NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Korea Strait

Korea Strait

Korean names
	North Korea	South Korea
Hangul	조선해협	대한해협
Hanja	朝鮮海峽	大韓海峽
Revised Romanization	Joseon Haehyeop	Daehan Haehyeop
McCune-Reischauer	Chosŏn Haehyŏp	Taehan Haehyŏp
Japanese name
Kanji	対馬海峡
Hiragana	つしまかいきょう
Hepburn Romanization	Tsushima Kaikyō

The Korea Strait is a sea passage between South Korea and Japan, connecting the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan (East Sea) in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The strait is split by the Tsushima Island into the Busan Strait (Western Channel) and the Tsushima Strait (Eastern Channel). Image File history File links This image was copied from wikipedia:en. ... Jamo redirects here. ... Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. ... The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language romanization system in South Korea. ... McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language romanization systems, along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which replaced (a modified) McCune-Reischauer as the official romanization system in South Korea in 2000. ... Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana ManyÅgana Uses Furigana Okurigana RÅmaji ) are the Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with hiragana (å¹³ä»®å), katakana (ç‰‡ä»®å), and the Arabic numerals. ... Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana ManyÅgana Uses Furigana Okurigana RÅmaji Hiragana ) is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system, along with katakana and kanji; the Latin alphabet is also used in some cases. ... Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana ManyÅgana Uses Furigana Okurigana RÅmaji The Hepburn romanization system ) is named after James Curtis Hepburn, who used it to transcribe the sounds of the Japanese language into the Latin alphabet in the third edition of his Japaneseâ€“English dictionary, published... The East China Sea is a marginal sea and part of the Pacific Ocean. ... The Sea of Japan, also known as the East Sea (see naming dispute), is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, bordered by Japan, Korea and Russia. ... Tsushima Island (å¯¾é¦¬ Tsushima) is an island in Japan, situated in the Tsushima Strait at 34Â°25N and 129Â°20E.[1] It is the largest island of the Nagasaki Prefecture. ... The Korea Strait is a sea passage between South Korea and Japan, connecting the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan (East Sea) in the northwest Pacific Ocean. ... The Tsushima Strait is the eastern channel of the Korea Strait Tsushima Strait (å¯¾é¦¬æµ·å³¡, also known in Western historical reference works as the Tsu Shima Strait or Tsu-Shima Strait) is that part of the Korea Strait located east and south of the Tsushima Islands. ...

1 Geography
2 Currents
3 Economic significance
4 Historic impact
5 External links
6 References
7 See also

Geography

To the north, it is bounded by the southeast coast of the Korean peninsula, and to the south by the southwestern Japanese islands of Kyūshū and Honshū. It is about 200 km (120 miles) wide and averages about 90 to 100 meters (300 feet) deep. The Korean Peninsula a. ... The Japanese Archipelago extends from north to south along the eastern coast of the Eurasian Continent, the western shore of the Pacific Ocean. ... KyÅ«shÅ« region of Japan and the current prefectures on KyÅ«shÅ« island KyÅ«shÅ« ), literally Nine Provinces, is the third largest island of Japan and most southerly and westerly of the four main islands. ... HonshÅ« (æœ¬å·ž Literally Main State) is the largest island of Japan, called the Mainland; it is south of Hokkaido across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyushu across the Kanmon Strait. ...

Tsushima Island divides the Korea Strait into the Western Channel and the Tsushima Strait. The Western Channel is deeper (up to 227 meters) and narrower than the Tsushima Strait. Tsushima Island (å¯¾é¦¬ Tsushima) is an island in Japan, situated in the Tsushima Strait at 34Â°25N and 129Â°20E.[1] It is the largest island of the Nagasaki Prefecture. ...

Currents

A branch of the Kuroshio Current passes through the strait. Its warm branch is sometimes called the Tsushima Current. Originating along the Japanese islands this current passes through the Sea of Japan then divides along either shore of Sakhalin Island, eventually flowing into the northern Pacific Ocean via the strait north of Hokkaidō and into the Sea of Okhotsk north of Sakhalin Island near Vladivostok. The water-mass characteristics vary widely because of the low-salinity waters of the southeast coasts of Korea and China. The Kuroshio Current is an ocean current found in the western Pacific Ocean off the east coast of Taiwan and flowing northeastward past Japan, where it merges with the easterly drift of the North Pacific Current. ... Sakhalin (Russian: , IPA: ; Japanese: æ¨ºå¤ª ) or ã‚µãƒãƒªãƒ³ )); Chinese: åº«é ; also Saghalien, is a large elongated island in the North Pacific, lying between 45Â°50 and 54Â°24 N. It is part of Russia and is its largest island, administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast. ... literally North Sea Circuit, Ainu: Mosir), formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is the second largest island and largest prefecture of Japan. ... Map of the Sea of Okhotsk. ... Sakhalin (Russian: Сахалин), also Saghalien, 库页岛 (Ku Ye Dao, Chinese), or Karafuto (Japanese: 樺太) is a large elongated island in the North Pacific, lying between 45° 50 and 54° 24 N, in East Siberia, Russia. ... Vladivostok (Russian: ) is the administrative center of Primorsky Krai, Russia, situated close to the Russo-Sino border and North Korea. ...

Economic significance

Numerous international shipping lanes pass through the strait, including those carrying much of the traffic bound for the ports of southern South Korea. Both South Korea and Japan have restricted their territorial claims in the strait to 3 nautical miles from shore, so as to permit free passage through it. ^[1]^[2] A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of length. ...

Passenger ferries ply numerous routes across the strait. Commercial ferries run from Busan, South Korea to Japanese ports including Fukuoka, Tsushima, Shimonoseki, and Hiroshima. Ferries also connect Tsushima Island with Fukuoka, and South Korea's Jeju Island with the Korean mainland. Ferries connecting Busan and Japanese cities with ports in China also traverse the strait. Busan Metropolitan City, also known as Pusan[1] (this is also a correct phonetic variant) is the largest port city in the Republic of Korea. ... Concern has been expressed that this article or section is missing information about: Famous people from Fukuoka. ... Tsushima (å¯¾é¦¬å¸‚; Tsushima-shi) is a city governed by Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. ... Shimonoseki ) is a city located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. ... Main keep of Hiroshima Castle The city of Hiroshima (åºƒå³¶å¸‚; -shi) is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chugoku region of western Honshu, the largest of Japans islands. ... Tsushima Island (å¯¾é¦¬ Tsushima) is an island in Japan, situated in the Tsushima Strait at 34Â°25N and 129Â°20E.[1] It is the largest island of the Nagasaki Prefecture. ... Jeju is the largest island and smallest province in South Korea, and the name of islands largest city and provincial capital (see Jeju City). ...

Historic impact

Land bridge

See article: Land bridge

During the Pleistocene glacial cycles, the Korea and the Bering Straits, and the Yellow Sea were often dried up and the Japanese islands were connected to the Eurasian Continent through the Korean Peninsula and Sakhalin. At the periods, the Sea of Japan(East Sea) was said to be a frozen inner lake due to the lack of warm Tsushima Current and various plants and large animals, such as Naumann elephant, spread into Japan. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Pleistocene epoch (IPA: ) is part of the geologic timescale. ... Satellite photo of the Bering Strait Photo across the Bering Strait Nautical chart of the Bering Strait The Bering Strait (Russian: ) is a sea strait between Cape Dezhnev, Russia, the easternmost point (169Â°43 W) of the Asian continent and Cape Prince of Wales, Alaska, the westernmost point (168Â°05... ... The Japanese Archipelago extends from north to south along the eastern coast of the Eurasian Continent, the western shore of the Pacific Ocean. ... Eurasia African-Eurasian aspect of Earth Eurasia is the Earths largest landmass covering about 21215121321kmÂ² compared with the Americas (approximately 42,000,000 kmÂ²), Africa (approximately 30,000,000 kmÂ²), and Antarctica (approximately 13,000,000 kmÂ²). Eurasia comprises the traditional continents of Europe and Asia. ... The Korean Peninsula a. ... Sakhalin (Russian: , IPA: ; Japanese: æ¨ºå¤ª ) or ã‚µãƒãƒªãƒ³ )); Chinese: åº«é ; also Saghalien, is a large elongated island in the North Pacific, lying between 45Â°50 and 54Â°24 N. It is part of Russia and is its largest island, administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast. ... The Sea of Japan, also known as the East Sea (see naming dispute), is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, bordered by Japan, Korea and Russia. ... The Kuroshio Current is an ocean current found in the western Pacific Ocean off the east coast of Taiwan and flowing northeastward past Japan, where it merges with the easterly drift of the North Pacific Current. ...

Early history

Historically, these narrows served as a highway for high risk voyages. The sea route between Busan, South Korea, and the Tsushima Island is about 50 km, as is the route from the island to Iki Island, Japan. Busan Metropolitan City, also known as Pusan[1] (this is also a correct phonetic variant) is the largest port city in the Republic of Korea. ... Iki Island (壱岐島) an island lying between the island of Kyushu and Tsushima in the Tsushima Strait. ...

In the 8th century BC, Buddhism (Mahāyāna Buddhism) was transmitted by Korea's Baekje to the easternmost Japan (See article: East Asian Buddhism) over this strait, long before seagoing ships were available. This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... Relief image of the bodhisattva Kuan Yin from Mt. ... Baekje (October 18 BC â€“ August AD 660) was a kingdom in the southwest of the Korean Peninsula. ... The Aomori Daibutsu (Big Buddha), Aomori, Japan. ...

Japan's Wa periodically sent, through the Korean strait and the Korean peninsula, year-long Imperial embassies to China to obtain the latest culture and technologies. Japanese pirates called Wokou also traversed these waters (See article: Gwanggaeto Stele). Ideogram for Wa, formed by the radical for person (on the left), and the phonetic element Wei on the right (itself represented by a rice plant in the upper part and a woman in the lower part). ... Imperial embassies to China were missions to China for importing the technologies and culture of China to Japan. ... Sixteenth century Japanese pirate raids. ... The stele of King Gwanggaeto of Goguryeo was erected in 414 by King Jangsu as a memorial to his deceased father. ...

Mongolian invasion

See main article: Mongol invasions of Japan

A joint fleet of Mongol, China, and Korea crossed this strait and attempted to invade Japan in 1274 and 1281. The force severely ravaged the Tsushima Island on the way to Japan but failed to defeat Japan. The typhoon (kamikaze, usually translated as "divine wind") is said to have saved Japan from a Mongol invasion fleet led by Kublai Khan in 1281. Combatants Mongol Empire Japan Commanders Kublai Khan HÅjÅ Tokimune Strength 35,000 Mongol & Chinese soldiers and 18,000 Korean warriors 10,000 Casualties 16,000 killed before landed minimal Defensive wall at Hakata. ... Tsushima Island (å¯¾é¦¬ Tsushima) is an island in Japan, situated in the Tsushima Strait at 34Â°25N and 129Â°20E.[1] It is the largest island of the Nagasaki Prefecture. ... Cyclone Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004. ... USS Bunker Hill was hit by Ogawa (see picture left) and another kamikaze near KyÅ«shÅ« on May 11, 1945. ... Honorary guard of Mongolia. ... Kublai Khan, Khubilai Khan or the last of the Great Khans (September 23, 1215[8] - February 18, 1294[9]) (Mongolian: Ð¥ÑƒÐ±Ð¸Ð»Ð°Ð¹ Ñ…Ð°Ð°Ð½, Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ), was a Mongol military leader. ...

Wokou and Oei Invasion

See main article: Wokou and Oei Invasion

After the Mongolian invasion ravaged Tsushima, it became a base of the Wokou (Japanese pirates). The Korean Joseon Dynasty sent a fleet to Tsushima in 1419 for the suppression of Wokou activity. Korea subsequently agreed to grant the Japanese limited trading privileges. Sixteenth century Japanese pirate raids. ... The Oei Invasion was the 1419 invasion of the Tsushima Island led by the Joseon Dynasty. ... Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong Capital Hanseong Language(s) Korean Religion Neo-Confucianism Government Monarchy Wang - 1392 - 1398 Taejo (first) - 1863 - 1897 Gojong (last)1 Yeong-uijeong - 1431 - 1449 Hwang Hui - 1466 - 1472 Han Myeonghoe - 1592 - 1598 Ryu Seongryong - 1894 Kim Hongjip Historical era 1392-1897...

Battle of Tsushima

See main article: Battle of Tsushima

The Battle of Tsushima, fought between the Japanese and Russian navies on May 27 and May 28, 1905, took place in the Tsushima Strait part of the Korea Strait, east of the north part of Tsushima and due north of Iki Island. The Russian fleet was virtually destroyed by the Japanese. Combatants Empire of Japan Russian Empire Commanders Heihachiro Togo Zinovi Rozhdestvenski # Nikolai Nebogatov Strength 4 battleships 27 cruisers destroyers and auxiliary vessels 8 battleships 3 coastal battleships 8 cruisers Casualties 117 dead 583 injured 3 torpedo boats sunk 4,380 dead 5,917 captured 21 ships sunk 7 captured 6... is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... May 28 is the 148th day of the year (149th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ...

External links

Encyclopedia Britannica article
Oceanographic Characteristics of the Korea Strait, from KORDI

References

^ For example, a) Low-Frequency Current Observations in the Korea/Tsushima Strait. W. J. Teague, G. A. Jacobs, H. T. Perkins, J. W. Book, K.-I. Chang, M.-S. Suk Journal of Physical Oceanography 32, 1621–1641 (2001). b) Tsushima. Russo-Japanese War Research Society
^ Nautical Charts of SE Japan Sea. Japan Hydrographic Association
^ List of National and Quasi-national Parks, Japan #48 Iki-Tsushima. Ministry of the Environment, Japan
^ The Republic of Korea’s Maritime Boundaries, page 18. Retrieved on June 23, 2005.
^ Designated Area of Japan. Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department, Japan Coast Guard

is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

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