NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Kreuzberg

Kreuzberg, located south of Berlin-Mitte, is one of the best-known boroughs of Berlin, famous for its nightlife and its political leftness as well as its problems with criminality, the drug scene and a very high number of immigrants. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 718 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1264 Ã— 1056 pixel, file size: 540 KB, MIME type: image/png) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 718 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1264 Ã— 1056 pixel, file size: 540 KB, MIME type: image/png) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Kreuzberg street, oct 03, taken by myself, released under File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Kreuzberg street, oct 03, taken by myself, released under File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ...

Kreuzberg consists of two different parts, the south-eastern 'SO 36' (or simply '36') part and the south-west 'SW 61' (or simply '61'). Until the wall fell, these were the last two digits of the postal codes for the two areas.

It was a separate borough until Berlin's 2001 administrative reform, when it was combined with Friedrichshain to form the new borough of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg. Since these two localities are linked only by a single bridge over the Spree river, the Oberbaumbrücke, this combination seemed awkward to many residents. The two areas could not agree on a common location for the future borough's city hall, so the present location in Friedrichshain was decided by tossing a five-Mark coin. Berlin is subdivided into 12 boroughs (Bezirke in German), which are administrative units with political rights comparable to incorporated communities in the rest of Germany (although they are not separate legal entities from the city). ... Location of Friedrichshain in Berlin Friedrichshain is a part of Berlins borough of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg. ... Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg is a borough of Berlin, formed in 2001 by merging the former boroughs of Friedrichshain and Kreuzberg. ... The Spree (Slavic Å preva or Å preja, older form Sprevja, Sorbish Sprowja) is a river in Saxony, Brandenburg and Berlin, Germany. ... An U-Bahn train crosses the OberbaumbrÃ¼cke OberbaumbrÃ¼cke is a bridge crossing Berlins Rive Spree. ... The Deutsche Mark (DM, DEM) was the official currency of West and, from 1990, unified Germany. ...

Summary

Kreuzberg is known to many for numerous Turkish immigrants from eastern parts of Turkey, and the yearly May Day riots. Both stereotypes result from the fact that before the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, Kreuzberg was in an isolated position with its eastern parts almost entirely surrounded by the Wall. This area consequently had cheap rents and attracted lower-income families as well as squatters from the radical left. The western part of Kreuzberg also bordered onto the wall, and it was here that Checkpoint Charlie was, and also nearby the place that first wall victim Peter Fechter was trying to cross to when he was killed. May Day graffiti in Berlin. ... May Day graffiti in Berlin. ... // Turks in Germany are people of Turkish descent with varying identity as part of a wider German society and who maintain a connection to the Turkish sociology, through cultural and historical affiliation. ... May Day is May 1, and refers to any of several holidays celebrated on this day. ... East German construction workers building the Berlin Wall, November 20, 1961. ... Allied Checkpoint Charlie. ... Portrait photograph of Peter Fechter Peter Fechter (14 January 1944 â€“ 17 August 1962) was a bricklayer from East Berlin, who at the age of eighteen became one of the first victims of the Berlin Walls border guards. ...

Kreuzberg has sometimes been called the largest Turkish city outside of Turkey. In 1999, of its 146,884 inhabitants, 49,010 did not have German citizenship (of which the large majority was Turkish). However, in the upmarket areas such as Bergmann Kiez this is really no longer the case with a cosmoplitan crowd of students, young professionals and young couples. Especially in the eastern part of the borough, the streets have a distinct, almost oriental flair. Still today, streets like the Oranienstraße are full of restaurants and bars, offering food from many places of the world. The song "Kreuzberg" appears on Bloc Party's album A Weekend in the City. Bloc Party is an English indie rock band. ... Alternate cover Special CD+DVD edition A Weekend in the City is the second studio album by Bloc Party, which was released on February 5, 2007. ...

While Kreuzberg thrives on its diverse cultures and is still an attractive area for the younger, alternative type of person, the district is also characterized by high levels of structural unemployment and income levels are among the poorest of Berlin. Kottbusser Tor Bahnhof, Oct 03, taken by myself, released under File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Kottbusser Tor Bahnhof, Oct 03, taken by myself, released under File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

History

As opposed to other localities of Berlin, which mostly originated in older villages, Kreuzberg is not much of a historical entity. Instead, it was only formed as such in 1920 with the formation of Berlin in today's borders. Its name is simply that of its highest elevation – the Kreuzberg (literally, "cross hill") of 66m above sea level, a traditional place for weekend trips with small restaurants, which received its name from an 1821 monument by Karl Friedrich Schinkel remembering the liberation wars against Napoleon I of France. Except for its northernmost part, today's "Kreuzberg" – which even didn't exist under that name – was a very rural place until well into the 19th century. The Old Museum in Berlin Karl Friedrich Schinkel (March 13, 1781 - October 9, 1841) was a German architect and painter. ... NapolÃ©on I, Emperor of the French (born Napoleone di Buonaparte, changed his name to NapolÃ©on Bonaparte)[1] (15 August 1769; Ajaccio, Corsica â€“ 5 May 1821; Saint Helena) was a general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from...

This changed when, in the 1860s, industrialization caused Berlin to grow explosively. This called for extensive housing – much of which was built exploiting the dire needs of the poor, with widespread land speculation. Many of Kreuzberg's buildings originate from that time. Far into the 20th century, Kreuzberg was the most populous of Berlin's boroughs even in absolute numbers, with more than 400,000 people, although Kreuzberg was the smallest of the boroughs. As a result, with more than 60,000 people per square kilometer, Kreuzberg had the highest population density in Berlin and consequently probably the worst living conditions. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 Ã— 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 Ã— 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ...

In addition to housing, Kreuzberg was also one center of Berlin's industry. The so-called Exportviertel along Ritterstraße consisted of many profitable small businesses, and the "press quarter" along Kochstraße was the home of most of Germany's large newspapers as well as the Ullstein, Scherl, and Mosse book publishers.

Both of these industrial quarters were almost entirely destroyed during World War II, with the bombings of a single night from February 3, 1945. In remembrance of the old tradition, the Axel Springer press company erected its German headquarters at Kochstraße again, right next to the Berlin Wall. Axel Springer (d. ...

After World War II, Kreuzberg's housing rents were regulated by law, which made investments unattractive. As a result, housing was of low quality, but cheap, which made the borough a prime target for immigrants coming to Germany (and Berlin). Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ...

Since the fall of the Berlin Wall, Kreuzberg found itself suddenly in the middle of the city again. Although the borough still has social problems, it is no longer quite the ghetto it used to be. Instead, the initially cheap rents and many 19th century housing made some parts of the borough more attractive as a residential area even for prosperous people: lawyers, doctors and small businesses have moved there. Today, Kreuzberg has one of the youngest populations of all European city boroughs; statistically, its population has been swapped completely twice in the last two decades.

External links

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Boroughs and localities of Berlin

Boroughs: Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf • Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg • Lichtenberg • Marzahn-Hellersdorf • Mitte • Neukölln • Pankow • Reinickendorf • Spandau • Steglitz-Zehlendorf • Tempelhof-Schöneberg • Treptow-Köpenick Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Berlin. ... The boroughs of Berlin Berlin is both a city and one of Germanys federal states. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Berlin. ... Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf is a borough of Berlin, formed in 2001 by merging the former boroughs of Charlottenburg and Wilmersdorf. ... Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg is a borough of Berlin, formed in 2001 by merging the former boroughs of Friedrichshain and Kreuzberg. ... Lichtenberg is a borough of Berlin, Germany. ... Marzahn-Hellersdorf is one of 12 boroughs of Berlin, formed in 2001 by merging the former boroughs of Marzahn and Hellersdorf. ... The location of Mitte in Berlin. ... The location of NeukÃ¶lln in Berlin. ... The location of Pankow in Berlin. ... Reinickendorf is a borough of Berlin. ... For the 1980s New Wave group, see Spandau Ballet. ... The location of Steglitz-Zehlendorf in Berlin. ... Tempelhof-SchÃ¶neberg is a borough of Berlin, formed in 2001 by merging the former boroughs of Tempelhof and SchÃ¶neberg. ... The Districts in borough Treptow-KÃ¶penick of Berlin Treptow-KÃ¶penick is a borough of Berlin, formed in 2001 by merging the former boroughs of Treptow and KÃ¶penick. ...

Boroughs (west), 1920-2001:: Charlottenburg • Kreuzberg • Neukölln • Reinickendorf • Schöneberg • Spandau • Steglitz • Tempelhof • Tiergarten • Wedding • Wilmersdorf • Zehlendorf Location of Charlottenburg in Berlin Charlottenburg palace Charlottenburg is an area of Berlin within the borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. ... The location of NeukÃ¶lln in Berlin. ... Reinickendorf is a borough of Berlin. ... SchÃ¶neberg is a district of Berlin. ... For the 1980s New Wave group, see Spandau Ballet. ... Location of Steglitz within Berlin. ... The Tempelhof town hall - due to the merger with SchÃ¶neberg now without a mayor Tempelhof was a borough of the city of Berlin that was united with SchÃ¶neberg in 2001 to form the Tempelhof-SchÃ¶neberg borough. ... Tiergarten (Animal Garden) is a large park and a former borough of Berlin, since 2001 a part of the expanded borough Mitte. ... Wedding is a district in the borough of Mitte, Berlin, Germany and was a separate borough in north-western Berlin until it was fused with Tiergarten and Mitte in 2001. ... Wilmersdorf is an area of Berlin, formerly a borough but since 2001 part of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Boroughs (east), 1920-2001:: Friedrichshain • Hellersdorf (1986) • Hohenschönhausen (1985) • Köpenick • Lichtenberg • Marzahn (1979) • Mitte • Pankow • Prenzlauer Berg • Treptow • Weißensee Location of Friedrichshain in Berlin Friedrichshain is a part of Berlins borough of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg. ... Berlin-Hellersdorf was a borough of East Berlin. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bezirk HohenschÃ¶nhausen Location of HohenschÃ¶nhausen HohenschÃ¶nhausen was a borough of Berlin, Germany from 1985 until Berlins 2001 administrative reform. ... KÃ¶penick is a former borough of Berlin; in 2001 it merged with Treptow to form the new borough Treptow-KÃ¶penick. ... Lichtenberg is a borough of Berlin, Germany. ... Location of Marzahn in Berlin Marzahn is part of the borough Marzahn-Hellersdorf in Berlin. ... The location of Mitte in Berlin. ... The location of Pankow in Berlin. ... Prenzlauer Berg is a former borough of Berlin situated in the eastern part of the city. ... Treptow is a former borough of Berlin; in 2001 it merged with KÃ¶penick to form the new borough Treptow-KÃ¶penick. ... WeiÃŸensee is a former borough of Berlin, Germany, named for a small lake within it. ...

Localities: Adlershof • Britz • Dahlem • Friedrichstadt • Friedenau • Frohnau • Gatow • Grunewald • Hansaviertel • Haselhorst • Heiligensee • Hermsdorf • Karlshorst • Kladow • Lichterfelde West • Mariendorf • Marienfelde • Märkisches Viertel • Moabit • Nikolaiviertel • Rote Insel • Scheunenviertel • Tegel • Wannsee District Adlershof in borough Treptow-KÃ¶penick of Berlin Adlershof is a district in the borough Treptow-KÃ¶penick of Berlin, Germany. ... Britz is part of the Berlin district of NeukÃ¶lln. ... Location of Dahlem within Berlin (inset) and the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf The main campus of the Free University of Berlin Botanical Gardens This article refers to the neighborhood in Berlin. ... Friedrichstadt was an independent suburb of Berlin, and is now a historical neighborhood of the city itself. ... Friedenau is a district within the Borough of Tempelhof-SchÃ¶neberg in Berlin, Germany. ... Frohnau is a neighborhood in the Reinickendorf borough of Berlin, Germany. ... Berlin-Gatow, a district of south-western Berlin is located west of the Havelsee lake and has forested areas within its boundaries. ... Grunewald is both a forest in Berlin on the east side of the Havel and a municipal district of Berlin (part of the borough of [Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf]]. The district developed out of a so-called mansion colony when the upper class of Berlin discovered Grunewald as an attractive site for... Location of the Hansaviertel in Berlin The Hansaviertel is a quarter in the Mitte borough of Berlin. ... Haselhorst is a station on the Berlin U-Bahn line U7. ... Heiligensee is a part of Reinickendorf, which is a borough of the German capital, Berlin. ... Hermsdorf is quiet community located in Reinickendorf, Berlin. ... Karlshorst (literally meaning Karls nest in German) is a district of Berlin. ... Map of Kladow in Berlin Kladow is the southernmost district of the Borough of Spandau in Berlin. ... Lichterfelde West is part of the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough of Berlin. ... Mariendorf is part of the Tempelhof district of Berlin, in the south-central of the city. ... Berlin-Marienfelde is a local part in the district Tempelhof beautiful mountain of Berlin, in the south of the city. ... MÃ¤rkisches Viertel (MV) is a locality in the borough of Reinickendorf in Berlin. ... Moabit is a district in the center of Berlin. ... The Nikolaiviertel (German for Nicholas Quarter) is the reconstructed historical core of Berlin, Germany, founded in the 13th century. ... Landmark and industrial monument: a gasometer Rote Insel (literally, Red Island) is the name colloquially given to a neighborhood in the SchÃ¶neberg district of the German capital, Berlin. ... Scheunenviertel refers to an area in the centre of Berlin just to the north of the Alexanderplatz. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Berlin-Tegel. ... Map of Berlin-Wannsee The Wannsee is both a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, in Germany, and a linked pair of lakes adjoining the locality. ...

Coordinates: 52°29′N, 13°23′E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...