Knowledge Navigator 1987 mockup. The device opened like a book, with the "spine" (invisible here) lifting the face to an easy reading angle, and acting as a carrying handle when closed. The dark circle at the top is a video camera similar to a modern webcam, the slot in the upper right holds a memory card, and the grills on either side of the screen are speakers. In one featurette, the screen is also shown acting as a scanner. The Knowledge Navigator is a concept described by former Apple Computer CEO John Sculley in his 1987 book, Odyssey. It describes a device which can access a large networked database of hypertext information, and use software agents to assist searching for information. Image File history File links Knowledgenavigator. ...
Image File history File links Knowledgenavigator. ...
1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
A Creative webcam A web camera (or webcam, real camera) is a real-time camera (usually, though not always, a video camera) whose images can be accessed using the World Wide Web, instant messaging, or a PC video calling application. ...
Apple Inc. ...
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ...
John Sculley (born April 6, 1939) was president of PepsiCo during the 1970s and early 1980s until he became CEO of Apple Computer on April 8, 1983. ...
1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
In computing , a database can be defined as a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer so that a program can consult it to answer queries. ...
In computing, hypertext is a user interface paradigm for displaying documents which, according to an early definition (Nelson 1970), branch or perform on request. ...
In computer science, a software agent is an abstraction, a logical model that describes software that acts for a user or other program in a relationship of agency. ...
Apple produced several concept videos showcasing the idea. All of them featured a tablet style computer with numerous advanced capabilities, including an excellent text-to-speech system with no hint of "computerese", and an equally powerful speech understanding system, allowing the user to converse with the system via an animated "butler" as the software agent. In computer science, a software agent is an abstraction, a logical model that describes software that acts for a user or other program in a relationship of agency. ...
In one vignette a university professor returns home and turns on his computer, in the form of a tablet the size of a large-format book. The agent is a bow-tie wearing butler who appears on the screen and informs him that he has several calls waiting. He ignores most of these, from his mother, and instead uses the system to compile data for a talk on deforestation in the Amazon rainforest. While he is doing this, the computer informs him that a colleague is calling, and they then exchange data through their machines while holding a video based conversation. Deforestation is the conversion of forested areas to non-forest land use such as arable land, pasture, urban use, logged area or wasteland. ...
Map of the Amazon rainforest ecoregions as delineated by the WWF. Yellow line encloses the Amazon rainforest. ...
In another such video, a young student uses a smaller handheld version of the system to prompt him while he gives a class presentation on volcanoes, eventually sending a movie of an exploding volcano to the video "blackboard". In a final installment a user scans in a newspaper by placing it on the screen of the full-sized version, and then has it help him learn to read by listening to him read the scanned results, and prompting when he pauses. For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ...
The videos were written and conceived by Hugh Dubberly and Doris Mitsch of Apple Creative Services, and produced by The Kenwood Group in San Francisco. Director: Randy Field. Director of Photography: Bill Zarchy. As a vision statement the films were groundbreaking, as powerful a vision of the future of computing as 2001: A Space Odyssey. It may be useful to note that the video opened with the statement "In the year 2010." Most viewers missed this indication that the Knowledge Navigator was a visitor from the future and wanted the features now. This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ...
The astute bow tie wearing software agent in the video has been the center of quite a few heated discussions in the domain of human-computer interaction. It was criticized as being an unrealistic portrayal of the capacities of any software agent in the foreseeable future, or even in a distant future. Some user interface professionals like Ben Shneiderman of the University of Maryland, College Park have also criticized its use of a human likeness for giving a misleading idea of the nature of any interaction with a computer, present or future. In computer science, a software agent is an abstraction, a logical model that describes software that acts for a user or other program in a relationship of agency. ...
// Human–computer interaction (HCI), alternatively man–machine interaction (MMI) or computer–human interaction (CHI), is the study of interaction between people (users) and computers. ...
The user interface is the part of a system exposed to users. ...
Ben Shneiderman (born August 21, 1947) is an American computer scientist. ...
The University of Maryland, College Park (also known as UM, UMD, or UMCP) is a public university located in the city of College Park, in Prince Georges County, Maryland, just outside Washington, D.C., in the United States. ...
Compared to recent research in the field of ubiquitous computing and augmented reality interfaces many of the aspects of the Knowledge Navigator seem a bit quaint. For some however this video prototype was and/or still is a source of motivation for their work. They see it as a goal set in a future they might help create one day. To some extent the concept was also used to position the Apple Newton handheld device. Newton was released before the technology was mature however, and proved to be a commercial failure. Eventually, the advent of the Internet and the World Wide Web and several devices marketed by Apple's competitors would indeed fulfill some of the visions of the Knowledge Navigator. Ubiquitous computing (ubicomp, or sometimes ubiqcomp) integrates computation into the environment, rather than having computers which are distinct objects. ...
Augmented reality (AR) is a field of computer research which deals with the combination of real world and computer generated data. ...
The Apple Newton MessagePad The Apple Newton, or simply Newton, is an early line of personal digital assistants developed, manufactured and marketed by Apple Computer (now Apple Inc. ...
WWWs historical logo designed by Robert Cailliau The World Wide Web (or the Web) is a system of interlinked, hypertext documents that runs over the Internet. ...
See also Hondas humanoid robot, ASIMO The term Artificial Intelligence (AI) was first used by John McCarthy who used it to mean the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.[1] It can also refer to intelligence as exhibited by an artificial (man-made, non-natural, manufactured) entity. ...
Clippy asking if you need help. ...
Dynabook prototype The Dynabook was a conceptual system proposed by Xerox PARC in the late-1960s and early-1970s. ...
Knowledge Visualization is a sub discipline of Information Design and Instructional Message Design (pedagogy; didactics, pedagogical psychology). ...
The Office of the future is a concept dating from the 40s. ...
Starfire was a Sun Microsystems promotional video filmed in 1994, demonstrating Bruce Tognazzinis ideas for twenty-first century computer user interface. ...
External links - Two extracts (47 seconds each) of the "professor" video: http://www.billzarchy.com/clips/clips_apple_nav_navigator.htm
- The entire "professor" video (5 min 45 s): http://www.digibarn.com/collections/movies/knowledge-navigator.html
- "Future Shock", a similar video, also made by Apple (11 min 54 s): http://www.mprove.de/uni/asi/futureshock.html
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