Coordinates: 11.25° N 74.8° E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Kozhikode
Kozhikode
State	Kerala
Headquarters	Kozhikode
Coordinates	11.25° N 74.8° E
Area
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
Population  - Density	2,879,131  - 1,228/km²
Abbreviation (ISO)	IN-KL-

Kozhikode District is a district of Kerala state, situated on the southwest coast of India. The town of Kozhikode, formerly known as Calicut, is the district headquarters. This is the third-most advanced district in Kerala. It is 38.25% urbanised. [1] Image File history File links India-locator-map-blank. ... Image File history File links Red_pog. ... India is subdivided into twenty-eight states and seven union territories; the states and territories are themselves further subdivided. ...   (IPA: ; , Written as േകരളം in the native language Malayalam) is a state on the Western Coast of south-western India. ... The divisions of a district. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Indian Standard Time (IST) is the time zone for India. ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... India is subdivided into twenty-eight states and seven union territories; the states and territories are themselves further subdivided. ... ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard. ... ISO 3166-2 for India (ISO 3166-1 : IN) The purpose of this family of standards is to establish a worldwide series of short abbreviations for places, for use on package labels, containers and such. ...   (IPA: ; , Written as േകരളം in the native language Malayalam) is a state on the Western Coast of south-western India. ... For the district with the same name, see Kozhikode District. ...

The district is bounded by the districts of Kannur to the north, Wayanad to the east, and Malappuram to the south, and by the Arabian Sea in the west. It is situated between latitudes 11° 08'N and 11° 50'N and longitudes 75° 30'E and 76° 8'E. For the town with the same name, see Kannur. ... For the district with the same name, see Wayanad District. ... For the town with the same name, see Malappuram. ... Map of the Arabian Sea. ...

The district is divided into three taluks, Vadakara, Koyilandy, and Kozhikode. A Tehsil is an administrative subdivision or tier of local government in some South Asian countries. ... Vatakara is a small town in Kozhikode district of Kerala in south India). ... Koyilandy is a small town in Kozhikode District of Kerala state, south India. ...

Administrative History

Present-day Kozhikode District was among territories ceded to the British East India Company by Tipu Sultan of Mysore in 1792, at the conclusion of the Third Anglo-Mysore War. The newly-acquired British possessions on the Malabar Coast were organized into Malabar District, which included the present-day districts of Kannur, Kozhikode, Malappuram, and Palakkad, and Wayanad. Calicut served as the administrative headquarters of the district. Malabar District was part of the Madras Presidency, a province of British India. The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was one of the first joint-stock companies. ... A potrait of Tippu Sultan by Edward Orme (1774 -1822). ... Flag of former princely state of Mysore. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Third Anglo-Mysore War (1789-1792) was a war in South India between the Kingdom of Mysore and the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... Malabar Coast, Kerala Bekal Fort Beach, Kerala The Malabar Coast also known as the Malabarian Coast, is a long and narrow south-western shore line of the mainland Indian subcontinent. ... Malabar District was an administrative district of British India and independent Indias Madras State. ... Sri Killikkurussi Mahadeva Kshetram ( Shiva temple of Kiillikkurussimangalam). ... Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. ... British India (otherwise known as The British Raj) was a historical period during which most of the Indian subcontinent, or present-day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar, were under the colonial authority of the British Empire (Undivided India). ...

After India's Independence in 1947, Madras Presidency became Madras state name, which was divided along linguistic lines by the state names Reorganisation Act in 1956. On 1 November 1956, Malabar District was combined with the erstwhile state of Travancore-Cochin and Kasaragod District to form the state of Kerala. November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... Year 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Thiru-Kochi, formerly known as Travancore-Cochin, is a former state of India. ... Bekal Fort Beach Kasargod (also spelled Kasargode or Kasarkode) is the northern-most district in the state of Kerala, south India. ...   (IPA: ; , Written as േകരളം in the native language Malayalam) is a state on the Western Coast of south-western India. ...

Malabar District was considered too large for effective administration, so it was divided into the districts of Kozhikode, Kannur, and Palakkad on 1 January 1957. The district had five taluks, Vadakara, Koyilandy, Kozhikode, Ernad and Tirur. On 16 June 1969 Ernad and Tirur Taluks became part of newly-created Malappuram District. South Wayanad, which forms the southern portion of present-day Wayanad District, was added to Kozhikode for a time, but in 1980 became part of newly-created Wayanad District. January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Tirur is a city and a municipality in Malappuram district in the Indian state of Kerala. ... June 16 is the 167th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (168th in leap years), with 198 days remaining. ... For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ...

History

Calicut is the anglicised form of ‘Kalikut’, Arabic for the Malayalam name Kozhikode. It is also called the Cock Fort. According to the historian K.V. Krishnan Iyer, the term means koyil (palace) kodu (fortified). The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Malayalam (മലയാളം ) is the language spoken predominantly in the state of Kerala, in southern India. ...

The ports of the Malabar Coast have been participated in the Indian Ocean trade in spices, silk, and other goods for over two millennia. Kozhikode emerged as the centre of an independent kingdom in the 14th century, whose ruler was known as the Zamorin. Malabar Coast, Kerala Bekal Fort Beach, Kerala The Malabar Coast also known as the Malabarian Coast, is a long and narrow south-western shore line of the mainland Indian subcontinent. ... Zamorin is the anglicised version of Samoothirippadu or Samoothiri or Swamy Thirumulpad, a title of the rulers of the erstwhile Hindu state of Kozhikode (previously known as Calicut)(Nediyirippu Swarupam), located in the present day state of Kerala, India, between the 14th and 18th century AD. Manavikraman Raja, the Samoothiri...

Admiral Zheng He's navigation chart from Hormuz to Calicut, 1430

During the Yong Le era of the Ming Dynasty of China, Admiral Zheng He and his treasure fleet visited Kozhikode. Their visits were documented by on-board Arab language translators Ma Huan, Fei Xin and Gong Zheng. Each one of them published a book documented their visits to various countries, including Calicut. Ma Huan’s book "Ying yai Sheng lan" (translated into English as The Overall Survey of the Ocean Shores) contains the following observations of Kozhikode: Image File history File links Download high resolution version (588x800, 77 KB) Summary Admiral Zheng Hos stellar navigation diagram Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Kozhikode ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (588x800, 77 KB) Summary Admiral Zheng Hos stellar navigation diagram Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Kozhikode ... For other uses, see Ming. ... Zheng He (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Cheng Ho; Birth name: 馬三寶 / 马三宝; pinyin: ; Arabic name: حجّي محمود Hajji Mahmud) (1371–1433), was a famous Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat and fleet admiral, who made the voyages collectively referred to as the travels of Eunuch Sanbao to the Western Ocean (Chinese: 三保太監下西洋) or... A page from Ming dynasty woodcut printed edtion of Ying-yai Sheng-lan by Ma Huan Ma Huan(Chinese 马欢),courtesy name Chung-dao宗道, pen name Mountain-woodcutter, born in Hui Ji county of Zhejiang province. ...

• Calicut was a large kingdom on the West Ocean, bordering Coimbatore kingdom to the east, Kochi to the south, and Honavar to the north.
• The king of Calicut (Vana Vikraman) was a Brahmin, a Buddhist; his chiefs were Muslims.
• The throne pass to the king's sister's son.
• In the fifth year of Yong Le 1407, the emperor of Ming dynasty ordered Admiral Zheng He to deliver an imperial honor to King of Calicut, with grant of silver seal, and promoted the chiefs with titles and awards of hats and girdles of different grades.
• Admiral Zheng He erected a pavilion with ceremonial stone tablet in Calicut to celebrate this event.
• The king minted fanam coins of 60% gold and also silver coins as currency.
• The people of Calicut were honest and trustworthy.
• The people of Calicut made silk out of silkworn, and dyed silk into different colors.
• Main produce in Calicut were turnips, onions, ginger, eggplants in four seasons; also red and white rice, but no wheat.
• The king of Calicut ordered craftsmen to draw fifty ounces of gold into hair-like fine threads, and weaved them into ribbon to make a gold girdle embedded with pearls and precious stones of all sort of colors, and sent envoy Naina (Narayana) to present the gold girdle to the Ming emperor as tribute.
• According to Ming dynasty Imperial Guard Recruitment Record, Nanking area town guard chief Shaban was a native of Calicut. He was recruited to join Zheng He’s expedition, and was promoted on his return. Another officer Shasozu from Nanking military division was also a native from Calicut, who joined Zheng He’s expedition and too was promoted.

Admiral Zheng He later re-visited Calicut several times. On April of 1433 during his 6th and last expedition, he died in Calicut. The ceremonial stone tablet erected by Zheng He stood at least another two hundred years in Calicut; Jesuit Godinho de Eredia wrote that he saw this tablet in 1613. Coimbatore   (Tamil: கோயம்பத்தூர்), also known as Kovai (Tamil: கோவை), is a major industrial city in India. ... Kochi (Malayalam: കൊച്ചി []), formerly known as Cochin, is the largest city in the state of Kerala, India, and one of the principal seaports in the country. ... Honavar is a coastal town in the North Kanara District of Karnataka, India. ... Events November 20 - A solemn truce between John, Duke of Burgundy and Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans is agreed under the auspicies of John, Duke of Berry. ... Silk weaver Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. ... Binomial name Brassica rapa L. Subsp. ... For the parody newspaper, see The Onion. ... Binomial name Zingiber officinale Roscoe Ginger is used extensively as a spice in cuisines throughout the world. ... Events Births June 23 - Francis II, Duke of Brittany Kettil Karlsson Vasa, later Regent of Sweden. ... Events January - Galileo observes Neptune, but mistakes it for a star and so is not credited with its discovery. ...

Vasco da Gama landed at Kappad (18 kilometers north of Kozhikode) in May 1498, as the leader of a trade mission from Portugal and was received by the Zamorin himself. During the 16th century the Portuguese set up trading posts to the north in Kannur and to the south in Kochi, but the Zamorin resisted the establishment of a permanent Portuguese presence in the city, although in 1509 the kingdom was forced to accept a Portuguese trading post in Chaliyar. The Zamorins later allied with Portuguese's rivals the Dutch, and by the mid-17th century the Dutch had captured the Malabar Coast spice trade from the Portuguese. In the 1766 Hyder Ali of Mysore captured Kozhikode and much of northern Malabar Coast, and came into conflict with the British based in Madras, which resulted in four Anglo-Mysore Wars. Dom Vasco da Gama (IPA: (Sines or Vidigueira, Alentejo, Portugal, c. ... 1498 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Zamorin is the anglicised version of Samoothirippadu or Samoothiri or Swamy Thirumulpad, a title of the rulers of the erstwhile Hindu state of Kozhikode (previously known as Calicut)(Nediyirippu Swarupam), located in the present day state of Kerala, India, between the 14th and 18th century AD. Manavikraman Raja, the Samoothiri... For the district with the name Kannur, see Kannur District. ... Kochi (Malayalam: കൊച്ചി []), formerly known as Cochin, is the largest city in the state of Kerala, India, and one of the principal seaports in the country. ... 1509 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1766 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Hyder Ali or Haidar Ali (c. ... Flag of former princely state of Mysore. ... Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. ... The Anglo-Mysore Wars were a series of eighteenth-century wars fought in India between the Kingdom of Mysore (then a French ally) and the British East-India Company, represented chiefly by the Madras Presidency. ...

Climate

The district has a generally humid climate with a very hot season extending from March to May. The most important rainy season is during the South West Monsoon, which sets in the first week of June and extends up to September. The North East Monsoon extends from the second half of October through November. The average annual rainfall is 3266 mm. The best weather is found in towards the end of the year, in December and January — the skies are clear, and the air is crisp. The highest temperature recorded was 39.4 ºC in March 1975. The lowest was 14 ºC recorded on 26 December 1975. Monsoon in the Vindhya mountain range, central India A monsoon is a wind pattern that changes direction depending on the specific season. ... December 26 is the 360th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, 361st in leap years. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ...

People

The centuries of trade across the Indian Ocean gave Kozhikode a cosmopolitan population. Hindus constitute the majority of the population, and next come the Muslim and the Christian communities respectively. The Muslims of Kozhikode District are known as Mappilas. A great majority of them are Sunnis following the Shafi School of thought. Christianity is believed to have been introduced in Kerala in 52 CE, and the Christian population expanded with the presence of the Portuguese, Dutch, and British starting in the 16th century. This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ... Christians believe that Jesus is the mediator of the New Covenant (see Hebrews 8:6). ... The Mappilas (historically called Moplahs) are a Muslim community in Kerala and neighbouring states and territories of India. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Shafii is one of the four schools of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam. ... A Roman law prohibits the execution of old and crippled slaves. ...

Media

Kozhikode occupies a prominent place in the history of Malayalam Journalism. The origin of journalism in this district can be traced back to 1880. The Kerala Pathrika is likely to be the earliest newspaper published from Kozhikode. Keralam, Kerala Sanchari and Bharath Vilasam are among the Other newspapers published from Kozhikode before 1893. The two major Malayalam newspapers, the [www.malayalamanorama.com Malayala Manorama] and the [www.mathrubhumi.com Mathrubhoomi] bring out Kozhikode editions. one of the major national dailies in English, the [www.indianexpress.com New Indian Express] also has its edition in the city. The Hindu also has its office in the city. Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... For the article regarding followers of Hinduism, please see Hindu The Hindu is a leading English-language newspaper in India, with its largest base of circulation in south India. ...

The Kozhikode station of All India Radio was commissioned on 14 May 1950 and it has two transmitters, Kozhikode A of 10 kilowatt power and Kozhikode B (Vividh Bharathi) of 1 kilowatt power. A television transmitter has been functioning in Kozhikode from 3 July 1984, relaying programmes from Delhi and Thiruvananthapuram Doordarshan. Cable and satellite television are also available in many parts of the district. // All India Radio (AIR for short), officially known as Akashwani (Devanagari: आकाशवाणी, ākāshvānÄ«) is the radio broadcaster of India and a division of Prasar Bharati (Broadcasting Corporation of India), an autonomous corporation of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. ... May 14 is the 134th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (135th in leap years). ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 181 days remaining. ... 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... Thiruvananthapuram   (Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം TiruvanÅ­ntapuraṁ), formerly known as Trivandrum, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of the Thiruvananthapuram District. ... nikatdarshan () is a Public broadcast Terrestrial television channel run by Prasar Bharati, a board nominated by the Government of India. ...

Places of interest

The temples and mosques of this district contain sculptures and inscriptions which are of considerable interest to the students of art. Kozhikode town itself has many temples, the most important of which are the Tali Temple, Thiruvannur Temple, Azhakodi Temple, Valayanadu Temple, Varakkal Temple, Bilathikulam Temple, Bhairagi Madam Temple, and the Lokanarkavu temple. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

There is an art gallery and Krishna Menon Museum at East Hill in Kozhikode. Lalitha Kala Academy also has an art gallery adjacent to the Kozhikode town hall. There is a planetarium, situated in the heart of the city near Jaffer Khan Colony. Kozhikode Beach and Mananchira Square are other popular gathering spots. V.K. Krishna Menon Vengalil Krishnan (V.K.) Krishna Menon (May 3, 1897 - October 6, 1974) was an Indian nationalist and politician. ...

Thusharagiri, a very beautiful Waterfall is about 55 km from Calicut Railway Station. Thusharagiri is served by a KTDC (Kerala Tourism Development Corporation) hotel.

Culture & Cuisine

In the field of Malayalam Language and literature Kozhikode has made most significant contributions. The district is famous for folk songs or ballads known as Vadakkan Pattukal. The most popular songs among them are those which celebrate the exploits of Thacholi Othenan. One of the favourite past times of the Muslims of the district is the singing of the Mappilapattu and Oppana. The songs are composed in a composite language of Arabic and Malayalam. The famous intellectual debate for vedic scholars to win the coveted position of Pattathanam takes place at Thali temple during the month of Thulam. Thacholi Meppayil Kunhu Othenan was a legendary warrior from North Kerala who lived at the end of the 16th century. ... This is a popular form of social entertainment among the Muslim community of Kerala prevalent all over, especially in the northern districts of Canaonore, Calicut and Malappuram. ... Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ... Malayalam (മലയാളം ) is the language spoken predominantly in the state of Kerala, in southern India. ...

Kozhikode also has strong associations with two things — ghazals and football. The game has a huge fan following here, and the Football World Cup is followed with even greater enthusiasm than the unofficial national sport of India — cricket. Local clubs even pick favourites among competing nations, and vociferously support their teams. This article is about the poetic form. ...

The city also has a strong mercantile streak to it, with the major vein of commerce being the "Mithai Theruvu", a long street crammed with shops that sell everything from sarees to cosmetics, and house hotels to sweetmeat shops. The name "Mithai Theruvu or "S M Street" comes from the famous sweet 'Kozhidoe Halwa' which was often called as the Sweet Meat by European traders. The multi cultural mix of Kozhikode ensures that Onam, Christmas and Id-ul-Fitr (the festivals of the Hindus, Christians and Muslims) are celebrated with equal pomp. Onam (Malayalam: ഓണം) is an annual harvest festival, celebrated mainly in the Indian state of Kerala. ... Christmas is an annual holiday that marks the birth of Jesus Christ of Nazareth. ... Eid ul-Fitr (Arabic: عيد الفطر), often abbreviated as simply Eid, is an Islamic holiday that marks the end of Ramadan, the month of fasting. ...

Kozhikode also offers fare for every palate. Vegetarian fare includes the 'sadya' (the full-fledged feast with rice, sambhar, and seven different curries and pappadum). However, the non-vegetarian food offered in the city is a unique mix of Muslim and Christian preparations. Some popular dishes include the Biriyani, Ghee Rice with meat curry, a whole host of sea-food preparations (prawns, mussels, mackerel, sea-fish) and paper thin Pathiris to provide accompaniment to spicy gravy. Another well known Kozhikode speciality are banana chips, which are made crisp and wafer thin, and the 'Kozhikode Halwa' .

Educational institutions

Calicut Medical College[2]: One of the most prestigious medical institutions in India. The Institution recently made headlines by creating the Calicut Medical Journal, the premier Open Access Medical Journal in India.

National Institute of Technology: One of the most renowned engineering institutions in India. It was formerly known as Regional Engineering College (REC) and was affiliated to University of Calicut. It is now a deemed university. National Institute of Technology Calicut (Hindi: राष्ट्रीय प्रौद्योगिकी संस्थान कालिकट) or NITC or NIT Calicut in the city of Calicut (Kozhikode), Kerala is one of the premier institutions for technical education in India. ...

Indian Institutes of Management: The latest in the IIM series, this institution was ranked in the top 10 B-schools in India. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Zamorins Guruvayurappan College: One of the oldest and most prestigious colleges in the country, founded by Zamorins of Kozhikode. This article needs cleanup. ... Zamorin, a title of the kings of Kozhikode (Calicut) The Samoothiri Raja (anglicized as Zamorin) were the erstwhile rulers of Kozhikode (Calicut). ...

St. Joseph's College, Devagiri: A prestigious arts and science college, accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) with a grade A. The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) is an accreditor and is an autonomous body funded by University Grants Commission of Government of India based in Bangalore. ...

Farook College, Kozhikode:The only College in Calicut University to be recognised as a Center of Excellence by the UGC and accredited at 5 star level by NAAC.

Government Engineering College Kozhikode: It is one among the prestigious engineering institutions under the Department of Technical Education, Kerala. GEC has been rated consistently among the top technical institutes in Kerala. The Government Engineering College, Trivandrum (short names: GEC, GECBH) (Entrance Commission: TRV) was started by the Government Of Kerala in August 1999. ... For the district with the same name, see Kozhikode District. ...

See also

• History of Medical Education in Kozhikode
• Ma Huan: Ying-yai Sheng Lan (Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores) [1433] translation with notes by J.V.G Mills, 1970. Hakluyt Society, London; Reprint 1997, White Lotus Press, Bangkok. ISBN 974-8496-78-3

External links

• Kozhikode District official website
• Kozhikode's Pulse on the net(calicutcity.com)
• Kozhikode at Wikitravel
• Glimpses of Kozhikode
• Vellimadukunnu, A Place in Kozhikode
• Calicut Medical Journal
• Calicut Medical College
• Calicut Medical College Network
• National Institute of Technology, Kozhikode
• College of Applied Science
• IIM Kozhikode
• Zamorin's Guruvayurappan College, Kozhikode
• Sunny Markaz Kozhikode
• Calicut University News
• St. Joseph's College, Devagiri
• Government Engineering College, Kozhikode