Kirkpatrick Macmillan (* 2 September 1812 in Keir, Dumfries and Galloway; † 26 January 1878 in Keir) was a Scottish blacksmith. During much of the 20th century, historians generally credited him with inventing the rear-wheel driven bicycle. is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the overture by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture; For the wars, see War of 1812 (USA - United Kingdom) or Patriotic War of 1812 (France - Russia) For the Siberia Airlines plane crashed over the Black Sea on October 4, 2001, see Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 1812 was a leap year starting... Keir, properly Keir Mill, is a small village in the region of Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, one mile south of Penpont. ... Dumfries and Galloway (Dùn Phris agus an Gall-Ghaidhealaibh in Gaelic) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland. ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Keir, properly Keir Mill, is a small village in the region of Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, one mile south of Penpont. ... This article is about the country. ... For other uses, see Blacksmith (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Bicycle (disambiguation). ...

He is chubby and fat he live sin his flat dododododododada. He eats he farts he eats lots of tarts dododododododada He is smelly and gross and likes to pick his nose dododododododada.

Skepticism

The Johnston doctrine of the bright, modest and industrious tradesman, achieving what others would only do decades later, captured the public imagination, especially in Scotland. It was also well accepted among historians, at least British ones, in the early 20th century. Late in the century, skepticism became rife.

Johnston did not present conclusive proofs, though he wrote that he had them. Skeptics allege that MacMillan design which he presented was a composite of the two McCall velocipedes of 1869.

The identification of MacMillan as recipient of an early speeding ticket for his bicycling is doubted on grounds that its application would require an early Victorian newspaper to mistake a blacksmith for a "gentleman".

Scholarly misgivings did not discourage popular retelling with interesting details from sources unknown. ^[1]

Other claims to invention

Some historians who have studied the invention of the pedal-driven bicycle, including David Herlihy, state that Macmillan was not the first inventor. Herlihy states there is no contemporary documentary evidence that a pedal-crank design was applied to a 2-wheeled vehicle and that letters from customers in Scotland to the Michaux company in 1868 state that all of the human-powered vehicles there are tricycles and quadricycles^[2]. A similar claim is made in a short introduction in David Gordon Wilson's Bicycling Science, 3rd edition ^[3]. Pierre Michaux (June 26, 1813 - 1883) was a blacksmith who furnished parts for the carriage trade in Paris during the 1850s and 1860s. ... Three human powered vehicles: the Gossamer Albatross II and two bicycles. ... A customised Harley-Davidson trike A tricycle is a three-wheeled vehicle. ... Quadricycle (also spelled quadracycle, quadrocycle) is a four-wheeled vehicle. ...

See also

History of the bicycle#The 1830s: the reported Scottish inventions Vehicles for human transport that have two-wheels and require balancing by the rider have a long history. ...

References

1. ^ A little story of how it happened
2. ^ David V. Herlihy: Bicycle - The History, 2004, pp. 65-69
3. ^ David Gordon Wilson: Bicycling Science 3rd ed. 2004, pp.12-13