NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Kombi

The Volkswagen Type 2 was the second automotive line introduced by German automobile manufacturer Volkswagen. It was a van introduced in 1950, initially based on Volkswagen's first model, the Beetle, also known as the "Type 1". The Type 2 is generally considered to be the forerunner of modern cargo and passenger vans. The Type 2 spawned a number of imitators both in the United States and Europe including the Ford Econoline, Dodge B110 and the Chevrolet Corvan, the latter even adapting the Type 2's rear-engine configuration. Updated versions of this line are still being actively produced in international markets. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 560 KB) Beschreibung: VW Bus T1 Quelle: selbst fotografiert Fotograf: Sven Storbeck File links The following pages link to this file: VW Type 2 VW Bus ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 560 KB) Beschreibung: VW Bus T1 Quelle: selbst fotografiert Fotograf: Sven Storbeck File links The following pages link to this file: VW Type 2 VW Bus ... A small variety of cars, the most popular kind of automobile. ... Volkswagen, [literally: peoples car] (also known as VW) is an automobile manufacturer based in Wolfsburg, Germany. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Volkswagen Beetle or Bug is a small family car, the best known car of Volkswagen, of Germany, and almost certainly the world. ... World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is conventionally considered one of the seven continents which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiogeographic one. ... The Ford E-Series, also known as the Econoline, is a line of full-size vans and truck chassis from Ford Motor Company. ... The Dodge B110 is based on the Volkswagen Type 2 van. ... The Chevrolet Corvair was a rear-engined automobile produced by General Motors from 1960 to 1969. ...

Names and nicknames

From the beginning, the Type 2 has earned many nicknames from its fans, just like the Beetle has. Among the most popular, at least in Germany, are VW-Bus and Bulli (or Bully). The Type 2 was meant to be officially named the Bully, but Heinrich Lanz, producer of the Lanz Bulldog farm tractor, intervened. The model was then presented as the VW Transporter and VW Kleinbus, but the Bully nickname still caught on.

Interestingly, the official German-language model names Transporter and Kombi (Kombinationskraftwagen, "combined-use vehicle") have been incorporated into English and refer to delivery van and station wagon. Kombi, however, is not only the name of the passenger variant, but is also the Australian and Brazilian term for the whole Type 2 family in much the same way that they are all called VW-Bus in Germany, even the pickup truck variations. In Mexico, the German "Kombi" was 'translated' into "Combi", and became a household word given the vehicle's popularity in Mexico City's public transportation system. Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de MÃ©xico) is the name of a megacity located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle de MÃ©xico), a large valley in the high plateaus (altiplano) at the center of Mexico, about 2,240 metres (7,349 feet) above sea-level, surrounded on most sides...

The Australian band Men at Work made the use of the Kombi name somewhat popular in other parts of the world by using it in the first line of their 1981 hit record Down Under: "Travelling in a fried-out Kombi ..." Men At Work was an Australian reggae-influenced rock band of the early 1980s (see 1980s in music). ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Down Under is the title of a song written in 1982 by the Australian rock group Men at Work, from the album Business as Usual. ...

In America, however, it is a VW bus, a "vee-dub," a hippie mobile or hippie bus, and a "combie", Microbus or a transporter to afficianados. The earlier split window models stopped being produced in 1967 and are sought by collectors and drivers alike.

Variants

Apart from these factory variants, there were a multitude of third-party conversions available, some of which were offered through Volkswagen dealers. They included, but were not limited to; refrigerated vans, hearses, ambulances, police vans, fire engines and ladder trucks, and camping van conversions by companies other than Westfalia. Westfalia is the model name of a Volkswagen camper van. ... A buddhist style japanese hearse A hearse is a funeral vehicle, a conveyance for the coffin from e. ... An ambulance is a vehicle designated for the transport of sick or injured people. ... Engine 4 in Chico, California. ...

History

The idea for the Type 2 is credited to Dutch Volkswagen importer Ben Pon, who drew the first sketches of the van in 1947. The aerodynamics of the first prototypes were not good but heavy optimisation took place at the wind tunnel of the Technical University of Braunschweig. The wind tunnel work paid off, as the Type 2 was aerodynamically superior to the Beetle despite its slab-sided shape. Three years later, under the direction of Volkswagen's new CEO Heinz Nordhoff, the first production model left the factory at Wolfsburg. Ben Pon was a Formula One driver from the Netherlands. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Aerodynamics is a branch of fluid dynamics concerned with the study of gas flows, first analysed by George Cayley in the 1800s. ... Braunschweig (English Brunswick) is a city of 245,500 people (as of December 31, 2004), located in Lower Saxony, Germany. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... Weser watershed Wolfsburg is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. ...

Unlike other rear-engined Volkswagens, which evolved constantly over time but never saw the introduction of all-new models, the Transporter not only evolved, but was completely revised periodically with variations referred to as versions "T1" to "T5," although only generations T1 to T3 (or T25 as it is called in Ireland and Great Britain) can be seen as directly related to the Beetle (see below for details).

The Type 2 was among the first commercial vehicles in which the driver was placed above the front wheels. As such, it started a trend, at least in Germany, where the Ford Transit among others quickly copied the concept. In the United States, the Corvair-based Chevrolet Corvan cargo van and Greenbrier passenger van even went so far as to copy the Type 2's rear-engine layout, using the Corvair's horizontally-opposed, air-cooled engine for power. Except for the Greenbrier and a mid-70s water-cooled version from Fiat, the 850 Microbus — neither of which were produced in great numbers — the Type 2 remained unique in being rear-engined which was a disadvantage for the Panel Van which couldn't easily be loaded from the rear due to the engine cover intruding on interior space, but generally advantageous in terms of traction and interior noise. The Ford Transit is a van produced by the European division of the Ford Motor Company. ... The Chevrolet Corvair remains one of General Motors most unusual creations. ... The present Fiat logo The old Fiat logo, still commonly seen, used from 1969 to 1999 Fiat S.p. ...

Another trend that the Type 2 may not have started, but that it certainly gave momentum to, is the use of nicely-trimmed commercial vans as people carriers. This first took hold in the United States in the 1960s, aided by very intelligent, tongue-in-cheek advertising by the Doyle Dane Bernbach agency. Doyle Dane Bernbach was an advertising agency famous in the 1950s and 1960s for its innovative campaigns for Volkswagen (Think Small), Avis (We Try Harder), and other companies. ...

During the hippie era in the United States, the Bus became a major counterculture symbol. There were several reasons: The van could carry a number of people plus camping gear and cooking supplies, extra clothing, do-it-yourself carpenter's tools, etc. As a "statement", its boxy, utilitarian shape made the Type 2 everything the American cars of the day were not. Used models were incredibly cheap to buy - a majority were hand-painted (a predecessor of the modern-day art car). Some Bus enthusiasts (especially for antiwar activists) would replace the VW logo with a painted peace symbol up front. Since that time, however, the original 1950–1967 Type 2 (primarily the pre-1956 barndoors) has become a hot collector's item with special variations reaching into the North American five-figure price territory. The second generation has also passed its low-price years and is on its way to collector status. Image File history File linksMetadata IMG_0136. ... Image File history File linksMetadata IMG_0136. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... In sociology, counterculture is a term used to describe a cultural group whose values and norms are at odds with those of the social mainstream, a cultural equivalent of a political opposition. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... An art car is a vehicle that has its appearance modified as an act of personal artistic expression. ... A collectors item is an object or item of any kind that has become valuable -- often unexpectedly. ...

The first generation of the VW Type 2 with the split front window, called the Microbus or Splittie among modern fans, was produced from March 8th, 1950 through the end of the 1967 model year. From 1950 to 1956, the T1 was built in Wolfsburg; from 1956 it was built at the completely new Transporter factory in Hannover (usually spelled "Hanover" in English). Like the Beetle, the first Transporters had a 1.2 L, 25 hp (19 kW), air-cooled four-cylinder boxer engine mounted in the rear. The 36 hp (22 kW) version became standard in 1955 while an unusual early version of the 40 hp (25 kW) engine debuted exclusively on the Type 2 in 1959. This engine proved to be so uncharacteristically troublesome that Volkswagen recalled all 1959 Transporters and replaced the engines with an updated version of the 40 hp (25 kW) engine. Any 1959 models that retain that early engine today are true survivors. Since the engine was totally discontinued at the outset, no parts were ever made available. Volkswagen Type2 T1c Kombi 1966 VW Kombi, photographed by Erik Meltzer in 2000. ... Volkswagen Type2 T1c Kombi 1966 VW Kombi, photographed by Erik Meltzer in 2000. ... Weser watershed Wolfsburg is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. ... 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Map of Germany showing Hanover Hanover (in German: Hannover [haˈnoːfɐ]), on the river Leine, is the capital of the state of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany. ... Air-cooled engines rely on the circulation of air directly over hot parts of the engine to cool them. ... A flat-4 is a four cylinder internal combustion engine where the cylinders are arranged in a flat configuration. ... Diagram of the opposing pistons in a boxer engine A flat engine or boxer engine or horizontally opposed engine is a type of engine where the pistons lie horizontally opposed, with pairs of cylinders on the left and the right, as opposed to most modern engines where all pistons are...

The early versions of the T1 until 1955 were often called the T1a or "Barndoor," owing to the enormous rear engine cover, while the later versions with a slightly modified body (the roofline above the windshield is extended), smaller engine bay, and 15 in (381 mm) wheels instead of the original 16 in (406 mm) ones were called the T1b. From the 1963 model year, when the rear door was made wider (same as on the T2), the vehicle was referred to as the T1c. 1963 also saw the introduction of an optional sliding door for the passenger/cargo area instead of the standard outwardly hinged doors.

In 1962, a heavy-duty Transporter was introduced as a factory option. It featured a cargo capacity of one metric ton (1,000 kg) instead of the previous 750 kg, smaller but wider 14 in (356 mm) wheels, and a 1.5 L, 42 DIN hp (31 kW) engine. This was so successful that only a year later, the 750 kg, 1.2 L Transporter was discontinued. When the Beetle received the 1.5 L engine for the 1967 model year, its power was increased to 44 hp DIN (32 kW).

German production stopped after the 1967 model year; however, the T1 still was made in Brazil until 1975, when it was modified with a 1968-79 T2-style front end and big 1972-vintage taillights into the so-called "T1.5" and produced until 1996. The Brazilian T1s were not identical to the last German models (the T1.5 was locally produced in Brasil using the 1950s and 1960s-era stamping dies to cut down on retooling, alongside the Beetle/Fusca where the pre-1965 bodystyle was retained), though they sported some characteristic features of the T1a, such as the cargo doors and 5-stud (205mm bolt circle) rims. VW do Brasil production aircooled vehicles (including the VW Brasilia) are a rare find in the USA and usually sought after by collectors; the website vintagebus.com has several rare pics of the T1.5. 1996 (MCMXCVI) is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... The Volkswagen Brasilia, was a car made in Brasil between 1973 and 1982. ...

Among American enthusiasts, it is common to refer to the different models by the number of their windows. The basic Kombi or Bus is the 11-window (a.k.a. 3-window bus because of three side windows) with a split windshield, two front cabin door windows, six rear side windows, and one rear window. The deluxe model featured eight rear side windows and two rear corner windows, making it the 15-window (not available in Europe). And the sunroof deluxe with its additional eight small skylight windows is, accordingly, the 23-window. From the 1963 model year, with its wider rear door, the rear corner windows were discontinued, making the latter two the 13-window and 21-window respectively.

In 1968, the second generation of the Type 2 was introduced. It was built in Germany until 1979, with production shifting to Mexico in 1980 and to Brazil in 1996. Models before 1971 are often called the T2a, while models after 1972 are called the T2b. Volkswagen Type2 T2a Bus 1972 VW Bus. ... Volkswagen Type2 T2a Bus 1972 VW Bus. ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ...

This second-generation T2 lost its distinctive split front window and was slightly larger and considerably heavier than its predecessor. Its common nicknames are Breadloaf and Bay-window, or Loaf and Bay for short. At 1.6 L and 48 DIN hp (35 kW), the engine was also slightly larger. The new model also did away with the swing axle rear suspension and transfer boxes previously used to raise ride height. Instead, half-shaft axles fitted with CV joints raised ride height without the wild changes in camber of the Beetle-based swing axle transmission. The updated Bus transaxle is usually sought after by off-road racers using aircooled VW components. A swing axle suspension is a simple type of independent suspension used in automobiles. ... Cross-section through a typical outer CV joint (Saab 96) Constant Velocity Joints or CV joints allow a rotating shaft to transmit power through a variable angle, at constant rotational speed, without an appreciable increase in friction or play. ... A wheel with a negative camber angle Camber angle is the angle made by the wheel of an automobile; specifically, it is the angle between the vertical axis of the wheel and the vertical axis of the vehicle when viewed from the front or rear. ...

The T2b was introduced by way of gradual change over three years. The 1971 Type 2 featured a new, 1.6 L engine with dual intake ports on each cylinder head and was rated at 50 DIN hp (37 kW). An important change came with the introduction of front disc brakes and new wheels with brake ventilation holes and flatter hubcaps. 1972's most prominent change was a bigger engine compartment to fit the larger 1.7 to 2.0 L engines from the VW Type 4, and a redesigned rear end which eliminated the removable rear apron. The air inlets were also enlarged to accommodate the increased cooling air needs of the larger engines. Close-up of a disc brake on a car On automobiles, disc brakes are often located within the wheel The disc brake is a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a wheel. ... The VW Type 4 was a medium sized 2 or 4 door sedan or 2 door station wagon built by Volkswagen. ...

This all-new, larger engine is commonly called the Type 4 engine as opposed to the previous engine first introduced in the Beetle. There is no "Type 2 engine" or "Type 3 engine", because those cars did not feature all-new engines when introduced. They used the "Type 1 engine" from the Beetle with minor modifications such as rear mount provisions and different cooling shroud arrangements.

In the Type 2, the VW Type 4 engine was an option for the 1972 model year onward. This engine was standard in models destined for the US and Canada. Only with the Type 4 engine did an automatic transmission become available for the first time in the 1973 model year. Both engines displaced 1.7 L, rated at 66 DIN hp (49 kW) with the manual transmission and 62 DIN hp (46 kW) with the automatic. The Type 4 engine was enlarged to 1.8 L and 68 DIN hp (50 kW) for the 1974 model year and again to 2.0 L and 70 DIN hp (52 kW) for the 1976 model year. As with all Transporter engines, the focus in development was not on power, but on low-end torque. The VW Type 4 was a medium sized 2 or 4 door sedan or 2 door station wagon built by Volkswagen. ... An automatic transmission is an automobile gearbox that can change gear ratios automatically as the car or truck moves, thus freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually. ... This is an article about manual transmission in general; for guidance on how to drive with a manual transmission, see Manual transmission driving technique. ... In physics, torque can be thought of informally as rotational force. Torque is commonly measured in units of newton metres; although, centiNewton Meters (cNm), Foot Pounds (Lb-Ft), Inch Pounds (Lb-In) and Inch Ounces (Oz-In) are also frequently used expressions of torque. ...

1973 also saw the most noticeable exterior changes. The front turn indicators were squared off from the previous version and set higher in the front valence. Larger taillights were added to comply with U.S. lighting requirements as were larger bumpers. Crash safety improved greatly with this change due to a compressible structure behind the front bumper. This meant that the T2b was capable of meeting US safety standards for passenger cars of the time, though being vans they were not required to. The only thing that shrunk on the new model, or so it seemed, was the large and distinctive "VW" emblem on the front of the early model. Volkswagen Type2 T2b Ambulance Late 1970s Volkswagen Type 2 Ambulance. ... Volkswagen Type2 T2b Ambulance Late 1970s Volkswagen Type 2 Ambulance. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... For other uses, see United States (disambiguation) and US (disambiguation). ...

Later model changes were primarily under the skin. By 1974, the T2 had gained its final shape. Very late in the T2's design life, during the late 1970s, the first prototypes of Type 2 vans with four wheel drive were built and tested. Four wheel drive or 4x4, is a type of four wheeled vehicle drivetrain configuration that enables all four wheels to receive power from the engine simultaneously in order to provide maximum traction. ...

The T2 also has the distinction of being the basis for one of the most sought-after and valuable toys in history. In 1969, Mattel introduced a new model to their line of Hot Wheels die-cast toy cars. This was the "Beach Bomb," a customized Type 2 complete with surfboards. Made in very small numbers, two variations of the toy were produced. The earliest model had the surfboards placed in boxes over the rear fenders; the later and slightly more common version lost the boxes and placed the surfboards on the roof. Only one "hot pink" unit of the early version was ever manufactured and sold. This rare colour and body combination sold at auction for a record $66,000 USD in 2002 and is currently insured for $100,000. 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday For other uses, see Number 1969. ... Mattel Inc. ... Hot Wheels Car - Dodge Viper Hot WheelsÂ® is a popular brand of toy automobile, introduced by U.S. toymaker Mattel in 1968. ... Surfboards were invented by the Hawaiians for riding breaking waves to the beach. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... 2002 (MMII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The T2c, so called since it got a slightly raised roof - by about 10 cm - in the early 1990s, was built for the South American and Central American markets. The T2c was produced in Mexico until 1991* with the 1.6 L air-cooled Type 1 engine, and from 1991 until 1996 with water-cooled engines from the VW Golf (a VW/Audi 1.4L). Since 1997, the T2c has been built in Brazil with air-cooled engines for the Brazilian market and with water-cooled engines for the Mexican market, the latter easily identified by their large, black-coloured, front-mounted radiators. 1 The 1990s decade refers to the years from 1990 to 1999, inclusive, the last decade of the 20th Century. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Commonly, Central America is the region of North America located between the southern border of Mexico and the northwest border of Colombia, in South America. ... Engine cooling is the process of cooling an engine by using either air or liquid. ... Watercooling is a method of heat removal from components. ... VW Golf Mk. ...

Since production of the original Beetle was halted in late 2003, the T2 remained the only Volkswagen model with the traditional air-cooled, rear-mounted boxer engine when the Brazilian model shifted to water-cooled on December 23, 2005. Previously, the watercooled T2c was sold in Mexico between 1991-2002. December 23 is the 357th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (358th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The shift to water-cooled powerplants is in response to Brazil's emission laws which goes into effect for 2006 and beyond. The new water-cooled engine will run on petrol as well as alcohol, which costs about 50% less than ordinary fuel. 2 The engine is a EA-111 1.4 8v Total Flex. 1390 cm³, 78 cv (brazilian hp) on petrol, and 80 cv when run on ethanol. Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless chemical compound, one of the alcohols that is most often found in alcoholic beverages. ...

Main article: Vanagon Mid-1980s T3 Kombi Late 1980s T3 Caravelle Syncro Also known as a T3 in Europe. ...

The T3, known as the T25 in Britain and Ireland, and Vanagon in the US, was built from 1979 to 1990 (or 1992 if one includes the Syncro) and was the third distinct generation of the Type 2. It featured an all-new mechanical design that matched the T2 in length and height, but was wider by 12 cm and considerably heavier. Additional interior space was created by lowering the engine compartment considerably; the rear door is more than twice as large as the T2's. The suspension and almost all mechanical components were completely changed; and the frontal crash protection was greatly increased. The body was considerably squared-off; though retaining the overall impression of previous versions to an amazing degree. Body variants remained the same as before. VW Type2 T3 Kombi Mid-1980s VW Type 2 Kombi. ... VW Type2 T3 Kombi Mid-1980s VW Type 2 Kombi. ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... This article is about the year. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ...

Until 1982, the T3 was available with the same air-cooled engines as the T2. Starting in 1981, water-cooled diesel engines were available options and for 1984, water-cooled gasoline boxer engines replaced the previous air-cooled ones. From 1985, the T3 Syncro represented the first production Type 2 with four-wheel-drive. The Syncro drive system was full time four wheel drive, with drive to the front axle controlled by a viscous coupling, that delivered drive when required. European Syncros were normally fitted with front and rear pneumatically operated differential locks to improve traction. These were not normally fitted to US-spec Vanagons due to fears over product liability.
The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine; more specifically, it is a compression ignition engine, in which the fuel is ignited by being suddenly exposed to the high temperature and pressure of a compressed gas, rather than by a separate source of ignition, such as a spark... Gasoline is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture consisting primarily of hydrocarbons, used as fuel in internal combustion engines. ...

Engine size and performance grew considerably over the T25's production run, from the 1.6 L, 50 DIN hp (37 kW) and 2.0 L, 70 DIN horsepower (52 kW) air-cooled engines to 1.9 L water-cooled powerplants rated at 60 DIN hp (44 kW) or 78 DIN hp (57 kW) to the top-of the line 2.1 L, 112 DIN hp (82 kW) (95 hp for vans with catalytic converters) fuel-injected version. Likewise, the diesel engine grew to 1.9 L and 65 DIN hp (48 kW). There was a turbodiesel option, but only in 1.6 L, 70 DIN hp (52 kW) trim. The 1.9 L turbodiesel upgrade was not available until the introduction of the T4. VW Type2 T3 Caravelle Syncro File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... VW Type2 T3 Caravelle Syncro File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... A catalytic converter is a device used to reduce the emissions from an internal combustion engine. ...

In its home market, the T3 was replaced by the T4 for the 1990 model year, but some Syncro models and vehicles for Deutsche Post and the German military continued to be produced in Graz, Austria until 1992. The last German-built T3s were the very sought-after "Limited Last Edition" models of which 2,500 were built. Deutsche Post Logo Deutsche Post AG is a German logistics, post and courier business seated in Bonn. ... The Graz Schlossberg Clock Tower Graz [graËts] (Slovenian: Gradec IPA: /gra. ...

Meanwhile, the T3 was still being built in South Africa, with a slightly modified body (larger windows, different ventilation, less room above the engine), fuel-injected four and five-cylinder inline engines and new equipment packages. South African T3 production was halted in 2002. 2002 (MMII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Front-engined successors

Main article: VW Eurovan The Eurovan was the first front-engined van of German automobile manufacturer Volkswagen and is the successor of the famous classic VW Type 2 van. ...

Since 1990, the Transporter in most world markets has been front-engined and water-cooled similar to other contemporary Volkswagens. It is quite noteworthy that this happened almost two decades later than it did for the passenger cars, especially since commercial vehicles are usually not purchased for sentimental reasons. A new front-engined Transporter with design cues from the T1 model was planned for the 2007 model year and targeted at the US market. However, in May 2004 Volkswagen announced that the design had been scrapped and would be replaced with another, more cost-efficient one to be marketed globally. Volkswagen Eurovan T5 Multivan Two identical brand-new 2004 VW Multivans. ... Volkswagen Eurovan T5 Multivan Two identical brand-new 2004 VW Multivans. ...

For more details on Volkswagen's front-engined Transporters, see VW Eurovan (US brand name – all types still marketed as Transporter in the UK and Ireland). The Eurovan was the first front-engined van of German automobile manufacturer Volkswagen and is the successor of the famous classic VW Type 2 van. ... Motto: Official (Latin): E pluribus unum (1789 to 1956) (Translated: Out of Many, One) In God We Trust (1956 to present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at federal level; English de facto Government â€¢ President â€¢ Vice President Federal...

External links

Categories: Volkswagen | Volkswagen vehicles | Rear-engined vehicles | Rear wheel drive vehicles Volkswagen AG (Xetra: DE0007664005) is a German automobile manufacturer founded in 1937 as a public concern by the then Nazi government to sell the Volkswagen Beetle. ... Volkswagen, [literally: peoples car] (also known as VW) is an automobile manufacturer based in Wolfsburg, Germany. ... Audi is an automobile maker in Germany, and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group. ... An old SEAT 600 The two-door SEAT Ibiza. SEAT is one of the leading car makers in Spain. ... Å koda Auto â–¶ (helpÂ· info) is a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group (VAG) and used to be the leading automobile manufacturer in the Czech Republic. ... Bentleys winged B badge and hood ornament Bentley Motors Limited is a British based manufacturer of luxury automobiles and Grand Tourers. ... 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The VW Type 1, which was called the Beetle or Bug or KÃ¤fer (in German), is a small family car, the best known car of Volkswagen, one of the best known cars from Germany, and one of the most recognisable and distinctive cars in the world. ... The Volkswagen New Beetle is a new line of Volkswagen Beetle. ... The Volkswagen TL was a 2-door sedan produced in Germany and by Volkswagen in Brazil in the 1970s, derived from the Volkswagen Type 3. ... Volkswagen Thing The Volkswagen Type 181 was a small military vehicle produced by Volkswagen from 1969 to 1980 for the German army, as an updated version of the earlier KÃ¼belwagen. ... 2005 Volkswagen Touran The Volkswagen Touran is a compact minivan based on a vertically stretched 5th generation of the Volkswagen Golf and sold in Europe. ... VW K70 Kombi (station wagon/estate) The Volkswagen K70 (pronounced as ka siebzig in German) is a sedan automobile produced by both NSU and Volkswagen from 1969 to 1974. ... The Volkswagen Passat is a midsized car built by Volkswagen AG, produced in various forms since 1973. ... VW Sharan The VW Sharan is a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV) or people carrier sold by Volkswagen in Europe, in a joint venture with Ford, which sells a version of the same model as the Ford Galaxy. ... Phaeton interior The Volkswagen Phaeton (pronounced fay-tun) is a large luxury sedan manufactured by Volkswagen. ... The Volkswagen Pointer was a family car sold by Volkswagen in South America, in the 1990s. ... The Beduin is a small crossover SUV from Volkswagen produced for the 2007 model year. ... The Volkswagen Touareg (pronounced Tour-eg) is an automobile manufactured by Volkswagen. ... The name Volkswagen Caddy or VW Caddy has been used by the Volkswagen Group to describe some different models. ... The Eurovan (US), or Transporter (UK & Ireland) was the first front-engined van of German automobile manufacturer Volkswagen and is the successor of the famous classic VW Type 2 van. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The VW Type 1, which was called the Beetle or Bug or KÃ¤fer (in German), is a small family car, the best known car of Volkswagen, one of the best known cars from Germany, and one of the most recognisable and distinctive cars in the world. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Volkswagen Type 3 was an automobile introduced in 1961 to diversify VWs product range beyond the Type 1 (Beetle) and the Type 2 (Bus). ... 1969-1972 Volkswagen 411 estate 1974 Volkswagen 412 sedan The Volkswagen Type 4 was a midsized 2 or 4-door sedan or 2-door station wagon built by Volkswagen. ... The Karmann Ghia is a two-seater sports car marketed by Volkswagen, designed by the Italian firm Ghia, and built by German coach builder Karmann. ... A 1951 VW KÃ¼belwagen (LIM 111). ... Schwimmwagen from the December 1944 issue of the Intelligence Bulletin. ... 2002 Volkswagen 1-litre Concept The VW 1 litre car is a two-person concept car designed to travel 100km using just 1 litre of fuel (equivalent to 235 miles per US gallon or 282 mpg Imperial). ... The Volkswagen Concept R is a concept car developed by the German manufacturer Volkswagen and officially unveiled at the 2003 Frankfurt Auto Show. ... The Volkswagen EcoRacer at the 2005 Tokyo Motor Show. ... The Volkswagen New Beetle is a new line of Volkswagen Beetle. ... Volkswagen Nardo The Volkswagen Nardo (officially known as the Volkswagen W12) was a concept car created by Volkswagen. ... Image File history File links LinkFA-star. ...

Contents

Names and nicknames GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Variants

History

T1

T2

T3

Front-engined successors

External links

Names and nicknames