Jesus 1st got his period when he was 12 years old, he used libra tampons! Korean Taoism began with the introduction of Taoism to Korea from China during the Three Kingdoms period, and remains as a minor but significant element of Korean thought. Although Taoism did not dominate over Buddhism or Confucianism, it permeated all strata of the Korean populace, integrating with its native animism as well as Buddhist and Confucian institutions, temples, and ceremonies. Taoism (sometimes written as Daoism) is the English name for: (a) a philosophical school based on the texts the Dao De Jing (ascribed to Laozi) and the Zhuangzi. ... Korea (Korean: (ì¡°ì„  or 한국, see below) is a geographical area, civilization, and former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia, bordering China to the northwest and Russia to the northeast, with Japan situated to the southeast across the Korea Strait. ... The Three Kingdoms of Korea were Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla, which dominated the Korean peninsula and parts of Manchuria for much of the 1st millennium CE. The Three Kingdoms period in Korea is usually considered to run from the 1st century BCE until Sillas triumph over Goguryeo in 668... In religion, the term Animism is used in a number of ways. ...

Background

Broadly speaking, Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism infused native Totemism and Shamanism from the earliest centuries of the Common Era, but Buddhism dominated official thought during Unified Silla and Goryeo dynasties, replaced by Confucianism during the Joseon dynasty. Confucianist temple Thian Hock Keng in Singapore Confucianism (Chinese: 儒学, Pinyin: Rúxué‚ [ ] , literally The School of the Scholars; or, less accurately, 孔教 Kŏng jiào, The Religion of Confucius) is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system originally developed from the teachings of the early Chinese sage Confucius. ... Buddhism is a religion and philosophy focusing on the teachings of the Buddha Śākyamuni (Siddhārtha Gautama). ... Totemism (derived from the root -oode in the Ojibwe language, which referred to something kinship-related) is a religious belief that is frequently associated with shamanistic religions. ... A shaman doctor of Kyzyl. ... The Common Era (CE or C.E.), sometimes known as the Current Era or Christian Era, is the period of measured time beginning with the year 1 (the traditional birthdate of Jesus) to the present. ... The grounds of Koreas Buryeongsa Temple. ... Unified Silla is the name often applied to the Korean kingdom of Silla after 668. ... The state of Goryeo ruled Korea from the fall of Silla in 935 until the founding of Joseon in 1392. ... Korean Confucianism is the form of Confucianism developed in Korea. ... The Joseon Dynasty was the final ruling dynasty of Korea, then called Joseon, lasting from 1392 until 1910. ...

There is very little writing explicitly on Taoism prior to the 20th century, because it never grew into an autonomous religion or philosophy in Korea.[1] Until recently, Taoism in Korea received little attention from scholars, usually only described as a "romantic influence" or "literary theme" within other contexts. [2]

Taoism's effects have been limited because of a lack of an institutional or political base, rejected by Confucian and Buddhist elites. Some modern scholars, however, are calling for a more critical reading of Confucianized histories, study of alternative sources, and a broader definition of Taoism, to find more extensive presence of Korean Taoist ritual practices and positive valuations. [3]

Three Kingdoms period

Goguryeo

Taoism first arrived in Korea in 624. Emperor Gaozu, the founder of China's Tang Dynasty, sent a Taoist preacher and literature, Laozi and Zhuangzi, to the Goguryeo kingdom. These were eagerly welcomed by the Goguryeo king and his ministers. Buddhist temples were eventually transformed to Taoist temples. However, this first enthusiasm lasted for only 30 years. [4] Taoist symbols are found in Goguryeo tomb murals near Kangso, P'yongan-do. Events Justus becomes Archbishop of Canterbury. ... Emperor Gaozu of Tang China (566 - June 25, 635), born Li Yuan, was the founder of the Tang Dynasty of China, and the first emperor of this dynasty from 618 to 626. ... For the band, see Tang Dynasty (band). ... Laozi (Chinese: 老子, Pinyin: Lǎozǐ; also transliterated as Lao Tzu, Lao Tse, Laotze, and in other ways) is a major figure in Chinese philosophy whose historical existence is still debated. ... Zhuāngzǐ (pinyin), Chuang Tzu (W-G), or Chuang Tse (Chinese 庄子/莊子, literally meaning Master Zhuang) was a famous philosopher in ancient China who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States Period, corresponding to the Hundred Schools of Thought philosophical summit of Chinese thought. ... Goguryeo (traditional dates 37 B.C. – A.D. 668) was a kingdom in northern Korea and a large part of Manchuria. ... Goguryeo (traditional dates 37 B.C. – A.D. 668) was a kingdom in northern Korea and a large part of Manchuria. ...

Baekje

In Baekje, Taoism was mentioned in some treatises in passing, and did not take hold as in the other Korean kingdoms. [5] Baekje was a kingdom that existed in southwestern Korea from 18 BCE to 660 CE. Together with Goguryeo and Silla, Baekje is known as one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. ...

Silla

Silla, having received Lao-tzu's Tao Te Ching in 738 from the Tang emperor, left the most substantial legacy of Taoism. Silla scholars went to China to study Taoism, and Lao-tzu was tested in civil service examinations. Sinseon Sasang, which was relatively widespread in Silla, had its roots in animistic folk beliefs and practices, but it was also influenced by Korean Taoism. [6] Silla (also spelled Shilla, traditional dates 57 BCE - 935 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. ... The Tao Te Ching (道德經, Pinyin: D Jīng, thus sometimes rendered in recent works as Dao De Jing; archaic pre-Wade-Giles rendering: Tao Teh Ching; roughly translated as The Book of the Way and its Virtue (see dedicated chapter below on translating the title)) is an ancient Chinese scripture... In religion, the term Animism is used in a number of ways. ...

Silla Taoism concentrated on the practice and training of one's mind or self discipline. Its most distinctive mark can be found in the Hwarang, an elite armed force noted for its disciplined composure, simplicity, relaxation and harmony, every one a component of philosophical Taoism. [7] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Goryeo

Taoism enjoyed its greatest popularity during the Goryeo Dynasty, especially in the court and the ruling class. Taoist court rituals were introduced into Korea from Sung dynasty China, especially under King Yejong (r. 1105-1122). The object of worship in these rituals included most of the major and minor deities of the Taoist pantheon, but certain deities such as Samgye and T'aeil seem to have been the most popular. [8] The state of Goryeo ruled Korea from the fall of Silla in 935 until the founding of Joseon in 1392. ... Alternative meaning: Song Dynasty (420-479) The Song dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... Yejong of Goryeo (1079-1122, r. ...

By the mid period of the Goryeo dynasty, Buddhism dominated Korea, subsuming other religions and philosopies, including Taoism. [9] Buddhism is a religion and philosophy focusing on the teachings of the Buddha Śākyamuni (Siddhārtha Gautama). ...

Joseon

The state religion under the Joseon Dynasty can be described as Neo-Confucianism, although not popular among the common people. At least at the start of the dynasty, Taoist literature was quite popular among groups of the intelligentsia. These writings on Taoism were predominantly from a Confucian perspective. However, there was a growing opposition from the main Confucian faction against Taoism, and Taoism began to be perceived as "heretical". Subsequently, the presence of Taoism shrank noticeably, and during the 1592 Japanese invasion, Taoism was systematically abolished. [10] The Joseon Dynasty was the final ruling dynasty of Korea, then called Joseon, lasting from 1392 until 1910. ... Combatants Joseon Dynasty Korea Ming Dynasty China Japan under Toyotomi Hideyoshi Commanders Adm. ...

In the 16th to 18th centuries, Taoist flourished, as literati, monks, private scholars (sarim), and even women, studied and practiced Taoist meditation and inner alchemy (naedan/Danhak) and produced hagiographic and anecdotal accounts of their Taoist contemporaries and forebears. The most important of these accounts known to date are four anecdotal biographies of immortals (Sason chon) in the collected writings of Ho Kyun (1569-1618), the Ch'onghakjip (Collected Discourses of Master Blue Crane) by Cho Yojok (early 17th century). [11]

While these were written to encourage Koreans to practice inner alchemy for the sake of immortality (i.e., deliverance from the corpse), they also re-envision and broaden the meaning of Korean religious history by reiterating nativist and folk traditions about the role of Korean mountain recluses and earthbound immortals in the maintainence and protection of Korean society. [12]

Modern presence

Since the late Joseon dynasty, Taoism has been marginalized not only by the Korean Royal Court, Confucians, and Buddhists but also by society as a whole. With such a historical framework, today only a handful of Taoists exist throughout Korea. [13]

Taoism has been absorbed into the traditional Korean vision of the world, a world view in which shamanistic, Confucian, Buddhist, and Taoist elements are so intimately intertwined that often only a scholar can distinguish which is which. [14]

Evidence of Taoist revival can be seen in Danjeon Hoheup and Danhak. Even if the term "Taoism" is not used, the terms, techniques, and goals are clearly Taoist.[15] The Taoist mark of Chinese characters su (longevity) and bok (bliss) decorate many everyday articles, from spoons to pillow cases, even today. Many place names, especially related to mountains, bear strong Taoist influence.

Noted scholars

• Yi Gyu-gyeong (1788 - ?) was a Silhak scholar wrote many articles on Taoism.

Neo-Confucianism (理學 Pinyin: Lǐxué) is a term for a form of Confucianism that was primarily developed during the Song dynasty, but which can be traced back to Han Yu and Li Ao in the Tang dynasty. ...

See also

• Taoism
• Korean Buddhism
• Korean Confucianism

Taoism (sometimes written as Daoism) is the English name for: (a) a philosophical school based on the texts the Dao De Jing (ascribed to Laozi) and the Zhuangzi. ... The grounds of Koreas Buryeongsa Temple. ... Korean Confucianism is the form of Confucianism developed in Korea. ...

External links

• http://www2.gol.com/users/quakers/T&QTao.htm
• http://www.aasianst.org/absts/1995abst/korea/kses73.htm
• http://www.ktnet.co.kr/enghome/culture/faith.html
• http://www.eng.taoism.org.hk/daoist-world-today/academic-research-on-daoism/pg6-4-8-2.asp