Monument to Kurt Eisner on the sidewalk where he fell when he was assassinated in Munich.

Kurt Eisner (May 14, 1867 – February 21, 1919) ^[1] was a German and Bavarian politician and journalist. Kurt Eisner, as a German socialist journalist and statesman, organized the Socialist Revolution that achieved the overthrow of the monarchy in Bavaria (in 1918).^[1] He is used as an example of charismatic authority by Max Weber. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1200x1600, 1117 KB) [edit] Summary en: This is a monument to Kurt Eisner in Munich. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1200x1600, 1117 KB) [edit] Summary en: This is a monument to Kurt Eisner in Munich. ... May 14 is the 134th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (135th in leap years). ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Free State of Bavaria  (German: Freistaat Bayern), with an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... The German November Revolution was one of many Revolutions across Europe, at the end of World War I in 1918-1919. ... Jesus is considered by historians such as Weber to be an example of a charismatic religious leader; The sociologist Max Weber defined charismatic authority as resting on devotion to the exceptional sanctity, heroism or exemplary character of an individual person, and of the normative patterns or order revealed or ordained... Maximilian Weber (IPA: ) (April 21, 1864 – June 14, 1920) was a German political economist and sociologist who is considered one of the founders of the modern study of sociology and public administration. ...

Early activism

Born in Berlin, Eisner studied literature and neo-Kantian philosophy with Hermann Cohen at the University of Marburg.^[1] Kurt Eisner studied at Friedrich Wilhelm University, worked as a theater critic, and edited several socialist newspapers. He was critical about Karl Marx's theory of historical materialism, which was a part of the dogmatic thought of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. Berlin is the capital city and one of the sixteen states of the Federal Republic of Germany. ... Immanuel Kant Immanuel Kant (April 22, 1724 – February 12, 1804) was a Prussian philosopher, generally regarded as one of Europes most influential thinkers and the last major philosopher of the Enlightenment. ... Hermann Cohen by Karl Doerbecker Hermann Cohen (4 July 1842 - 4 April 1918) was a German-Jewish philosopher, one of the founders of the Marburg School of Neo-Kantianism, and he is often held to be probably the most important Jewish philosopher of the nineteenth century (Jewish Virtual Library). ... The University of Marburg, officially called Philipps-Universität Marburg after its founder, the Landgrave Philipp I of Hesse (usually called the Magnanimous), was founded in 1527 and is the worlds first and oldest Protestant university. ... Alternative meaning: Humboldt State University, located in Arcata, California Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin The Humboldt University of Berlin (German Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin) is the successor to Berlins oldest university, the Friedrich Wilhelm University (Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität), founded in 1810 by the liberal Prussian educational reformer... Socialism refers to a broad array of doctrines or political movements that envisage a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to social control. ... Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818, Trier, Germany – March 14, 1883, London) was an immensely influential German philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary. ... Historical materialism is the methodological approach to the study of society, economics and history which was first articulated by Karl Marx (1818-1883), although Marx himself never used the term. ... SPD redirects here. ...

In 1892, Eisner published "Friedrich Nietzsche und die Apostel der Zukunft" (Friedrich Nietzsche and the Apostle).^[1] His thought was heavily influenced by Friedrich Nietzsche: Eisner agreed with Nietzsche on the issue of equality, believing that people should have the possibility to rise above the average and be creative, as the only way to bettering society. Nonetheless, other opinions held by Nietzsche made Eisner view him as a monster and a sinister thinker. As a pacifist and a socialist, he was against idealizing strong and irresponsible characters (the Übermensch) encouraged by Nietzsche. 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Pacifism is the opposition to war or violence as a means of settling disputes. ... Friedrich Wilhelm Nietszche The — German: superhuman person, English: overman or superman — is the philosophical concept expounded by philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche in the book Thus Spoke Zarathustra, whose eponymous protagonist contends that a man can become an Ãœbermensch (homo superior; equivalent English: super-human; see below) through the following steps: By...

Prominence

Kurt Eisner was born in Berlin at 10:15PM on May 14 1867, to Emanuel Eisner and Hedwig Levenstein. His birth was recorded on page 140, Nr. 289 of the Judischen Gemeinde Geburtsregister for 1867.

Kurt Eisner was always an open Republican as well as a Social-Democrat, whereas for tactical reasons German Social-Democracy, particularly in its later stages, rather cold-shouldered anything in the shape of Republican propaganda as being unnecessary and included in general Social-Democratic aims. Consequently he fought actively for political democracy as well as Social-Democracy. He became editor of “Vorwärts” after the death of Wilhelm Liebknecht in 1900, but was subsequently called upon to resign from that position. After his withdrawal from “Vorwärts,” his activities were confined in the main to Bavaria, though he toured other parts of Germany.

He was at Munich when the war broke out. At first he leaned to the view of the Majority on the war. But not for long. He soon took the side of the Minority, and has since been a leading figure among the Independents. His attitude on the war shows how wrong are those who assume that it is the “Revisionists” who supported the German Government and the Radical Marxists who opposed it. Eisner, if anything, favoured the Revisionists rather than the rigid Marxists, yet he increasingly opposed the war policy of the Majority as the war went on, while Marxists like Lensch and Heinrich Cunow have supported the war more vigorously, presumably on the ground that an economic “Deutschland über Alles” was the best possible thing for the world, if the world had only the commonsense to realise it.

He joined the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1917, at the height of World War I, and was convicted of treason in 1918 for his role in inciting a strike of munitions workers. For the Independent Social Democratic Party of Romania, see Romanian Social Democratic Party (defunct). ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Commanders Ferdinand Foch Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Wilhelm II Paul... For other uses, see Treason (disambiguation). ...

After his release from prison, he organized the revolution that overthrew the monarchy in Bavaria (see German Revolution). He declared Bavaria to be a free state and republic on November 8, 1918, becoming the first republican premier of Bavaria. King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary rulers of Bavaria from 1805 till 1918, when the kingdom was abolished. ... The German November Revolution was one of many Revolutions across Europe, at the end of World War I in 1918-1919. ... Flag of the now defunct Orange Free State Flag of the modern Free State of Bavaria The modern Republic of Ireland was known from 1922-1937 as the Irish Free State. ... In a broad definition, a republic is a state or country that is led by people whose political power is based on principles that are not beyond the control of the people of that state or country. ... November 8 is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 53 days remaining. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... This is a list of the men who have served in the capacity of Prime Minister or equivalent office in Bavaria from the mid-18th century to the present: Count Franz Joseph von Berchem 1745-1777 Count Matthäus von Vieregg 1777-1799 Count Maximilian Joseph von Montgelas 1799-1817...

He was defeated in the February 1919 election, and was assassinated in Munich when Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley shot at him on his way to present his resignation to the Bavarian parliament. 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Assassin and Targeted killing redirect here. ... Munich: Frauenkirche and Town Hall steeple Munich: St. ... The Landtag of Bavaria is Bavarias unicameral legislature. ...

His assassination resulted the establishment of the Munich Soviet Republic and parliament and government fleeing Munich. Münchner Räterepublik, known as the Munich Soviet Republic or Bavarian Soviet Republic (Bayerische Räterepublik), was a short-lived communist country, organized in Bavaria in the year 1919. ...

Notes

1. ^ ^{a b c d} "Kurt Eisner - Encyclopaedia Britannica" (biography), Encyclopædia Britannica, 2006, Britannica.com webpage: Britannica-KurtEisner.

References