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Encyclopedia > Komi Republic
Komi Republic
Республика Коми
Коми Республика
   
Flag of Komi Republic Coat of arms of Komi Republic
Flag of Komi Republic Coat of arms of Komi Republic
Image:RussiaKomi2005.png
Capital Syktyvkar
Area

- total
- % water Image File history File links Flag_of_Komi. ... Coat of arms of the Komi Republic (from Estonian wiki) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Coat of arms of the Komi Republic (Russian: ; gerb Respubliki Komi), SHRRF #153), designed by A. Neverov, was instituted by the law â„– XII-20/1 on June 6, 1994 and reflects the mythic beliefs of the Komi peoples. ... Image File history File links RussiaKomi2005. ... Syktyvkar (Сыктывка́р) is a city in Russia, and the capital of the Komi Republic. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ...

Ranked 15th

- 415,900 km²
- negligible Here is a list of the 88 federal subjects of Russia in order of size. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ...

Population

- Total
- Density Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ...

Ranked 54th

- est. 1,018,674 (2002)
- est. 2.44/km² Here is a list of the 89 federal subjects of Russia in order of population according to the 2002 census. ...

Political status Republic
Federal district Northwestern Federal District
Economic Region North
Cadaster # 11
Official languages Russian, Komi
Head of the Republic Vladimir Alexandrovich Torlopov
Deputy Head Pavel Anatolyevich Orda
Legislature
Anthem

The Komi Republic (Russian: Респу́блика Ко́ми, Respublika Komi; Komi: Коми Республика, Komi Respublika) is a republic and a federal subject of Russia, to the west of the Ural mountains, in the north-east of the East European Plain. The Russian Federation is divided into 88 federal subjects (constituent units), 21 of which are republics. ... All of the federal subjects of Russia are grouped into seven federal districts (Russian: , sing. ... Northwestern Federal District (Russian: Се́веро-За́падный федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Russia is divided into eleven economic regions (Russian: экономические районы, sing. ... . Komi language edition of Wikipedia The Komi language, also known as Zyrian, or Komi-Zyrian, is a language spoken by the Komi peoples in the northeastern European part of Russia. ... Vladimir Aleksandrovich Torlopov (born 1949) is the president of the Komi Republic in Russia. ... . Komi language edition of Wikipedia The Komi language, also known as Zyrian, or Komi-Zyrian, is a language spoken by the Komi peoples in the northeastern European part of Russia. ... In a broad definition, a republic is a state or country that is led by people whose political power is based on principles that are not beyond the control of the people of that state or country. ... Russia is a federation which consists of 88 subjects (Russian: ; English transliteration: subyekty, sing. ... Map of the Ural Mountains The Village of Kolchedan in Ural Mountains in 1912 The Ural Mountains (Russian: , Uralskiye gory) also known simply as the Urals and as the Riphean Mountains in Greco-Roman antiquity, is a mountain range that runs roughly north and south through western Russia. ... The East European Plain (also Eastern-European Lowland, Eastern European Lowlands, Eastern European Plain, and Russian Plain) is a plain and series of broad river basins in Eastern Europe. ...

Contents

Geography

Forests cover over 70% of the territory of the republic and swamps cover approximately 15%. A freshwater swamp This article is about the wetland type (a landform). ...

Flag Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russian: ), or Nenetsia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Arkhangelsk Oblast). ... Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russian: ), or Yamalia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). ... Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra (Russian: ), or Khantia-Mansia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). ... Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: , tr. ... Perm Krai (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia that came into existence on December 1, 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Permyakia Autonomous District. ... Kirov Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... Arkhangelsk Oblast (Russian: , Arkhangelskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... Mount Narodnaya (Russian: Народная) is the highest peak of the Urals, located Tyumen Oblast in Russia, 0,5 km to east from the border of Komi Republic. ...

Time zone

The Komi Republic is located in the Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD). UTC offset is +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD). Image File history File links RTZ2. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries not observing daylight saving Moscow Time is observed in Russia’s second Time Zone in which Moscow is situated (there are 11 Time Zones in Russia). ... Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is a high-precision atomic time standard. ...

Rivers

Major rivers include:

Mezen (Мезень) is a river in the European part of Russia, flowing into the White Sea. ... The Pechora River is a major river in European Russia. ... The Sysola River is located mainly in Northwestern Russias Komi Republic, although its two branches have their sources in the Kirov Oblast, and the Perm Oblast. ... Usa (pronounced as Oosah) is the name of several rivers in Russia: Usa River is a river in Komi Republic. ... Vychegda (Вычегда) is a river in the European part of Russia, tributary to the Northern Dvina. ...

Lakes

There are many lakes in the republic. Major lakes include:

  • Sindorskoye Lake
  • Yam-Ozero Lake

Natural Resources

The republic's natural resources include coal, oil, natural gas, gold, diamonds, and more. Coal Coal (IPA: ) is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by underground mining or open-pit mining (surface mining). ... Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Sarnia, Ontario Ignacy Łukasiewicz - inventor of the refining of kerosene from crude oil. ... Natural gas is a gaseous fossil fuel consisting primarily of methane. ... General Name, Symbol, Number gold, Au, 79 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 6, d Appearance metallic yellow Atomic mass 196. ... // A scattering of round-brilliant cut diamonds shows off the many reflecting facets. ...


Around 32,800 km² of mostly boreal forest (as well as some alpine tundra and meadows) in the Republic's Northern Ural Mountains have been recognized in 1995 as a UNESCO World Heritage site, Virgin Komi Forests. It is the first natural UNESCO World Heritage site in Russia and the largest expanse of virgin forests in Europe. The site includes two pre-exiting protected areas: Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve (created in 1930) and Yugyd Va National Park (created in 1994). Taiga (SAMPA /taIg@/, from Russian тайга́) is a biome characterized by its coniferous forests. ... In physical geography, tundra is an area where tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. ... Map of the Ural Mountains The Village of Kolchedan in Ural Mountains in 1912 The Ural Mountains (Russian: , Uralskiye gory) also known simply as the Urals and as the Riphean Mountains in Greco-Roman antiquity, is a mountain range that runs roughly north and south through western Russia. ... UNESCO logo UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... The Virgin Komi Forests is a natural UNESCO World Heritage site in the Northern Ural mountains of the Komi Republic, Russia. ... UNESCO logo UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. ... Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve (Russian: , Pechoro-Ilychsky zapovednik) is a nature reserve in the Komi Republic, Russia. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... Yugyd Va National Park (Komi, Russian: ) is a national park in Komi Republic, a constituent republic of Russian Federation, in the North-Eastern Europe. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ...


Climate

Winters in the republic are long and cold, and the summers, while short, are quite warm.

  • Average January temperature: –17°C (southern parts) to –20°C (northern parts)
  • Average July temperature: +11°C (northern parts) to +15°C (southern parts)
  • Average annual precipitation: 625 mm

Administrative divisions

Cities and towns under republics jurisdiction: Syktyvkar (Сыктывкар) (capital) city districts: Ezhvinsky (Эжвинский) Urban settlements under the citys jurisdiction: Krasnozatonsky (Краснозатонский) Sedkyrkeshch (Седкыркещ) Verkhnyaya Maksakovka (Верхняя Максаковка) Inta (Инта) Urban settlements under the towns jurisdiction: Kozhym (Кожым) Verkhnyaya Inta (Верхняя Инта) with 4 selsovets under the towns jurisdiction. ...

Demographics

According to the 2002 Census, ethnic Russians at 607,021 make up 59.6% of the republic's population, while the ethnic Komi at 256,464 are only 25.2%. Other groups include Ukrainians (62,115, or 6.1%), Tatars (15,680 or 1.5%), Belarusians (15,212 or 1.5%), Ethnic Germans (9,246 or 0.9%), Chuvash (7,529 or 0.7%), Azeris (6,066 or 0.6%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population. 5,700 people (0.6%) did not indicate their nationalities during the Census. Russian Census of 2002 (Russian: ) was the first census of Russian Federation carried out on October 9, 2002. ... Komi (obsolete: Komi-Zyrians) live in Komi Republic, Murmansk Oblast, Khanty-Mansi autonomous district, and Yamal-Nenets autonomous district of Russia. ... Kültigin Monument where first mention of Tatar people is inscribed Tatars (Tatar: Tatarlar/Татарлар), sometimes spelled Tartar (more about the name), is a collective name applied to the Turkic speaking people of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Germans. ... The Chuvash (Chuvashian: , Russian: чуваши, Tatar: ÇuaşlarЧуашлар) are a Turkic people usually associated with Chuvashia. ... The Azerbaijanis[15][16] are an ethnic group mainly found in northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan. ...

  • Population: 1,018,674 (2002)
    • Urban: 766,587 (75.3%)
    • Rural: 252,087 (24.7%)
    • Male: 488,316 (47.9%)
    • Female: 530,358 (52.1%)
  • Females per 1000 males: 1,086
  • Average age: 34.5 years
    • Urban: 33.7 years
    • Rural: 36.8 years
    • Male: 32.3 years
    • Female: 36.8 years
  • Number of households: 381,626 (with 992,612 people)
    • Urban: 289,854 (with 749,329 people)
    • Rural: 91,772 (with 243,283 people)
  • Vital statistics (2005)
    • Births: 10,975 (birth rate 11.1)
    • Deaths: 15,074 (death rate 15.2)

History

Komi Republic map
Komi Republic map

A northernmost portion of European Russia, Komi was an unspoiled land throughout most of history, dwelt in only by nomadic native peoples. Image File history File links Komi03. ... Image File history File links Komi03. ...


The territory of the republic was most intensely settled in the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. The Komi-Zyryan Autonomous Oblast was established on August 22, 1929, and on December 5 of the same year it was reorganized into an Komi-Zyryan ASSR. Komi-Zyryan Autonomous Oblast was created 1922-08-22. ... August 22 is the 234th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (235th in leap years), with 131 days remaining. ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... December 5 is the 339th day (340th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...


Many of the "settlers" who came in the early 20th century were prisoners of the Gulag who were sent by the hundreds of thousands to perform forced labor in the Arctic regions of the USSR. Towns sprang up around labor-camp sites, which were initially carved out of the untouched tundra and taiga by gangs of prisoners. Gulag ( , Russian: ) is an acronym for Главное Управление Исправительно—Трудовых Лагерей и колоний, Glavnoye Upravleniye Ispravitelno-trudovykh Lagerey i kolonii, The Chief Directorate [or Administration] of Corrective Labour Camps and Colonies of the NKVD. Anne Applebaum, in her book Gulag: A History, explains: // Literally, the word GULAG is an acronym, meaning Glavnoe Upravlenie Lagerei, or Main Camp... In physical geography, tundra is an area where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. ... The taiga is found throughout the high northern latitudes, just below the tundra, and just above the steppes. ...


The Komi Republic in its modern form was established on May 26, 1992. May 26 is the 146th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (147th in leap years). ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ...


Politics

The head of government in Komi Republic is the Head of the Republic. As of 2004, the head of the republic is Vladimir Alexandrovich Torlopov, who was elected in December of 2001. 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Vladimir Aleksandrovich Torlopov (born 1949) is the president of the Komi Republic in Russia. ...


Economy

Komi Republic's major industries include oil processing, timber, woodworking, natural gas and electric power industries. Major industrial centers are Syktyvkar, Inta, Pechora, Sosnogorsk, Ukhta, and Vorkuta. Syktyvkar (Сыктывка́р) is a city in Russia, and the capital of the Komi Republic. ... Inta (Russian: ) is a town in the Komi Republic, Russia. ... Pechora (Печора) is a major river in European Russia (Komi Republic and Nenetsia). ... Sosnogorsk (Russian: ) is a town in the Komi Republic, Russia. ... Ukhta (Russian: ), also spelled Uchta, is an important industrial city in the Komi Republic of northwestern Russia. ... Vorkuta (Russian: ) is a coal mining town in the Komi Republic, Russia, situated just north of the Arctic circle in the Pechora coal basin, at 67°30′N 64°00′E. It had its origin in one of the more notorious concentration camps of the Gulag which was established in...


Transportation

Railroad transportation is very well developed. The most important railroad line is KotlasVorkutaSalekhard, which is used to ship most goods in and out of the republic. The rivers Vychegda and Pechora are navigable. There are airports in Syktyvkar, Ukhta, and Vorkuta. Kotlas is a Russian city (61° 15 N, 46° 35 E) in the Archangelsk oblast that lies at the confluence of Northern Dvina and Vychegda. ... Vorkuta (Russian: ) is a coal mining town in the Komi Republic, Russia, situated just north of the Arctic circle in the Pechora coal basin, at 67°30′N 64°00′E. It had its origin in one of the more notorious concentration camps of the Gulag which was established in... Salekhard Coat of Arms Salekhard (Russian: ) is a town in and the administrative center of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. ... Vychegda (Вычегда) is a river in the European part of Russia, tributary to the Northern Dvina. ... The Pechora River is a major river in European Russia. ... Syktyvkar (Сыктывка́р) is a city in Russia, and the capital of the Komi Republic. ... Ukhta (Russian: ), also spelled Uchta, is an important industrial city in the Komi Republic of northwestern Russia. ...


In 1997, total railroad trackage was 1,708 km; automobile roads 4,677 km.


Education

There are over 450 secondary schools in the republic (with ~180,000 students). The most important higher education facilities include Syktyvkar State University and Ukhta State Technical University.


See also

The Komi Republic is a region of Russia. ... Location map Flag of Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug Komi-Permyak Okrug (Russian: ), or Permyakia is a territory with special status within Perm Krai, Russia. ... Udorsky District is an administrative district of Komi Republic. ... This is a list of the extreme points of Europe, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location on the continent. ...

External links

  • (Russian) Official site of the Republic of Komi.
  • (English) Official site of the Syktyvkar State University).
  • (Russian) Official site of the Syktyvkar State University).
  • (Russian) Official site of the Ukhta State Technical University.
  • (Russian) Snowboarding in Komi Republic.
  • (English) Map of the Komi Republic.
  • (English) Historic-demographic note on the Nenets of the Komi Republic
Administrative divisions of Russia Flag of Russia
Federal subjects
Republics Adygea | Altai | Bashkortostan | Buryatia | Chechnya | Chuvashia | Dagestan | Ingushetia | Kabardino-Balkaria | Karelia | Khakassia | Komi | Kalmykia | Karachay-Cherkessia | Mari El | Mordovia | North Ossetia-Alania | Sakha | Tatarstan | Tuva | Udmurtia
Krais Altai | Khabarovsk | Krasnodar | Krasnoyarsk1 | Perm | Primorsky | Stavropol
Oblasts Amur | Arkhangelsk | Astrakhan | Belgorod | Bryansk | Chelyabinsk | Chita | Irkutsk2 | Ivanovo | Kaliningrad | Kaluga | Kamchatka3 | Kemerovo | Kirov | Kostroma | Kurgan | Kursk | Leningrad | Lipetsk | Magadan | Moscow | Murmansk | Nizhny Novgorod | Novgorod | Novosibirsk | Omsk | Orenburg | Oryol | Penza | Pskov | Rostov | Ryazan | Sakhalin | Samara | Saratov | Smolensk | Sverdlovsk | Tambov | Tomsk | Tula | Tver | Tyumen | Ulyanovsk | Vladimir | Volgograd | Vologda | Voronezh | Yaroslavl
Federal cities Moscow | St. Petersburg
Autonomous oblast Jewish
Autonomous okrugs Aga Buryatia | Chukotka | Evenkia1 | Khantia-Mansia | Koryakia3 | Nenetsia | Taymyria1 | Ust-Orda Buryatia2 | Yamalia
  1. On January 1, 2007, Evenk and Taymyr Autonomous Okrugs will be merged into Krasnoyarsk Krai.
  2. On January 1, 2008, Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug will be merged into Irkutsk Oblast.
  3. On July 1, 2007, Kamchatka Oblast and Koryak Autonomous Okrug will merge to form Kamchatka Krai.
Federal districts
Central | Far Eastern | Northwestern | Siberian | Southern | Urals | Volga


  Results from FactBites:
 
Komi Republic - definition of Komi Republic in Encyclopedia (554 words)
The Komi Republic (Russian: Респ́ублика Ко́ми; Komi: Коми Республика) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).
The republic is located to the west of the Ural mountains, in the north-west of the East European Plain.
The territory of the republic was most intensly settled in the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th centuries.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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