?Kollam Kerala • India
Kollam
Coordinates: 8°53′N 76°36′E / 8.88, 76.6
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
Area • Elevation	• 3 m (10 ft)
District(s)	Kollam
Population • Density • Sex ratio	361,441 (2001) • 1,038/km² (2,688/sq mi) • 1069
Mayor	N.Padmalochanan
Codes • Pincode • Telephone • Vehicle	• 691 XXX • +0474 • KL-2
Website: www.kollam.nic.in

Coordinates: 8°53′N 76°36′E / 8.88, 76.6 , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: േകരളം; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links India_Kerala_locator_map. ... Image File history File links Locator_Dot. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Location of Mirzapur and the 82. ... The geography of India is extremely diverse, with landscape ranging from snow-capped mountain ranges to deserts, plains, rainforests, hills and plateaus. ... Basic Definition In geography, the elevation of a geographic location is its height above mean sea level (or some other fixed point). ... The divisions of a district. ... For the town with the same name, see Kollam. ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... Sex ratio by country for total population. ... 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and also: The International Year of the Volunteer The United Nations Year of Dialogue Among Civilizations Events January January 1 - A black monolith measuring approximately nine feet tall appears in Seattles Magnuson Park, placed by an anonymous... A Postal Index Number or PIN or Pincode is the post office numbering or post code system used by the Indian Postal Service (similar to the ZIP Code in the United States). ... For the past decade or so, telecommunication activities have gained momentum in India. ... Licence plates on the back of a taxi in Kolkata. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

For the district with the same name, see Kollam District.

Kollam (Malayalam:കൊല്ലം ) (known to the Portuguese as Quilon, pronounced koy-lon) is a city and a municipal corporation in Kollam district in the Indian state of Kerala. It lies 71 Kilometres north of the state capital Thiruvanathapuram(Trivandrum). It is also the headquarters of the Kollam District, one among the 14 districts in the state of Kerala. It is bound on the south by Thiruvananthapuram district, on the north by Pathanamthitta and Alappuzha, on the east by Tamil Nadu and on the west by the Arabian Sea. The town is very famous for cashew processing and coir manufacturing. It is the southern gateway to the backwaters of Kerala, and thus, a prominent tourist destination. For the town with the same name, see Kollam. ... Malayalam (മലയാളം ) is the language spoken predominantly in the state of Kerala, in southern India. ... A Municipal Corporation is a legal defintion for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, and towns. ... For the town with the same name, see Kollam. ... India is subdivided into twenty-eight states and seven union territories; the states and territories are themselves further subdivided. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: േകരളം; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer) (symbol: km) is a unit of length equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words khilia = thousand and metro = count/measure). ... Thiruvananthapuram (Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം), formerly known as Trivandrum, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of Thiruvananthapuram District. ... For the town with the same name, see Kollam. ... Districts of Kerala, south India. ... Thiruvananthapuram District is the southernmost district of the Indian state of Kerala. ... For the district with the same name, see Pathanamthitta district Pathanamthitta is a city and a municipality in Pathanamthitta district in the Indian state of Kerala. ... Church Paddy fields For the district with the same name, see Alappuzha District. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Map of the Arabian Sea. ... Binomial name Anacardium occidentale L. The Cashew (Anacardium occidentale; syn. ... Coir (Etymological origin: from Tamil and Malayalam - kayar - cord) is a coarse fibre extracted from the fibrous outer shell of a coconut. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: േകരളം; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ...

Kollam was formerly called "Desinganadu". During the rule of the Travancore kingdom in southern Kerala, Kollam was the focal point of trade. The start of the Malayalam era(ME) is associated with Kollam.^[1][2] It is believed that the era was started by Nestorian Christian merchants who settled in KorukeNi kollam, near to the present Kollam.^[3] The ME is also referred as Kollavarsham. Flag for former princely state of Travancore Travancore or Thiruvithaamkoor (Malayalam: തിരുവിതാങ്കൂര്‍ [], തിരുവിതാംകൂര്‍ [], തിരുവിതാങ്കോട് []) was a princely state in India with its capital at Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram). ... “Kingdom” redirects here. ... In the state of Kerala in South India the calander followed is according to the Malayalam era. ... The term Nestorianism is eponymous, even though the person who lent his name to it always denied the associated belief. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The Malayalam Solar Calender. ...

History

Kollam is an old sea port town. Kollam had a sustained commercial reputation from the days of the Phoenicians and the Romans.^{[citation needed]} The rulers of Kollam (Desinganadu) and China, exchanged embassies.^{[citation needed]} Chinnakada,the city center, was so named after the Chinese merchants (China-kada).^{[citation needed]} The increase in commercial activity resulted in establishment of flourishing Chinese settlement at Kollam. Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal plain of what is now Lebanon and Syria. ... Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ...

Cosmos Indicopleustes, who visited Malabar Coast in 522 A.D. mentions about Syrian Christians in Kollam. He wrote, "In the island of Tabropane (Ceylon), there is a church of Christians, and clerks and faithful. Likewise at Male where the pepper grows; and in the town of Kalliana there is also a bishop concentrated in Persia" (Reference: Travancore Manual) The Nestorian Patriarch Jesujabus who died in 660 A.D. makes special mention of Quilon in his letter to Simon, Metropolitan of Persia. In 822 A.D., two Nestorian Persian Bishops, Mar Sapor and Mar Peroz settled in Quilon, with a large following. Two years later, in 824 A.D. the Malayalam Era named after Quilon, began. Malayalam Era is called 'Kolla Varsham' after Kollam, because of the importance of Kollam in the 9th century A.D. It signified the independence of Malabar from the Cheraman Perumals. (Reference: Travancore Manual page 244). For the services of the Syrian Christian merchants, King Stanu Ravi Gupta of Kollam, granted the copper plate grants in 824 A.D. to Mar Sapor Iso, transferring to the Tarasa Church and community in Quilon, lands near the city with hereditament of low caste slaves. (Reference: Travancore Manual page 244). Malabar Coast, Kerala Bekal Fort Beach, Kerala The Malabar Coast also known as the Malabarian Coast, is a long and narrow south-western shore line of the mainland Indian subcontinent. ...

Merchant Soleyman of Siraf in Persia visited Malabar in the middle of the 9th century and found Quilon to be the only port in India touched by the huge Chinese ships on their way from Canton to the Persian Gulf.

Marco Polo, the great Venetian traveller, who was in Chinese service under Kublai Khan visited Kollam in 1293 A.D. on his return trip from China to Venice. He found Christians and Jews living in Coilum (Kollam). He also found merchants from China and Arabia. He has given a detailed account of Kollam in his writings, that are reproduced in the Travancore Manual. Marco Polo (September 15, 1254 – January 8, 1324) was a Venetian trader and explorer who gained fame for his worldwide travels, recorded in the book Il Milione (The Million or The Travels of Marco Polo). ... Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venezsia) is the capital of region Veneto, and has a population of 271,663 (census estimate January 1, 2004). ... Kublai Khan, Khubilai Khan or the last of the Great Khans (September 23, 1215[8] - February 18, 1294[9]) (Mongolian: Хубилай хаан, Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ), was a Mongol military leader. ...

According to Ibn Batuta, Kollam was one of the five ports, which he had seen in the course of his travels, in the 14th century. Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta (February 24, 1304 - 1377) was a Moroccan Berber traveller and explorer. ...

The Portuguese were the first Europeans to establish a trading center at Kollam in 1502. Then came the Dutch followed by the British in 1795. The remnants of the Dutch forts can be found at Thangasseri. Velu Thampi Dalawa of Travancore, worked towards the improvement of the Kollam town. He helped build new markets and invited merchants and traders from Madras (now Chennai) and Tirunelveli to set up trade in Kollam. Kollam, to this day has a thriving business in cashewnuts, coir and spices. 1502 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Chempaka Raman Velayudhan Thampi , or Velu Thampi(1765 -1809) was the Dalawa of Travancore(1801-1809) during the reign of Balarama Varma who ruled from 1798 to 1810. ... Madras refers to: the Indian city of Chennai, formerly known as Madras, the former Indian state, now known as Tamil Nadu (Plural of Madra): Ancient people of Iranian affinites, who lived in northwest Panjab in the Uttarapatha division of ancient India. ... , “Madras” redirects here. ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ...

The history of the district as an administrative unit can be traced back to 1835, when the Travancore state consisted of two revenue divisions with headquarters at Kollam and Kottayam. At the time of the integrating of Travancore and Cochin districts in 1949, Kollam was one of the three revenue divisions in the state. Later these three revenue divisions were converted into districts. But Shencottah taluka was merged with Madras state consequent to the implementation of the States Reorganisation Act of 1956. | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Flag for former princely state of Travancore Travancore or Thiruvithaamkoor (Malayalam: തിരുവിതാങ്കൂര്‍ [], തിരുവിതാംകൂര്‍ [], തിരുവിതാങ്കോട് []) was a princely state in India with its capital at Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram). ... For the district with the same name, see Kottayam District. ... Cochin may refer to: Cochin China Kingdom of Kochi, a former princely state of India, merged with Travancore to form the State of Kerala Cochin city, the former name of the city of Kochi, in Kerala Hôpital Cochin, a famous hospital in Paris, France Cochin font, from the Adobe... 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... A taluka is an administrative division in India below a district; called tahsil/tehsil in northern India. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Now the district has a single revenue division with its headquarters at Kollam Taluk Cutcherry.

Geography

The geographical coordinates for Kollam are 9.28'45° N 76.28'0° E. The district covers an area of 2,492 km² and ranks seventh in the State with respect to area. The district is bound on the north by Alappuzha district, north east by the Pathanamthitta district, east by Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, south by [Thiruvananthapuram district]] and on the west by the Arabian Sea. Alappuzha district and town in Kerala For the town with the same name, see Alappuzha. ... , Pathanamthitta is one of the fourteen districts of Kerala state in South India. ... Tirunelveli District is a district of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Map of the Arabian Sea. ...

Kallada and Ithikkara are the two rivers that flow through this district. Shasthamkotta lake, is the only major fresh water lake in the State. Two other major lakes are the Ashtamudi Lake and the Paravur Kayal. Edava and Nadayara lakes lie partly in this district. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Ithikkara River is a 56 km long river in Kerala, India. ... Shasthamkotta lake is a fresh water lake in Kerala state, India. ... Map of Backwaters The Kerala Backwaters are a chain of brackish lagoons and lakes lying parallel to the Arabian Sea coast (known as the Malabar Coast) of Kerala state in southern India. ... Paravur Kayal is a lake in Paravur, Kerala, India. ...

The district has a tropical and humid climate, with an oppressive summer and plentiful seasonal rainfall. The summer season, from March to May, is followed by the south west monsoon from June to September. The north east monsoon lasts from October to November.^{[citation needed]} Monsoon in the Vindhya mountain range, central India A monsoon is a heavy rainy season which lasts for several months and has lasting climatic effects. ...

Demographics

As of 2001 India census,^GRIndia Kollam had a population of 361,441. The density of population being 1037 persons per square kilometre. The sex ratio (the number of females per 1000 males) was 1070 during the census year of 2001. The district ranks sixth with respect to the population in the state. Males constitute 49% of the population and females 51%. Kollam has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 80%. In Kollam, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and also: The International Year of the Volunteer The United Nations Year of Dialogue Among Civilizations Events January January 1 - A black monolith measuring approximately nine feet tall appears in Seattles Magnuson Park, placed by an anonymous... 1870 US Census for New York City A census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). ...

Transport

The district is covered by 132 km of railway tracks, of which 51 km are broad gauge and 81 km metre gauge. There are almost 22 railway stations of which 9 are on broad gauge line and 13, on the metre gauge line. Kollam is an important railway junction. The Thiruvananthapuram - Ernakulam (via Kottayam and Alappuzha) line passes through Kollam. Kollam is the terminal junction for Chenkotta - Kollam metre gauge line. Electrification of the Broad Gauge railway lines towards Thiruvananthapuram from Kayamkulam is complete. Great Western Railway broad gauge steam locomotives awaiting scrapping in 1892 after the conversion to standard gauge. ... Narrow-gauge railways are railroads (railways) with track spaced at less than the standard gauge of 4 ft 8½ in (1. ... The skyline of Ernakaulam Ernakulam (Malayalam : എറണാകുളം ) refers to the western part of the mainland of Kochi city in Kerala, India. ... For the district with the same name, see Kottayam District. ...

A view of the Kollam backwaters from the railway line

The district is well connected to other parts of Kerala and India through the National Highways 47, 220 and 208 and by the railway network. Kollam has a total 1552.096 km of roads. The National Highway 47 covers a distance of 57.4 km in the district. The National Highways NH 208 (Kollam - Chenkotta) and NH 220 (Kollam - Theni) originates from Kollam. The State Highway namely, Main Central Road (MC Road) and Punalur-Pala-Muvattupuzha (Main Eastern Highway) connects the district to other districts. Transport is provided by State owned Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) and private transport bus operators. Road transport is also supported by private taxis and autorickshaws also called autos. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 219 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kollam Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 219 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kollam Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used... The Network of National Highways in India National Highways in India is the class of roads maintained by the Central Government and is the main long-distance roadways. ... Punalur is a town in the Indian state of Kerala. ... This article is about a village in Estonia. ... Muvattupuzha (Malayalam:മൂവാറ്റുപുഴ ) is a city and a municipality in Ernakulam district in the Indian state of Kerala. ... Passengers and drivers meet at this auto rickshaw stand in Chennai. ...

The State water Transport Department operates boat services to West Kallada, Munroe Island and Alappuzha. The Alappuzha service attracts a lot of tourist attention. A full day onboard journey through the backwaters provides an opportunity to experience the natural way of life of the people around. Kerala State Water Transport Department is a governmental agency that regulates the inland navigation systems in the Indian state of Kerala. ... A boat is a watercraft designed to float on, and provide transport over, water. ... A tourist boat travels the River Seine in Paris, France Tourism can be defined as the act of travel for the purpose of recreation, and the provision of services for this act. ... In Indian English (English usage as per those speaking it in India), a backwater is a body of saltwater (connected to the sea) which has a lake-like absence of surf and tides. ...

Luxury boats, operated by Government and private owners, operate from the main boat jetty during the tourist season. The West coast canal system, which starts from Thiruvananthapuram in the south and ends at Hosdurg in the north, passes through Kollam and Karunagappally taluks. The Thiruvananthapuram-Shornur canal, forms a part of the Thiruvananthapuram-Hosdurg system, runs a distance of about 62 km. The other canal systems include the Paravur Kayal, Kollam canal and Chavara canal. , Thiruvananthapuram   (Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം TiruvanÅ­ntapuraṁ), formerly known as Trivandrum, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of the Thiruvananthapuram District. ... Karunagappally is a town in Kollam district, Kerala, India and is situated 27 km north of Kollam. ... Shoranur a municipal town in Palakkad district, Kerala, South India, situated on the banks of Bharathapuzha. ... The Canal du Midi, Toulouse, France Canals are man-made channels for water. ... Paravur Kayal is a lake in Paravur, Kerala, India. ... Chavara is approximately 14 kms north of Kollam on the Kollam-Alappuzha highway in India. ...

Neendakara and Kollam are the two ports in the district, the former, an intermediary and the latter, a minor port. Port operations are carried out through Neendakara. Neendakara is also a busy fishing harbour. Categories: Stub | Commercial item transport and distribution | Transportation ... A harbor (or harbour) or haven is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored. ...

Industries

Kollam like other districts in the state is moderately industralised. Some of the major employers in the public sector are Indian Rare Earth (IRE), Kerala Metals and Minerals Limited at Chavara; Union Electrical Industries (popularly known as the Meter Company) and Parvathi Spinning Mills at Kollam. Kundara was known as an Industrial area with Alumnium, Ceramics, Starch factories, but all are closed or on the verge of closing.

Cashew processing and coir production are the two most important sources of employment. Major share of employment in the private sector is provided by Cashew processing and exporting units. Cashew processing and sorting employs a large share of women workers who manually peel and sort the cashew into different categories according to their size. Binomial name Anacardium occidentale L. The Cashew (Anacardium occidentale; syn. ...

Another important source of employment is Tile manufacturing using clay. Mission, or barrel, roof tiles A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, porcelain, metal or even glass. ... The Gay Head cliffs in Marthas Vineyard are made almost entirely of clay. ...

Education

Kollam has its fair share of privately owned and state owned educational institutions. Institutions of education are affiliated to either the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), the Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE), or the Kerala State Education Board. The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) examination is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations for class 10, i. ... The Central Board of Secondary Education is a board of school education in India. ...

Most private schools use English as the medium of instruction whereas government run schools offer both English and Malayalam as a medium of instruction. After the going through the 10+2 years of schooling the student can enroll in higher education institutions like colleges to pursue general or professional degree courses. Malayalam (മലയാളം ) is the language spoken predominantly in the state of Kerala, in southern India. ...

The major colleges in Kollam are Fatima Matha National College, Sree Narayana College and Thangal Kunju Musaliar College. Some of the colleges in and around Kollam are Fatima Matha National College, Sree Narayana College, Sree Narayana College for Women, Younus College Of Engineering And Technology (YCET) and Thangal Kunju Musaliar College of Engineering (TKMCE), TKM Institute of Technology and Management, St.Gregorious College etc. Amrita ñáhas a campus at Amritapuri, Karunagappally. Most of the colleges offering Higher education are affliated to Kerala University. The University of Kerala is an affiliating university located in Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala state, India. ...

Sree Narayana Public School, Sree Narayana Trust Central School, St. Jude Higher Secondary School Mukhathala, Kristhu Raj Higher Secondary School, Infant Jesus Anglo Indian High school, Mount Carmel Convent Anglo-Indian School, St Aloysius Higher Secondary School TKM Public school and Trinity Lyceum are some of the English medium schools located in and around Kollam town. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Places of worship

Kottarakara Sree Mahaganapathy Kshethram(Temple), situated at Kottarakara is about 30 km from Kollam town. The famous temple at Kottarakara is dedicated to Lord Vigneswara(Ganapathy), Oachira Parabrahma Temple,Chittumala Durgadevi Temple,Rameswaram Mahadeva Temple, Puthenkulangara Devi Kshethram at Keralapuram, Kadavoor Mahadeva Temple, Sasthamkotta Ayyappa Temple,Sakthikulangara Sree Dharmasastha Temple, Ayyappa Temple Kadappakkada, Ashramom Sree Krishna Swamy Temple,Vadayattukotta Unichakkam Veedu Sree Krishna Swamy Temple,Mukhathala Murari Temple,Thirumullavaram Mahavishnu Temple, Anandavaleeswaram Temple, Mulamkadakam Devi Temple,Vishnathu Kavu Devi Temple, Thalavoor Sri Durga Devi Temple, Pattazhy Devi Temple, Kundara Elampalloor Devi Temple, Pazhangalam Sree Dharma Sastha Temple, Kollorvila Devi Temple, Paravoor Puttingal Devi Temple , Kattayil Palakkottu Bhagavathy Temple, Kattayil Kavil Bhagavathi Temple, Kollam Ammachi Veedu Muhoorthy Kavu, Kottarakulam Sree Mahaganapathy temple, Kollam, Kollam Valiayakavu Devi, Koonambaikulam Devi Temple, Ummannoor Anchu Moorthy Temple etc are among the important Hindu temples in Kollam. Temple of Hephaestus, an Doric Greek temple in Athens with the original entrance facing east, 449 BC (western face depicted) For other uses, see Temple (disambiguation). ... Kottarakara [1] is a town located in the district of Kollam, formerly known as Quilon, in the Kerala state of India. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Gateway to Ashramam Sree Krishnaswamy Temple at Kollam

The Mata Amritanandamayi Math is situated at Amritapuri in this district, about 30 km from the Kollam town. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (980x735, 134 KB)photohgraphed by Pratheepps File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (980x735, 134 KB)photohgraphed by Pratheepps File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... . ... Amritapuri is the main Ashram of Mata Amritanandamayi. ...

Some of the important churches are St. Casimir's Church, Kadavur; Shrine of Our Lady of Velankanni, Tuyyam; Trinity Lyceum, Infant Jesus Shrine, Vadi; St. Joseph Shrine, Perinad; St. Francis Church, Koduvila (Kallada); Amalotbhava Matha Church, Pullichira (Kottiyam), St. John Britto Church, Sakthikulangara; St. Sebastians Church, Neendakara; St. Thomas C.S.I. Church, Pattathanam; St. Thomas Orthodox Cathedral, Sastri Junction , St. Antony's Church at Tillery and St. Thomas Marthoma Church,Thevally.(http://wikimapia.org/288891/)

Some of the famous mosques are Valiyapalli at Jonakappuram, Juma-Ath-Palli at Kolluvila, Juma-Ath-Masjid at Thattamala, Muslim Juma-Ath-Palli at Karuva, Kalamala Palli at Kalamala, Muthirapparambu Palli at Muthirapparambu and Siyavathummodu Palli at Kilikolloor. A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ...

Kadakkal in Kollam is known for Kadakkal Devi Kshetram, kadakkaldevi temple comes alive during Thiruvathira festival held in March, and is one of the prime festivals of the region. The temple festivities attract large crowds from various parts of the state. Kadakkal amma or goddess is considered as a very powerful deity. Amma has several meanings: Amma means mother in all Dravidian languages Amma means mother in some Sino-Tibetan languages Fonio for Amma, the supreme creator according to the Dogon people of Mali Ríg for Amma the ancestress of the thralls or serfs in Norse mythology Mata Amritanandamayi, who is... Statue of Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture For the 1934 film, see, see The Goddess (1934 film). ...

The Mahavishnu Temple, believed to have been consecrated by Parasurama, the legendary creator of Kerala. One will be amazed to see two idols perching in the same sanctum - a bizarre feature not usually found in Indian Temples - an idol of Vishnu facing east and Shiva facing west. Mahavishnu is the aspect of Vishnu, the Absolute which is beyond human comprehension and is beyond all attributes. ... In Hinduism, Parashurama (axe-wielding Rama) is the sixth avatar of Vishnu, and a son of Jamadagni. ... This article is about the deity Shiva. ...

The Apostle Thomas is said to have founded one of his "seven and a half churches" in Kollam. From these seven and a half churches, including the one in Kollam, have multiplied thousands of churches, hospitals, orphanages and other Christian charities that cover India today. Thomas was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus. ...

Panmana Asramam has been acknowledged to be a unique and sacred centre of learning and service which has had the divine presence of Sree Vidhyadhiraja Chattambi swami and goddess sree maha tripurasundari devi. Panmana ashram is located 18 Kms. north of Kollam city.

Hospitals

The famous hospitals in Kollam are District Hospital, Sanker's Institute of Medical Sciences, Dr. Nair's Hospital, Upasana Hospital, Benziger Hospital, Kundara LMS Hospital, Kottiyam Holy Cross Hospital, Amrita Ayurveda Medical College, Oachira Parabrahma Hospital, Kottarakkara KNS Hospital, Kollam ESI Hospital, Cherumoodu Amrita Ayurveda Hospital etc.

Places of Interest

Most of the sights in Kollam are situated within a radius of 8-10 km from the city centre. Places close to city centre include the calm and scenic Thirummulavaram and Tangasseri beaches. Another picturesque beach worth visit is the semilunar Kochupilamood Beach (Kollam beach). The light house at Tangaseeri Kollam stands 144 ft (44 m) tall. The Tangasseri Light House was built in 1902. Thirumullavaram, approximately 6 km away from the city centre is popular for its calm and serene beach. 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Boating facilities on Ashtamudi Lake are available at the Local boat jetty beside the main Bus depot popularly known as Civil station. House boats can be hired from the boat jetty or arranged through the tourist guides or by the local hotels. It has been suggested that Houseboating be merged into this article or section. ...

Kollam

The Kayal (Lake) Pradakshina Cruise operated by local boat owner is available till the Munroe Island, formed by the backwaters of Ashtamudi and Kallada River. The backwater trip from Kollam to Alappuzha is the longest cruise in the state and takes around 8 hours. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 287 KB) Summary Kollam Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kollam Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 287 KB) Summary Kollam Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kollam Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... Church Paddy fields For the district with the same name, see Alappuzha District. ...

Tourist spots such as Thenmala, Residency Palace Ashramom, Adventure Park, Jetayu para, and Palaruvi water falls are popular attractions. Thenmala is a beautiful tourist place near Punalur city, Kollam district in Kerala. ... Palaruvi is a tourist spot in Kollam district in the Indian state of Kerala. ...

A place in Kollam district that every tourist has to visit is the maruthimala. Maruthimala is situated in Kottarakara Taluk of Kollam district.

Places to visit

Kollam is widely known as the Cashew Paradise in Kerala, and affords a wide cultivation and processing techniques. Binomial name Anacardium occidentale L. The Cashew (Anacardium occidentale; syn. ... Tillage (American English), or cultivation (UK) is the agricultural preparation of the soil to receive seeds. ... Typically, processing describes the act of taking something through an established and usually routine set of procedures to convert it from one form to another, as a manufacturing procedure (processing milk into cheese) or administrative procedure (processing paperwork to grant a mortgage loan). ...

The square-shaped clock tower, is visible from all parts of the Chinnakada market(city center). Tourists can visit the Thevally Palace, currently used by the Indian Army and the Dutch fort at Thangassery. Though most of it has been repainted, still the ambrosial palace displays a magnificent view from the lake. The clock tower of Einsiedeln Abbey A clock tower is a tower built with one or more (often four) easily-seen clock faces. ... The Indian Army is the largest branch of the Armed Forces of India and has the primary responsibility of conducting land-based military operations. ...

The Ashtamudi lake with its scenic beauty, houseboats and ayurvedic centers also has plenty to offer. There are many breathtaking viewpoints to savor, including Padappakkara, Munroe Islands, Vellimon, Paravoor, Ashtamudi, Thevally etc. Kollam is also close to the 'Tenmala' tea estates and spice county.

Approximately 7 km from Kollam on NH 47 towards Alappuzha is Neendakara. Once a fishing harbour under the Indo-Norwegian project, today it is more famous as a viewing point for 'Chaakara', a post monsoon phenomenon that occurs just off the coast. Ezhukone is a small village located 19Kms north of Kollam District. Ezhukone has a concentration of more than 15 cashew nut processing factories, which is a major source of foreign income.

Ezhukone is well connected with road and rail transport facilites.NH 208, connecting Kollam District and Thirumangalam district of Tamilnadu passes through Ezhukone. Ezhukone has a Metre gauge railway station. Passenger and Express trains from Kollam to various Tamilnadu districts have stop at Ezhukone.

Kollam is situated on NH 47 that links Salem to Kanyakumari, via Palakkad, Thrissur, Ernakulam and Alappuzha. Salem   (Tamil: சேலம்) is a city and a municipal corporation in Salem district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Kanyakumari   is a town in Kanyakumari district in Tamil Nadu state, India. ... For the district with the same name, see Palakkad District. ... For the district with the same name, see Thrissur district. ... The skyline of Ernakaulam Ernakulam (Malayalam : എറണാകുളം ) refers to the western part of the mainland of Kochi city in Kerala, India. ...

The nearest airport is at Thiruvananthapuram, 71 km from Kollam city center.

References

External links

• Kollam District official website
• The enhanced version of the Kollam Official website
• Quilon.com
• Tourist Places In Kollam
• Aerial View
• Website of Valiyakoonambaikulam Devi Temple

v • d • e

Portuguese Empire

North Africa 

15th century 1415–1640  Ceuta 1420           Madeira 1458–1550  Alcácer Ceguer (El Qsar es Seghir) 1471–1550  Arzila (Asilah) 1471–1662  Tangier 1485–1550  Mazagan (El Jadida) 1488–1541  Safim (Safi) Image File history File links PortugueseFlag1385. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Portugal. ... Maximum extent of Portuguese colonial possessions in the 16th century. ...  Northern Africa (UN subregion)  geographic North Africa, including the UN subregion North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, generally divided politically from Sub-Saharan Africa. ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... Area  â€“ Total   28 km² Population  â€“ Total (2005)  â€“ Density  75,276  2688. ... Location Motto of the autonomous region: Das ilhas, as mais belas e livres (Portuguese: Of the islands, the most beautiful and free) Official language Portuguese Capital Funchal Other towns Porto Santo, Machico, Santa Cruz, Câmara de Lobos, Santana, Ribeira Brava, Caniço Area 797 km² Population  - Total (1991)  - Density... Alcácer Ceguer (also know as El Qsar es Seghir) was a moroccan stronghold in the Strait of Gibraltrar, between Tanger and Ceuta. ... Asilah or Arzila is a city situated on the northwest tip of Morocco with a history back to 1500 B.C. The Phoenicians used the city as a trading site. ... A view of Tangier bay at sunrise as seen from Cape Malabata Tangier - Avenue Mohammed VI Tangier (Tanja طنجة in Berber and Arabic, Tánger in Spanish, Tânger in Portuguese, and Tanger in French) is a city of northern Morocco with a population of 669,680 (2004 census). ... El Jadida (الجديدة) is a port city on the Atlantic coast of Morocco, in the province of El Jadida. ... Asfi (french Safi) is a city located in western Morocco, by the Atlantic Ocean. ...

16th century 1505–1769  Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué (Agadir) 1506–1525  Mogador (Essaouira) 1506–1525  Aguz (Souira Guedima) 1506–1769  Mazagan (El Jadida) 1513–1541  Azamor (Azemmour) 1577–1589  Arzila (Asilah) (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Panorama of the seaside from the Kasbah Agadir (Arabic: أكادير, Berber (Amazigh): ) is a city in southwest Morocco, capital of the Souss-Massa-Dra region. ... Location of Essaouira Essaouira (Arabic: ‎, eá¹£-á¹£auÄ«rah; formerly known as Mogador, its old Portuguese name) is a city and tourist resort in Morocco, on the Atlantic coast. ... Souira Guedima, formerly known as Aguz, is a Moroccan town. ... El Jadida (الجديدة) is a port city on the Atlantic coast of Morocco, in the province of El Jadida. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Asilah or Arzila is a city situated on the northwest tip of Morocco with a history back to 1500 B.C. The Phoenicians used the city as a trading site. ...

Sub-Saharan Africa 

15th century 1455–1633  Arguin 1470–1975  São Tomé1 1474–1778  Annobón 1478–1778  Fernando Póo (Bioko) 1482–1637  Elmina (São Jorge da Mina) 1482–1642  Portuguese Gold Coast 1496–1550  Madagascar (part) 1498–1540  Mascarene Islands A political map showing national divisions in relation to deonte Shepard Club Of America Free burgers for new members the ecological break (Sub-Saharan Africa in green) A geographical map of Africa, showing the ecological break that defines the sub-Saharan area Sub-Saharan Africa is the term used to... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... Arguin is an island off the west coast of Mauritania in the Bay of Arguin, at 20° 36 N., 16° 27 W. It is 6 km long by 2 broad. ... São Tomé (population 53,300 in 2003) is the capital city of São Tomé and Príncipe and is by far the nations largest town. ... Image:Annobon island. ... Bioko (spelled also Bioco) is an island off the west coast of Africa in the Gulf of Guinea, formerly called Fernando Pó or Fernando Póo. ... Elmina is a town on the Atlantic Ocean coast of Ghana, lying west of Cape Coast. ... Flag of Gold Coast Map from 1896 of the British Gold Coast Colony. ... Motto: Tanindrazana, Fahafahana, Fandrosoana(Malagasy) Ancestral-land, Liberty, Progress Anthem: Ry Tanindraza nay malala ô Oh, Our Beloved Ancestral-land Capital (and largest city) Antananarivo Official languages Malagasy, French[1] Government Republic  -  President Marc Ravalomanana  -  Prime Minister Charles Rabemananjara Independence from France   -  Date 26 June 1960  Area  -  Total 587,041 km... Mauritius (right) and Réunion (left) The Mascarene Islands (or Mascarenhas Archipelago) is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar, which includes Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues, and Cargados Carajos shoals. ...	16th century 1500–1630  Malindi 1500–1975  Príncipe1 1501–1975  Portuguese E. Africa (Mozambique) 1502–1659  St. Helena 1503–1698  Zanzibar 1505–1512  Quíloa (Kilwa) 1506–1511  Socotra 1557–1578  Accra 1575–1975  Portuguese W. Africa (Angola) 1588–1974  Cacheu2 1593–1698  Mombassa (Mombasa) (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Malindi is a city in Kenya that has been a Swahili settlement since the 14th century. ... Príncipe is the smaller of the two major islands of São Tomé and Príncipe. ... Mozambique is a country in Southern Africa, bordering South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is situated off mainland Tanzania Coordinates: Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2004)  - Both Islands 1... Kilwa Kisiwani is an Islamic community on an island off the coast of East Africa, in present day Tanzania. ... Map of the Socotra archipelago Socotra or Soqotra (Arabic سقطرى ; Suquá¹­ra) is a small archipelago of four islands and islets in the Indian Ocean off the coast Somalia some 350 km south of the Arabian peninsula. ... Accra, population 1,970,400 (2005), is the capital of Ghana. ... Motto Virtus Unita Fortior(Latin) Unity Provides Strength Anthem Angola Avante!(Portuguese) Forward Angola! Capital (and largest city) Luanda Official languages Portuguese1 Demonym Angolan Government Nominally multi-party (Free elections never held)  -  President José E. dos Santos  -  Prime Minister Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos Independence from Portugal   -  Date November... Cacheu is a town in north western Guinea-Bissau, lying on the Cacheu River. ... bumbasa is the second largest city in Kenya, lying on the Indian Ocean. ...	17th century 1642–1975  Cape Verde 1645–1888  Ziguinchor 1680–1961  São João Baptista de Ajudá 1687–1974  Bissau2 18th century 1728–1729  Mombassa (Mombasa) 1753–1975  São Tomé and Príncipe 19th century 1879–1974  Portuguese Guinea 1885–1975  Portuguese Congo (Cabinda) (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Ziguinchor (from Portuguese Cheguei e choram, I came and they Cry) is the capital of the Casamance region of Senegal, lying on the Casamance River. ... Ouidah is a city on the Atlantic coast of Benin. ... Bissau, estimated population 355,000 (2004), is the capital of Guinea-Bissau. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... bumbasa is the second largest city in Kenya, lying on the Indian Ocean. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Portuguese Guinea was the name for what is today Guinea-Bissau from 1446 to September 10, 1974. ... Cabinda is a territory, ocupied by Angola. ...
1 Part of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1753.   2 Part of Portuguese Guinea from 1879.

Southwest Asia 

16th century 1506–1615  Gamru (Bandar Abbas) 1515–1622  Hormuz (Ormus) 1515–1650  Muscat 1521–1602  Bahrain Portuguese Guinea was the name for what is today Guinea-Bissau from 1446 to September 10, 1974. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Categories: Iran geography stubs | Cities in Iran | Coastal cities ... The speedy deletion of this page is contested. ... Classification City Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said Area 3,500 km² [1] Population  - Total (2005)  - Density  - Oman calculated rank 646,024 [2] 184. ...

Indian subcontinent 

15th century 1498–1545  Laccadive Islands (Lakshadweep) Map of South Asia (see note) This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia. ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

16th century Portuguese India    1500–1663  Cochim (Kochi)    1502–1661  Quilon (Coulão/Kollam)    1502–1663  Cannanore (Kannur)    1507–1657  Negapatam (Nagapattinam)    1510–1962  Goa    1512–1525  Calicut (Kozhikode)    1518–1619  Paliacate (Pulicat)    1521–1740  Chaul    1523–1662  São Tomé de Meliapore    1528–1666  Chittagong    1534–1601  Salsette Island    1534–1661  Bombay (Mumbai)    1535–1739  Baçaím (Vasai-Virar)    1536–1662  Cranganore (Kodungallur)    1540–1612  Surat    1548–1658  Tuticorin (Thoothukudi)    1559–1962  Daman and Diu    1568–1659  Mangalore    1579–1632  Hughli    1598–1610  Masulipatnam (Machilipatnam) 1518–1521  Maldives 1518–1658  Ceilão (Ceylon/Sri Lanka) 1558–1573  Maldives (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Portuguese India (Portuguese: or Estado da Índia) was the aggregate of Portugals colonial holdings in India. ... Kochi ( ; Malayalam: []); formerly known as Cochin) is a city in the Indian state of Kerala. ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... Nagapattinam (formerly known as Negapatam and also as Shiva Rajadhani) is a small city with a population of about 100,000, located in coastal Tamil Nadu, India. ... , Goa   (Konkani: गोंय goṃya; Marathi: govā; Portuguese: ) is Indias smallest state in terms of area and the fourth smallest in terms of population (after Sikkim, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh). ... , For the district with the same name, see Kozhikode District. ... Pulicat is a town which lies in the nellore District, in the state of andhra Pradesh, India. ... Chaul is a former city of Portuguese India, now in ruins. ... Saint Thomas of Mylapore, or in Portuguese São Tomé de Meliapore, in Latin Sancti Thomae de Meliapor), was a suffragan to the primatial See of Goa in the East Indies. ... Chittagong (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম, Chôţţogram) is the major seaport and second largest city of Bangladesh. ... The island as seen from the sky Salsette (साष्टी) (Portuguese: Salsete, Marathi: Sashti (साष्टी)) is an island in Maharashtra state on Indias west coast. ... , “Bombay” redirects here. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Kodungallur (anglicised name: Cranganore ) is a city and a municipality in Thrissur district in the Indian state of Kerala. ... , For other uses, see Surat (disambiguation). ... Thoothukudi (தூத்துக்குடி in Tamil) also known as Tuticorin, is a city and a municipality in Thoothukudi district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Daman and Diu (Portuguese: Gujarati is the main language; use of Portuguese is declining because it is not official or taught at school (but still spoken by 10% in Daman). ... , Mangalore(Kannada:ಮಂಗಳೂರು, Mangaluru; Tulu:ಕುಡ್ಲ, Kudla; Konkani:ಕೊಡಿಯಾಲ್, Kodial; Beary:ಮೈಕಲ, Maikala)   is the chief port city of the state of Karnataka, India. ... Hugli-Chinsura (also commonly known as Hooghly-Chinsura) is a town in West Bengal, India. ... Machilipatnam (Telugu:మచిలిపట్నం)  , also known as Masulipatnam or Bandar or Masula (for short among Finnish mission workers[2]), is a city and a special grade municipality in Krishna district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. ... ...

17th century Portuguese India    1687–1749  São Tomé de Meliapore 18th century Portuguese India    1779–1954  Dadra and Nagar Haveli (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Portuguese India (Portuguese: or Estado da Índia) was the aggregate of Portugals colonial holdings in India. ... Saint Thomas of Mylapore, or in Portuguese São Tomé de Meliapore, in Latin Sancti Thomae de Meliapor), was a suffragan to the primatial See of Goa in the East Indies. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Portuguese India (Portuguese: or Estado da Índia) was the aggregate of Portugals colonial holdings in India. ... Dadra and Nagar Haveli (Gujarati: દાદરા અને નગર હવેલી, Hindi: दादरा और नगर हवेली, Urdu: دادرہ اور نگر حویلی, Portuguese: Dadrá e Nagar-Aveli) is a Union Territory in western India. ...

East Asia and Oceania 

	16th century 1511–1641  Malacca (Melaka) 1512–1621  Banda Islands 1512–1621  Moluccas (Maluku Islands)    1522–1575  Ternate    1576–1605  Ambon    1578–1650  Tidore 1512–1665  Makassar 1553–1999  Macau 1571–1639  Decima (Dejima, Nagasaki) East Asia is a subregion of Asia that can be defined in either geographical or cultural terms. ... World map exhibiting a common interpretation of Oceania; other interpretations may vary. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... State motto: Bersatu Teguh (Malay, United We Stand) Capital Malacca Town Governor Tun Datuk Seri Utama Mohd Khalil Yaakob Chief Minister Datuk Seri Haji Mohd Ali Mohd Rustam Area 1,650 km² Population  - Estimated 648,500 State anthem Melaka Maju Jaya This article is about a state in Malaysia. ... The Banda Islands (Indonesian: Kepulauan Banda) are a group of ten small volcanic islands in the Banda Sea, about 140km south of Seram island and about 2000km east of Java, and are part of the Indonesian province of Maluku. ... The Maluku Islands (also known as the Moluccas, Moluccan Islands or simply Maluku) are an archipelago in Indonesia, and part of the larger Malay Archipelago. ... A 1720 depiction of Ternate. ... Ceram and Ambon Islands (Operational Navigation Chart, 1967) Not for navigational use Ambon City in 2001, showing heavy damage from fighting Ambon Island is part of the Maluku Islands of Indonesia. ... Tidore is an island and town in the Maluku Islands of eastern Indonesia, just west of the larger island of Halmahera. ... Makassar, (Macassar, Mangkasar) is the provincial capital of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. ... Dejima, also Deshima (出島, literally protruding island) in modern Japanese, Desjima in Dutch, often latinised as Decima, was a fan-shaped artificial island in the bay of Nagasaki that was a Dutch trading post during Japans self-imposed isolation (sakoku) of the Edo period, from 1641 until 1853. ...	17th century 1642–1975  Portuguese Timor (East Timor)1 19th century Macau    1864–1999  Coloane    1851–1999  Taipa    1890–1999  Ilha Verde 20th century Macau    1938–1941  Lapa and Montanha (Hengqin) (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Portuguese Timor is the former name (1596 - 1975) of East Timor when it was under Portuguese control. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Coloane (Traditional Chinese: 路環島; Simplified Chinese: 路环岛; Pinyin: Lùhuán DÇŽo; Jyutping: Lou6-waan4 Dou2, literally Road Ring Island) is one of the two main islands of Macau in the Peoples Republic of China. ... Taipa (氹仔島; Cantonese Jyutping; Tam5 Zai2 Dou2; pinyin: DàngzÇŽi DÇŽo) is an island of Macau in the Peoples Republic of China. ... Ilha Verde (Portuguese literally meaning island green; Chinese: 青洲; Cantonese Yale: chÄ«ng jāu, Jyutping: cing1 zau1; Mandarin pinyin: QÄ«ngzhōu) was formerly an island to the west of the Macao Isthmus. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... Hengqin (横琴岛, 橫琴島; Pinyin: Héngqín DÇŽo) is an island in Zhuhai, a prefecture-level city in the Guangdong Province of Peoples Republic of China. ...
1 1975 is the date of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent invasion by Indonesia. In 2002, the independence of East Timor was recognized by Portugal and the rest of the world.

North America and the North Atlantic Ocean 

15th century 1432           Azores 1499–1526  Labrador World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... The Atlantic Ocean forms a component of the all-encompassing World Ocean and is directly linked to the Arctic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Southern Ocean. ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... Motto Antes morrer livres que em paz sujeitos Rather die free than in peace subjugated Anthem A Portuguesa (national) Hino dos Açores (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy... Labrador (also Coast of Labrador) is a region of Atlantic Canada. ...

16th century 1500–1526  Nova Scotia 1500–1526  Terra Nova (Newfoundland) (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... For other uses, see Newfoundland (disambiguation). ...

Central and South America 

16th century 1500–1822  Brazil 1536–1620  Barbados For other uses, see Central America (disambiguation). ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ...

17th century 1680–1777  Nova Colônia do Sacramento 19th century 1808–1822  Cisplatina (Uruguay) (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Colonia del Sacramento is a city in southwestern Uruguay, by the Río de la Plata, facing Buenos Aires, Argentina. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: Libertad o Muerte (English: Liberty or Death) Anthem: Orientales, la Patria o la tumba Capital Montevideo Largest city Montevideo Official language(s) Spanish Government President Democratic Republic Tabaré Vázquez Independence from Brazil - Declared August 25, 1825 - Recognised August 28, 1828 Area  - Total    - Water (%)   176,220 km² (90th) 68...

Portuguese colonization of the Americas