Kremnica
Region (kraj)	Banská Bystrica Region
District (okres)	Žiar nad Hronom
Location	48°41′59″N, 18°54′57″E
Altitude	550 m
Population	5,543 (as of 2006-09-06)
Area	43.13 km²
Time Zone • Summer DST	CET: UTC+1 CEST: UTC+2
Telephone prefix	+421-45
Postal code	96701
Car registration plate	ZH

Kremnica (German: Kremnitz, Hungarian: Körmöcbánya) is a town in central Slovakia. It has some 5,700 inhabitants. The well-preserved medieval town built above important gold mines is the site of the oldest still-working mint in the world. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Slovakia is subdivided into 8 kraje (singular - kraj, usually translated as regions, but actually meaning rather county), each of which is named after their principal city. ... Banská Bystrica Region The Banská Bystrica Region (Slovak:Banskobystrický kraj) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions. ... An okres (in English district) is an administrative unit in Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District (Slovak: okres Žiar nad Hronom) is a district in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ... The metre (or meter, see spelling differences) is a measure of length. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Daylight saving time around the world  DST used  DST no longer used  DST never used Daylight saving time (DST), also summer time in British English, is the convention of advancing clocks so that afternoons have more daylight and mornings have less. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries not observing summer time Central European Time (CET) is one of the names of the time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Central European Time West Africa Time British Summer Time* Irish Summer Time* Western European Summer Time* Category: ... Central European Summer Time (CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Eastern European Time Central Africa Time Israel Standard Time South Africa Standard Time Central European Summer Time West Africa Summer Time Category: ... A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating telephone number ranges to countries, regions, areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks such as mobile phone networks. ... Postal codes are generally clearly visible outside local Australian post offices. ... Since 1997, the Slovak car registration plate number (Slovak: EÄŒV, evidenčné číslo vozidla) generally takes the form XX-NNNYY, where XX is a two letter code corresponding to a district (okres), NNN is three digit number and YY are two letters (assigned alphabetically). ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 641 × 313 pixelsFull resolution (641 × 313 pixel, file size: 79 KB, MIME type: image/png) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kremnica ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... MiNT (MiNT is Now TOS) is an alternative operating system (OS) kernel for the Atari ST computer and its successors which is free software. ...

History

Kremnica was among the major mining towns of the world during the Middle Ages and Modern Times period due to the abundant gold ore deposits in Kremnica Mountains. However, the first evidence of subsurface mining activities comes from the 9th century. This article is about mineral extraction. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... This article is confusing for some readers, and needs to be edited for clarity. ... Location of Kremnica Mountains in Slovakia (in gray) ÄŽurova skala hill The Kremnica Mountains (Slovak: ) are a volcanic mountain range in central Slovakia. ...

In the 13th century the inhabitants of this area were affected by the invasion of Mongols. After that disastrous event, Hungarian kings invited new colonist from Germany to replenish the decimated population. They are supposed to have restored the mining activities in the town. The first written reference to the town dates back to 1328, when it was granted royal town privileges by King Charles I of Hungary. Combatants Kingdom of Hungary Golden Horde (Mongol Empire) Commanders King Béla IV , Batu Khan, Subotai Strength approximately 15,000 around 20,000-30,000 (mostly cavalry) Casualties 10,000 lost unknown The Battle of Mohi, or Battle of the Sajó River, (on April 11, 1241) was the main battle... Town privileges was an important feature of European towns during most of the 2nd millenium. ... Charles I of Hungary Charles I of Hungary (Anjou France 1288 or 1291–Visegrád, Hungary July 16, 1342), also called Charles Robert, Carobert and Charles I Robert, was the king of Hungary from August 27, 1310. ...

The town's mint is known to have existed already at that time. Since 1335 it coined golden florins and later famous "Kremnica ducats", which were used as international means of payment for their constantly high purity of gold. It was the most important mint, and later the only one, in the Kingdom of Hungary, in Czechoslovakia and in Slovakia; the prosperity brought to the town led to it being nicknamed "Golden Kremnica". The back of an Italian florin coin The front of an Italian florin coin The florin was struck from 1252 to 1523 with no significant change in its design or metal content standard. ... The ducat (IPA: ) is a gold coin that was used as a trade currency throughout Europe before World War I. Its weight is 3. ... The Kingdom of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyar Királyság) is the name of a multiethnic kingdom that existed in Central Europe from 1000 to 1918. ...

In 1331, Kremnica became the seat of the Chamber Count (Kammergraf) who was the head of the most important mining and minting chamber of the Kingdom of Hungary. The Count administrated in the Middle Ages all the mines and mints in twelve counties of the kingdom. Map of the counties in the Kingdom of Hungary around 1880 A comitatus (less frequently, a comitat, or, inaccurately, a county; for the various names, their origin and use see here) is the name of an administrative unit in the Kingdom of Hungary from the 10th century to 1918. ...

At the end of the 14th century, Kremnica became the capital of the mining towns in Central Slovakia. The annual production of gold and silver guaranteed the development of the town. In the 15th century Kreminca was the second most important city in the Kingdom of Hungary. The town was continuously being granted new privileges and the deputies of the town occupied the second place in the Hungarian Diet (the first place was reserved for the representatives of Buda, the capital of the Kingdom). Buda (German: Ofen, Croatian: Budim, Slovak: Budín, Serbian: Будим or Budim, Turkish: Budin) is the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest on the right bank of the Danube. ...

Gold mining and coin production in Kremnica culminated in the 14th and 15th centuries. As one of the most important centers of Protestant Reformation in the country, the town belonged to the Protestant "League of Seven Mining Towns" together with Banská Belá, Banská Bystrica, Banská Štiavnica, Ľubietová, Nová Baňa, and Pukanec. In the 16th century, the town was a major center of production of (mostly religious) medals, especially by Joachim Deschler. But in the same time, the miners had to move deeper and the mining conditions deteriorated because of the underground water. The cost of mining increased and the mining was becoming less profitable. The last gold was extracted in Kremnica in 1970, when all the mines were closed. The Reformation was a movement in the years of the 16th century to reform the Catholic Church in Western Europe. ... Banská Belá is a village and municipality in Banská Å tiavnica District, in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia. ... Banská Bystrica (German: Neusohl, Hungarian: Besztercebánya) is a town in central Slovakia, in the Hron river valley, surrounded by the mountains Nízke Tatry, Veľká Fatra, and Kremnické vrchy. ... Banská Å tiavnica (German: , Hungarian: ) is a town in central Slovakia, in the middle of an immense caldera created by the collapse of an ancient volcano. ... Location of the nearby town of Banská Bystrica within Slovakia Ľubietová (German: ; Hungarian: ) is a village in central Slovakia. ... Nová Baňa is small town in the west of central Slovakia and largest town of Žarnovica District located in Banská Bystrica region. ... Pukanec is a village and municipality in the Levice District in the Nitra Region of southern Slovakia. ...

Kremnica Castle and other landmarks

The castle built in the 13th through 15th centuries towers over the town. In the first half of the 14th century, it became the residence of the Chamber Count. The seat was immediately fortified with a double wall containing several bastions and towers. The castle represents a unique example of a very well preserved fortification system in Central Europe. In the 14th century, it developed into a multifunctional complex of buildings and became thus the center of local administration, religious life, and defense. At the end of the 15th century, the Chamber Count moved to a newly built house with a unique diamond vault. Thereafter the residence of the Count in the castle was converted into the St. Catherine's Church. Pierrefonds Castle, France Castle has a history of scholarly debate surrounding its exact meaning. ... Saint Catherine of Alexandria, known as Saint Catherine of the Wheel and The Great Martyr Saint Catherine (Greek ) is a figure claimed to have been a noted scholar in the early 4th Century who, at the age of only 18, is said to have visited the Emperor Maxentius and to...

The sites of interests also include the Museum of Coins and Medals, the Museum of Skiing and a historical main square with a monumental Baroque plague column. The Gothic Church of St. Catherine hosts the popular European Organ Festival. A 20-km long aqueduct, built in the 15th century, is still working, supplying three hydroelectric power plants (one of them located 245 m below the ground). Forested mountains around the town offer plenty of hiking and cross-country skiing trails. Baroque architecture, starting in the early 17th century in Italy, took the humanist Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical, theatrical, sculptural fashion, expressing the triumph of absolutist church and state. ... The plague Column of the Virgin Mary Immaculate in Kutná Hora, the Czech Republic, built between 1713 and 1715 Erecting religious monuments in the form of a column surmounted by a figure or a Christian symbol was a gesture of public faith that flourished in the Catholic countries of Europe... Interior of Cologne Cathedral Gothic architecture is a style of architecture, particularly associated with cathedrals and other churches, which flourished in Europe during the high and late medieval period. ... Organ in Katharinenkirche, Frankfurt am Main, Germany The organ is a keyboard instrument played using one or more manuals and a pedalboard. ... Pont du Gard, France, a Roman aqueduct built circa 19 BC. It is one of Frances top tourist attractions and a World Heritage Site. ... Two hikers in the Mount Hood National Forest Eagle Creek hiking Hiking is a form of walking, undertaken with the specific purpose of exploring and enjoying the scenery. ... Cross-country skiing (also known as XC skiing) is a winter sport popular in many countries with large snowfields, primarily Northern Europe and Canada. ...

The geographical center of Europe is claimed to be in the nearby village of Krahule. Geographical Centre of Europe, monument in Lithuania There is an ongoing debate as to where the Geographical Centre of Europe really is. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Krahule is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ...

Demographics

Kremnica has a population of 5,621 (as of December 31, 2005). According to the 2001 census, 95.8% of inhabitants were Slovaks and 1.2% Germans. Even among the Slovaks, there are many descendants of the Carpathian Germans, who played a very important role in the medieval history of the town. The religious makeup was 64.9% Roman Catholics, 22.6% people with no religious affiliation, and 5.8% Lutherans.^[1] 1870 US Census for New York City A census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). ... Carpathian Germans (German: , Slovak: Karpatskí Nemci), sometimes simply called Slovak Germans (German: Slowakeideutsche), is the name for a group of German language speakers on the territory of present-day Slovakia. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. ...

Gallery

Winter panorama Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 × 600 pixel, file size: 145 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Kremnica Metadata This file contains additional...	Kremnica town castle Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 × 600 pixel, file size: 81 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Author: Dušan Turan; Original URL: http://nemcok. ...	Kremnica castle Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 600 × 400 pixelsFull resolution (600 × 400 pixel, file size: 73 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Murko Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...	Kremnica main square Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 600 × 400 pixelsFull resolution (600 × 400 pixel, file size: 56 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Murko Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...
Summer panorama Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1000 × 750 pixel, file size: 96 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Murko Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...	Barbican Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 × 600 pixel, file size: 92 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Author: Jaro Nemcok source http://nemcok. ...	Plague column on main square Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 468 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (624 × 800 pixel, file size: 107 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Author: Jaro Nemcok source: http://nemcok. ...

Sister cities

Kremnica has six sister cities: Sign denoting twin towns of Neckarsulm Town twinning or sister cities is a concept whereby towns or cities from geographically and politically distinct areas are paired, with the goal of fostering human contact and cultural links. ...

• - Fidenza, Italy
• - Herbolzheim, Germany
• - Kutná Hora, Czech Republic
• - Nový Jičín, Czech Republic
• - Šurany, Slovakia
• - Várpalota, Hungary

Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Fidenza is a town in the province of Parma, Italy. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Herbolzheim is a town in the district of Emmendingen, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic_(bordered). ... Kutná Hora (help· info) medieval Czech: Hory Kutné) is a city in the Czech Republic, in Central Bohemian Region of Bohemia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic_(bordered). ... Location of Nový Jičín in the Czech Republic Nový Jičín is a city in Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Slovakia_(bordered). ... Šurany (Hungarian: Nagysurány) is a town in Nové Zámky District, Slovakia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... Várpalota is a small town in Western Hungary, in the Transdanubian county of Veszprém. ...

References

This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. Numismatics

1. ^ http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html Municipal Statistics from the Statistical Office of the Slovak republic

The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language encyclopedia published in 1913 by The Encyclopedia Press. ...

External links

• Official municipal website (Slovak)
• Information for tourists
• Museum of Coins and Medals
• Kremnica Castle

edit	Municipalities of Žiar nad Hronom District
Kremnica | Žiar nad Hronom Bartošova Lehôtka | Bzenica | Dolná Trnávka | Dolná Ves | Dolná Ždaňa | Hliník nad Hronom | Horná Ves | Horná Ždaňa | Hronská Dúbrava | Ihráč | Janova Lehota | Jastrabá | Kopernica | Kosorín | Krahule | Kremnické Bane | Kunešov | Ladomerská Vieska | Lehôtka pod Brehmi | Lovča | Lovčica-Trubín | Lúčky | Lutila | Nevoľné | Pitelová | Prestavlky | Prochot | Repište | Sklené Teplice | Slaská | Stará Kremnička | Trnavá Hora | Vyhne Žiar nad Hronom District (Slovak: okres Žiar nad Hronom) is a district in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom (German: , Hungarian: ) is a town in Banská Bystrica Region, Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia BartoÅ¡ova Lehôtka is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Bzencia is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Dolná Trnávka is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia A view of the village from the nearby hill ÄŽurova Skala Dolná Ves (before 1948(?): Å váb, older: Å váby; German: Schwabendorf; Hungarian: Sváb) is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Dolná Ždaňa is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Hliník nad Hronom is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Horná Ves is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Horná Ždaňa is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Hronská Dúbrava is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Ihráč is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Janova Lehota is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Jastrabá is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Kopernica is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Kosorín is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Krahule is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Kremnické Bane is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia KuneÅ¡ov is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Ladomerská Vieska is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Lehôtka pod Brehmi is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Lovča is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Lovčica-Trubín is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Lúčky is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Lutila is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Nevoľné is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Pitelová is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... PÅ™estavlky is name of several locations in the Czech Republic: PÅ™estavlky, a village in Pardubice Region (Chrudim District) PÅ™estavlky, a village in Ústí nad Labem Region (Litoměřice District) PÅ™estavlky, a village in Plzeň Region (Plzeň-South District) PÅ™estavlky, a village in Olomouc Region (P... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Prochot is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... RepiÅ¡te (Serbian Cyrillic: Репиште) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Sklené Teplice is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Slaská is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Stará Kremnička is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia Trnavá Hora is a village and municipality in Žiar nad Hronom District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. ... Vyhne is a village in the Žiar nad Hronom District, which is part of the Banská Bystrica Region in central Slovakia. ...