese: ç»´å¾å°”; Traditional Chinese: ç¶å¾çˆ¾; Pinyin: WÃ©iwÃºÄ›r; Turkish: Uygur) are a Turkic people, forming one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the Peoples Republic of China. ... Doppa is a Muslim version of the Jewish kippa. ... Doppa is a Muslim version of the Jewish kippa. ... This is the disambiguation page for the terms Turk, Turkey, Turkic, and Turkish. ... Jelal ad-Din Mingburnu (also Ø¬Ù„Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø¯ÙŠÙ† Ù…Ù†ÙƒØ¨Ø±ØªÙŠ JalÄl al-DÄ«n MenguberdÄ« or Mankburny) was the last ruler of the Khwarezmid Empire. ... Doppa is a Muslim version of the Jewish kippa. ... A yarmulke (Yiddish יאַרמלקע yarmlke) or Kippah (Hebrew כִּפָּה kippāh, plural kippot) is a thin, usually slightly rounded cloth cap worn by Jews. ... Eurasia African-Eurasian aspect of Earth Eurasia is the landmass composed of Europe and Asia. ...

Conservative Muslims in Malaysia, especially in the rural areas, are often seen wearing a thin "kopiah", which looks almost exactly like the kippah in outward appearance. Many others, especially in countries such as Egypt and in Central Asia, wear a tall fabric pillbox called kufi. In Africa the yarmulke is well recognized, and is called kufune.

The topi is a pillbox (or "smoking cap") shaped skullcap, worn by Zoroastrians. The topi may have had influence on use of kippa. Some modern scholars believe that Zoroastrianism had a large influence on Judaism due to Persia's connections to the Roman Empire and because of its earlier control over Israel. Indeed, older photos of Zoroastrians shows them wearing kippot in white with red striped. Zoroastrianism was adapted from an earlier, polytheistic faith by Zarathushtra (Zoroaster) in Persia very roughly around 1000 BC (although, in the absence of written records, some scholars estimates are as late as 600 BC). ... A yarmulke (Yiddish יאַרמלקע yarmlke) or Kippah (Hebrew כִּפָּה kippāh, plural kippot) is a thin, usually slightly rounded cloth cap worn by Jews. ...

The Mowahiddun (Druze) also wear the fez or pillbox skullcap. Their origins are Muslim, but the Druze often side with Israelis during conflicts. Druze star Druze The Druze (also known as Druse; Arabic: darazÄ« Ø¯Ø±Ø²ÙŠ, pl. ...

The zucchetto of the Roman Catholic Church is based on a very old kippah design. It was taken from the Jews as a custom sometime around the 5th century - but during the early days of the Inquisition it was a most useful tool in spotting Jews: Catholic clerics doff the zucchetto in the presence of their superiors. Jews cannot remove their kippot in this way. The zucchetto is a small hat worn primarily by Roman Catholic prelates. ...

Switzerland is home to the Cup-and-Ring skullcap, a lovely straw yarmulke with embroidered flowers, a small pom-pom in the center, and velvet strips sewn round it in rings. This cap, apparently unrelated to the Jewish tradition, is worn by shepherds for luck and by married men (for fertility).

Buddhist priests in China wear the bao-tzu (more commonly known as the mao-tzu), the classic skullcap that is the most like the Jewish tradition. In Japan, the cap is more in the form of a pillbox and is called the bosa (which is the Japanese rendition of the Chinese bao-tzu). Though not of ecclesiastical significance, the Buddhist skullcap does denote something about the priest's standing in the community.

A very extensive discussion of the history of cap-like headcoverings around the world can be found in My Kingdom for a Crown: An Around-the-World History of the Skullcap and its Modern Socio-Political Significance by Reverend Antonio Hernández [4] .

External links

Categories: Articles with unsourced statements | Jewish law and rituals | Hebrew words | Caps | Jewish religious clothing Set of implements used in the performance of brit milah, displayed in the GÃ¶ttingen city museum Brit milah (Hebrew: ×‘Ö°×¨Ö´×™×ª ×žÖ´×™×œÖ¸×” [bÉ™rÄ«t mÄ«lÄ] literally: covenant [of] circumcision), also berit milah (Sephardi), bris milah (Ashkenazi pronunciation) or bris (Yiddish) is a religious ceremony within Judaism that welcomes infant Jewish... Zeved habat (also written Zebed habat) (Hebrew זֶבֶד הַבָּת) is the mainly Sephardic naming ceremony for girls, corresponding in part to the non-circumcision part of the Brit milah ceremony for boys. ... Hebrew names are names of Hebrew language origin. ... Pidyon HaBen (Hebrew: ×¤×“×™×•×Ÿ ×”×‘×Ÿ) is the redemption of the first-born, an important ritual in Judaism. ... The introduction of this article does not provide enough context for readers unfamiliar with the subject. ... A modern Wimpel with the name obscured A wimpel (Yiddish: ×•×•×ž×¤×¢×œ, from German, cloth, derived from Old German, bewimfen, meaning to cover up or conceal [1]) is a long, linen sash used as a binding for the Sefer Torah by Jews of Germanic (Yekke) origin. ... According to Jewish law, when Jewish children reach the age of maturity (12 years for girls, 13 years for boys) they become responsible for their actions. ... Yeshiva or yeshivah (Hebrew: ×™×©×™×‘×” pl. ... Ablution in Judaism. ... Listed below are some Hebrew prayers and blessings that are part of Judaism that are recited by many Jews. ... Birkat Hamazon (×‘×¨×›×ª ×”×ž×–×•×Ÿ), known in English as the Grace After Meals (lit. ... Judaism considers marriage to be the ideal state of existence; a man without a wife, or a woman without a husband, are considered incomplete. ... In Hebrew a shidduch or shiduch (שידוך, pl. ... 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Jewish feminism is a movement that seeks to improve the religious, legal, and social status of women within Judaism and to open up new opportunities for religious experience and leadership for Jewish women. ... Main article: Mitzvah 613 mitzvot (or 613 Commandments. ... Minhag (Hebrew: ×ž× ×”×’ Custom, pl. ... Torah study is the study by Jews of the Torah, Tanakh, Talmud, responsa, rabbinic literature and similar works, all of which are Judaisms religious texts, for the purpose of the mitzvah (commandment) of Torah study itself, meaning study for religious (as opposed to academic) purposes. ... In Jewish services, a Parsha or Parshah or Parashah, ×¤×¨×©×”, meaning Portion in Hebrew, is the weekly Torah reading text selection. ... Daf Yomi (Heb. ... A Jewish holiday or Jewish Festival is a day or series of days observed by Jews as holy or secular commemorations of important events in Jewish history. ... Tzedakah (Hebrew: ×¦×“×§×”) in Judaism, is the Hebrew term most commonly translated as charity, though it is based on a root meaning justice (×¦×“×§). According to Maimonides, there are eight levels of tzedakah in Jewish tradition, ranging from publicly giving funds, so that the donor and recipient both know who each other... Sefer Torah being read during weekday service. ... Tzitzit (Ashkenazi pronunciation: tzitzis) are fringes or tassles (Hebrew: ×¦×™×¦×ª (Biblical), ×¦×™×¦×™×ª (Mishnaic)) found on a tallit worn by observant Jews as part of practicing Judaism. ... The tallit (Modern Hebrew: ) or tallet(h) (Sephardi Hebrew: ), also called talles (Yiddish), is a prayer shawl cloak that is worn during the morning Jewish services (the Shacharit prayers) in Judaism, during the Torah service, and on Yom Kippur. ... Tefillin (Hebrew: ×ª×¤×œ×™×Ÿ), also called phylacteries, are either of two boxes containing Biblical verses and black, leather straps attached to them which are used in rabbinic Jewish prayer. ... Mezuzah (×ž×–×•×–×” literally means a doorpost in Hebrew, plural: mezuzot) refers to one of the 613 commandments in Judaism, which requires that a small parchment (klaf) inscribed with two sections from the Torahs Book of Deuteronomy (6:4-9 and 11:13-21) be affixed to each doorpost and gate... Hanukiah, ChÄƒnukkiyah (×—Ö·× Ö»×›Ö´Ö¼×™Ö¸Ö¼×”, ×—× ×•×›×™×™×”) is a 9-branched candelabrum for Chanukkah. ... A shofar in the Yemenite Jewish style. ... The Jewish diaspora (Hebrew: Tefutzah, scattered, or Galut, exile) is the dispersion of the Jewish people throughout the world. ... STOP THE WAR NOW!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! HIJOS DE PUTAAAAAAA ISRAEL=TERRORISTAS. WHAT IS THE WORLD AND THE AMERICANS DOING NOW? SEND THEM BACK TO AUSWITS ... Selection procedure of Hungarian Jews at the Auschwitz camp on 26 May 1944, where the Nazis chose whom to kill immediately and whom to use as slave labor or for medical experimentation. ... Bereavement in Judaism (××‘×œ×•×ª aveilut - mourning) is a combination of minhag (traditional custom) and mitzvot (commandments) derived from Judaisms classical Torah and rabbinic texts. ... A chevra kaddisha (Hebrew: holy society, better translated as burial society) is a loosely structured but generally closed organization of Jewish men and women who see to it that the bodies of Jews are prepared for burial according to halacha (Jewish law) and are protected from desecration, willful or not... In Judaism, Shivah is a week-long (Shivah in Hebrew means seven) period of grief and mourning for a first-degree relative (parent, child, sibling, or spouse). ... Kaddish (×§×“×™×© Aramaic: holy) refers to an important and central blessing in the Jewish prayer service. ... Psalms (Hebrew: Tehilim, ×ª×”×™×œ×™×) is a book of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh. ... Bereavement in Judaism (××‘×œ×•×ª aveilut - mourning) is a combination of minhag (traditional custom) and mitzvot (commandments) derived from Judaisms classical Torah and rabbinic texts. ... Bereavement in Judaism (××‘×œ×•×ª aveilut - mourning) is a combination of minhag (traditional custom) and mitzvot (commandments) derived from Judaisms classical Torah and rabbinic texts. ...

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Head Coverings in Ancient Israelite Culture GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");