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Please see the discussion on the talk page. | The Kola Nuclear Power Plant, or Kola NPP, is a nuclear power plant in Northern Russia. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ...
A nuclear power station. ...
History
The No. 1 and 2 reactors at the KNPP went online in 1973 and 1974, respectively, and are part of Russia’s first generation of reactors (the VVER 440/230 type). They were designed to work for 30 years. Correspondingly, they were slated to be shut down in 2003 and 2004. Core of a small nuclear reactor used for research. ...
1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ...
1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...
However, the shutdown did not happen. Instead, the operational life spans of the reactors were extended, with a few upgrades. The license for their five-year operation extensions, granted by the Russian Federation's civilian nuclear regulator Gosatomnadzor (FSETAN’s predecessor), were issued without conducting an obligatory state environmental impact study. Conducting such federal level studies is mandated by the law "On Environmental Impact Studies" in Article 11. Life span is one of the most important parameters of any living organism. ...
Environmental impact analysis is conducted to determine the likely human environmental health impact, risk to ecological health, and changes to natures services that a proposed or ongoing project may bring, or is bringing. ...
It should be noted that the first extension for the old reactors was issued in summer 2003, almost precisely after former Deputy Minister of Atomic Energy Andrei Malyshev was installed as Gosatomnadzor’s chief. He replaced Yury Vishnevsky at this post. Vishnevsky had been an outspoken critic of the former Ministry of Atomic Energy, now known as the Federal Agency for Atomic energy, or Rosatom. The word critic comes from the Greek κÏιτικός, kritikós - one who discerns, which itself arises from the Ancient Greek word κÏιτής, krités, meaning a person who offers reasoned judgement or analysis, value judgement, interpretation, or observation. ...
In April 2005, the Murmansk Regional Prosecutor issued a recommendation to annul the violations surrounding the reactor life-span extensions and force regulatory bodies and Rosenergoatom, Russian’s nuclear power plant operational conglomerate, to carry out the environmental impact studies. But none of this took place. Annulment is a legal procedure for declaring a marriage null and void. ...
The Murmansk Prosecutors again ordered the state structures to fulfil the earlier order, but was again unsuccessful. In the near future, the Regional Prosecutor is expected to send documentation on the case to the Prosecutor General in Moscow after a possible court petition regarding the non-compliance with the prosecutors’ recommendations. In general terms, documentation is any communicable material (such as text, video, audio, etc. ...
Nature and Youth and Bellona ’s “Environment and Rights” magazine first drew the attention of prosecutors to the illegality of prolonging the life-spans of the reactors in 2004. The Bellona Foundation is an international environmental organization established in 1986 as a Norwegian organization and based in Oslo. ...
See also Russia has made plans to increase the number of reactors in operation from twenty nine to fifty nine, financed with the help of loans from the European Union. ...
Rosenergoatom is a Russian nuclear energy producer under the Federal Atomic Energy Agency (Rosatom). ...
Source Coordinates: 67°28′N, 32°28′E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...
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