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Kohat (Urdu: کوہاٹ) is a medium sized town in North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. It is the capital of Kohat District. The town centres around a British-era fort, various bazaars, and a beautiful military cantonment. There are a number of tombs of famous personalities in the area, like the Sufi saint and teacher Haji Bahadar Ali Abdullah Shah alias Haji Bahadar Sahib, and Mian Fateh Shah (Sherkot, Kohat). The town boasts many mosques and schools. A British built narrow gauge railway runs through the town. To the north of the city lies the famous Kohat Pass. Urdu ( , , trans. ... North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) is geographically the smallest of the four provinces of Pakistan. ... Kohat distrct is located in NWFP province of Pakistan. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... Kohat Pass is a mountain pass in the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan, connecting Kohat with Peshawar, crossing the Khigana Mountain. ...

History

Ancient History

The only other remnants of the Buddhist days is a road cut off the mountain side,^[2] on the western skirts of the Jawaki hills near Kotal Post which leads by an even gradient towards the crest. A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by...

Kohat Bangash attacked by Babur

Kohat has mix population of Pashto and Hindko speakers.It is the land of gayoor and ghairatman pathans.partial parda system is in kohat. Bangash is a Pashtun tribe settled in Pakistan. ... Zāhir ud-DÄ«n Mohammad, commonly known as Bābur (February 14, 1483 – December 26, 1530) (Chaghatay/Persian: ; also spelled ), was a Muslim Emperor from Central Asia who founded the Mughal dynasty of India. ... Babar can refer to: Babar the Elephant The BaBar Experiment at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Babur (also spelled Baber or Babar), 16th-century ruler of India and founder of the Mogul Empire Babar Island, an island of Indonesia Safir A Babar, This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which... Pashto (پښتو; also known as Afghan, Pushto, Pashto, Pashtoe, Pashtu, and Pukhto) is the language spoken by the ethnic Afghan otherwise known as the Pashtun people who inhabit Afghanistan and the Western provinces of Pakistan. ... It has been suggested that Hindku be merged into this article or section. ...

Sikh and British Rule

In the beginning of 19th century Kohat came under the control of Sikhs Ranjit Singh first marched to Peshawar in 1819 . In 1832 Azim Khan was defeated by Ranjit Singh with great slaughter near Naushera , after which Peshawar Sirdars became tributary to the Sikh Government , who sent an army each year to collect the revenue .^[4]In 1834 on the flight of the Sirdars , Hari Singh , the Sikh General , Autar gained possession of Peshawar and a Sikh Governor , Autar Singh Sindhanwalia , was now sent to Kohat . .^[5] ultimately withdrew leaving to the administrative control of Khan of Teri in 1836. Religions Sikhism Scriptures Guru Granth Sahib Languages English, Punjabi] A Sikh (English: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ) is an adherent to Sikhism. ... For the fictional global crime syndicate, see Singh Brotherhood. ... Maharaja Ranjit Singh (Punjabi: ), also called Sher-e-Punjab (The Lion of the Punjab) (1780-1839) was a Sikh ruler of the Punjab. ... Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa (1791-1837), the great Sikh warrior was born at Gujranwala, Punjab and was the Commander-In-Chief of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. ...

Kohat was finally annexed to the British dominion on 28th March 1849 with the rest of Punjab and an Assistant Commissioner was posted here to run the administration and to look after the British interests. In the initial stages of the British administration, the locals of the area posed considerable problems, although some of the tribe later joined with the British Government and helped them in running the area. Nevertheless, the Britishers were never at peace in this part of their Kingdom as resistance and opposition always cropped from one quarter or the other. But their tactics of "Divide and Rule" ultimately strengthened their hold over the region. They put one tribe against the other by giving preference to one against the other and finally succeeded in administration them. An example of unrest against the British empire are the actions of the brave Afridi Ajab Khan, who forced the entire British administration of the district to surrender to his demands. Anthem God Save The King-Emperor The British Indian Empire, 1909 Capital Calcutta (1858 - 1912) New Delhi (1912 - 1947) Language(s) Hindustani, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India  - 1858-1901 Victoria¹  - 1901-1910 Edward VII  - 1910-1936 George V  - 1936 Edward VIII  - 1936-1947 George VI Viceroy... For the collection of novellas by L. Sprague de Camp, see Divide and Rule (collection). ...

Ethnicity and Tribes

The main tribes are Bangash and Khattak along with Sayyids, Afridis, Orakzai, Awan, Shinwari, Gilanis, Banurian, Sheikhan and Paracha and Niazi which form the part of the population of the district. A good number of Muhajirs, Afghan Refugees and Bihari repatriates from Bangladesh have also settled in Kohat. The main tribes in Frontier Region Kohat are: Zarghun Khel, Akhurwal, Sheraki, Toor Chappar and Bosti Khel. Pushto is the predominant language while Hindku is mostly spoken and understood in Kohat city and adjacent areas. Bangash is a Pashtun tribe settled in Pakistan. ... Khattak or Khatak (Urdu: خٹک ) is a Pashtun tribe. ... For the Lost character, please see Sayid Jarrah Sayyid () (plural Saadah) is an honorific title that is given to males accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, who were the sons of his daughter Fatima Zahra and son-in... Afridi fighters seen in a battle. ... Response International, United Kingdom has recently about to initiate training workshops on Child Health promotion in Orakzai Agency. ... There are several references to Awan: Awan was an Elamite dynasty of Iran. ... The Shinwari are an ethnic tribe in Afghanistan. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Parachas also known as Piracha, Peracha, Pracha, Paracha are wealthy Muslim traders of North Westeen Province and northwestern Punjab of Pakistan. ... Major ethnic groups of Pakistan (1980); Pashtun in green. ... See Muhajir page for all Muhajir groups in the world Muhajir or Mohajir (Urdu: مہاجر) is a term widely used to describe the Muslims who migrated to Pakistan after the independence of Pakistan from India. ... The Muhajir or Mohajir Afghans are the Afghan refugees that fled Afghanistan after the Soviet invasion in 1979. ... The Bihari people are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group from Bihar in India with a history going back more than two millennia. ... Pashto (پښتو; also known as Afghan, Pushto, Pashto, Pashtoe, Pashtu, and Pukhto) is the language spoken by the ethnic Afghan otherwise known as the Pashtun people who inhabit Afghanistan and the Western provinces of Pakistan. ... Hindku is a minority living in the province of kohat in the north west frontiers in Pakistan. ...

Religion

The population of Kohat district is Muslim, the Sunni predominate and there is also large Shias population settled in the district and they stretch from Chikarkot Bala to Kachai (i.e. southern border of Kohat). Usterzai Payan is the largest village of Shia. It is an educated and civilised village. It is also popular becaous of Al-Asar College.AlAsr college is run by Shia NGO.some teachers reported that in matric and inter exams Al-Asr administration pay heavy money to examination staf, and student are made free to copy or use any other illelgal source to get good marks. Shia Bangash live in Usterzai Payanand adjescet villages like Chiker Kot Bala, Ali Zai Khadi Zai, Sher Kot, Usterzai Bala, Khwaja Khizar Jauzara, Raisan and Kachai. All Shia territory is green and has got many springs ans beautiful gardens. Chali Bagh, Jauzar and Kachai are famous for their natural springs. People come here in summer day from far of places. There are some Christian families, which settled during the British colonial rule, most of whom are employees of Municipal Committee, Cantonment Board and defence services also reside in Kohat city and Cantonment area. Some scattered families of Hindus also reside in Kohat, Kachai and Marai while a good numbers of Balmiks are employed in various local bodies. These sects are enjoying full religious freedom. People of Kohat are moderate and open minded and open hearted^{[citation needed]}. There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Shiʻa Islam (Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite) makes up the second largest sect of believers in Islam, constituting about 30%–35% of all Muslim. ... Bangash is a Pashtun tribe settled in Pakistan. ... For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ...

Geography

Location of Kohat District (highlighted in red) within the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan.

In Buddhist times, two Rajas namely Adh and Kohat settled along the northern border of the district. Raja Kohat gave his name to the town of Kohat and Raja Adh to the fort, the ruins of which are found on the hill side north of Muhammadzai, a village 6 kilometres to the west of Kohat. Another version about this name is that it is a combination of two words, "Koh and Hat" meaning mountain market i.e. a bazar situated in the mountain...... Modification:- (This nomanclature is not correct, as the word "Koh, meaning 'hill' is persian (farsi) and Hat (pronouced as 'Hut' is Sinskrit word.Words from these two languages are not combined to form one word.Instead the entire word is of one language is used in other language.The Two ruler brothers raja Kohat and raja Audh whose fort named 'Audh samodh ( samodh is short form of "SAMADHI meaning Monument in Sinskrit) can be seen in ruins.This version of is more akin to Kohat name, (Atiq Paracha)

The district lies between 33° - 04’ and 33° - 34’ north latitudes and 70° - 29’ and 72° - 01' east longitudes. It is bounded on the north by the Orakzai Agency of FATA, tribal areas adjoining Kohat, Peshawar and Nowshera districts, on the east by Attock District of the Punjab province, on the south by Mianwali District of Punjab and Karak District and on the west by Hangu district and the Orakzai agency of FATA. Orakzai Agency is situated in the Federal Administrated Areas, Pakistan. ... The Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in Pakistan are areas of Pakistan outside the four provinces, comprising a region of some 27,220 km² (10,507 sq mi). ... Peshawar District is a district in the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan that contains the city of Peshawar, the capital of the province. ... Nowshera (Urdu: نوشہرہ) is a district in the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan that contains the town of Nowshera. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the Pakistani province. ... Mianwali (Urdu: میانوالی) is a District in the north-west of Punjab province, Pakistan. ... For other uses, see Karak. ... Hangu is a district in the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ...

The total area of the district is 2545 square kilometres.

Physical features/Topography

The topography of the district is dominated by the mountains and hills. In the northwest of the district the important ranges include lower Miranzai and Bangash, which run in an eastwest direction. Further in the south is Kamar -Tanda. The height of these ranges varies from 650 to 1000 meters above the sea level. In the northeast the Sowaki and Adan Khel hills run in a southwest -northeast direction. These hills gradually rise in the extreme northeastern part of the district. The intervening open valleys between the hills are seldom more than eight kilometres in width. The Kohat valley is most important agriculturally rich area. Generally, the district is elevated and the ranges attain only inconsiderable heights above the plain area. The headquarter town of Kohat is more than 550 meters above the sea level.

Rivers and Streams

The river Indus forms the eastern boundary of the district, which separates it from the province of Punjab. Kohat Toi is a principal stream, which enters from Hangu district and flowing to east and southeast, drains into river Indus. The river has a small perennial flow, which disappears before it reaches the town of Kohat, it reappears again at some distance down stream and then flows continuously to the Indus. The Kohat Toi has several small torrents or tributaries, which join it at different places. Another, stream Teri Toi, which flows from west to east, in the southern half of the district, joins the river Indus. The river has a tittle or no perennial flow.

Flora

The common trees are ber, gurgulla, sanatha, phulal, olea etc. All kind of roses, bougain villea, kashmalo, gul-e-nargis, gui-e-dawoodi and other seasonal flowers are planted and sown in the district.

Fauna

Typical wildlife found in the district are hare, jackal, wolf, fox, wild cat, chakor, black partridge, grey partridge, urial, chinkara, blue bull, hogdeer, water fowl.

Transport

List of airports in Pakistan, Kohat Airbase The largest airport in Pakistan, Jinnah International Airport, Karachi There are an estimated 134 airfields in Pakistan. ... Kohat Airbase (IATA: OHT, ICAO: OPKT) is located at Kohat, Kohat District, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. ...

Much of the transport is privately operated within the city limits. There are also many buses that pass through the city via the Indus Highway. Most going to Peshawar and running between Bannu, D.I. Khan, Islamabad and rest of Pakistan. The railway line is operated between Kohat and Rawalpindi only. Indus Highway In 1988, the government of Pakistan announced its program of construction of Indus Highway (N-55): 1250km designated to provide alternative to existing National Highway (N-5): 1650 km linking Karachi with Peshawar via Lahore. ...   (Urdu: پشاور; Pashto: پښور) literally means City on the Frontier in Persian and is known as Pekhawar in Pashto. ... Location of Bannu District (highlighted in red) within the North West Frontier Province. ... Location within Pakistan Coordinates: , Country Pakistan Province Constructed 1960s Union Council 40 UC (District Govt. ...   (Urdu: راولپنڈی) is a city in the Potwar Plateau near Pakistans capital city of Islamabad, in the province of Punjab. ...

There is a total of 372 kilometres of metalled roads in the district.^{[citation needed]} Indus Highway passes through the district. Some of the main roads include (i) Kohat Khushal Garh road (ii) Kohat Hangu road (iii) Kohat Dhoda Guddi road (iv) Jata Shakardara road. Indus Highway In 1988, the government of Pakistan announced its program of construction of Indus Highway (N-55): 1250km designated to provide alternative to existing National Highway (N-5): 1650 km linking Karachi with Peshawar via Lahore. ...

Due to demand from the people for a tunnel at the Kotal hills, the Government has recently sanctioned a huge amount for this project, benefiting all the southern districts. The work has already been started. The following are some salient features of the project.

• Total project cost: 6626.75 millions
• Total length of approached road: 29.8 kilometres
• Length of north section: 7.7 kilometres
• Length of south section: 22.20 kilometres
• Length of tunnel: 1.89 kilometres
• Width of tunnel: 10.3 meters
• Black topped: 7.3 meters
• Shoulders: 3.0 meters
• Time of completion: 48 months

Utility services

The city is facilitated with two dams; Tanda Dam and Gandiali Dam. The former is located in the SW of the city and the later is located in the SE. Moreover , the city is giving a good friendship symbol between Japan and Pakistan by having a 1.8km long tunnel constructed by Taisei Corporation of Japan.^{[citation needed]} This article is about structures for water impoundment. ... Taisei Corporation ) (TYO: 1801 ) is a Japanese corporation which was established in 1873. ...

Villages and towns

Mian khel Jangle Khail Togh Bala, Bili Tang, Babari Banda, Gumbat, Nusrat Khel, Chiker Kot Bala, Sher Kot, Ali zai Khadi zai, Ustera Zai Payan and Bala, Kachai,Lachi Shah Pur, Jarma, Garhi Rauf Khan,sumari bala Jungle Khel, Shekan, K.D.A,satellite town (Kohat Development Authority) Pershai, Kandar, Gul Hasan Banda, Chorlakki, Kirri Shekhan, Jabbar, Nakband, Khushal Garh

References

v • d • e Major cities in Pakistan Capital Territory Islamabad** Sindh Hyderabad, Jacobabad, Karachi*, Khairpur, Nawabshah, Sukkur, Thatta Punjab Attock, Bahawalpur, Chakwal, Chiniot, Faisalabad, Gujar Khan, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Jhelum, Kasur, Mianwali, Lahore*, Multan, Murree, Rahimyar Khan, Rawalpindi, Renala Khurd, Sadiqabad, Sahiwal, Sargodha, Sheikhupura, Sialkot, Taxila NWFP Abbottabad, Chitral, Haripur, Kohat, Kohistan, Peshawar*, Mansehra, Mardan, Nowshera, Swat Balochistan Gwadar, Quetta* Azad Kashmir Mirpur, Muzaffarabad*, Rawalakot Northern Areas Gilgit*, Skardu * Indicates Regional Capitals ** Indicates Federal Capital