L is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet. It can also refer to the following. For the character L, from the anime/manga Death Note, see L (Death Note). ... The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ...

Science

• In anatomy, L means lumbar, as in L-spine. L1 to L5 refer to numbered lumbar vertebrae or lumbar spinal nerves.
• In astronomy,
  • L stands for the brown dwarf class of stars (lithium stars).
  • L is a provisional designation prefix for any comet, asteroid, or minor planet discovered between June 1 and 15 of a year.
  • L is the symbol for luminosity.
• In biochemistry, L is the symbol for leucine.
• In botany, L. is the standard abbreviation for Carolus Linnaeus when cited as the author of plants he described, as in e.g. Stone Pine Pinus pinea L.
• In electrical engineering, L is often the variable for inductance.
• In genetics,
  • Haplogroup L (mtDNA) is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
  • Haplogroup L (Y-DNA) is a Y-chromosomal DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroup.
• In optical isomerism, L means levorotatory.
  • Molecules with L stereochemistry conformation are oriented in decreasing importance going anti-clockwise around a chiral carbon.
  • The human body only uses L amino acids. Bacteria and other prokaryotes use D amino acids and are targeted by antibiotics.
• In physics,
  • L is used to represent angular momentum.
  • L stands for the Lagrangian.
  • L is the center of the hexagonal face of the Brillouin zone of a face-centered cubic lattice, or the middle of an edge joining a hexagonal and a rectangular face of the Brillouin zone of a hexagonal lattice.
• In the SI system, l, ℓ or L is the symbol for the litre, a unit of volume or capacity.

Anatomical drawing of the human muscles from the Encyclopédie. ... In anatomy, lumbar is an adjective that means of or pertaining to the abdominal segment of the torso, between the diaphragm and the sacrum (pelvis). ... L1 or L-1 may be: The first Lagrange Point in an astronomical Solar System The first lumbar vertebra in Human anatomy L1 (protein), a cell adhesion molecule. ... L5 or L-5 may be: The fifth lumbar vertebra in Human anatomy The fifth Lagrange Point in an astronomical Solar System The filk song Home on Lagrange (The L5 Song) The Gibson L5 electric guitar in Musical instruments The french female pop music group L5 This page expands a... Categories: Anatomy stubs | Anatomy ... The term spinal nerve generally refers to the mixed spinal nerve, which is formed from the dorsal and ventral roots that come out of the spinal cord. ... A giant Hubble mosaic of the Crab Nebula, a supernova remnant Astronomy is the science of celestial objects (such as stars, planets, comets, and galaxies) and phenomena that originate outside the Earths atmosphere (such as auroras and cosmic background radiation). ... This brown dwarf (smaller object) orbits the star Gliese 229, which is located in the constellation Lepus about 19 light years from Earth. ... In astronomy, stellar classification is a classification of stars based initially on photospheric temperature and its associated spectral characteristics, and subsequently refined in terms of other characteristics. ... Provisional designation of in astronomy is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. ... Luminosity has different meanings in several different fields of science. ... Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes and transformations in living organisms. ... Leucine is one of the 20 most common amino acids and coded for by DNA. It is isomeric with isoleucine. ... Pinguicula grandiflora Botany is the scientific study of plantlife. ... Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 23, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... Binomial name Pinus pinea L. The Stone Pine (Pinus pinea; family Pinaceae) is a species of pine native of southern Europe, primarily the Iberian Peninsula. ... Electrical Engineers design power systems… … and complex electronic circuits. ... In computer science and mathematics, a variable (IPA pronunciation: ) (sometimes called a pronumeral) is a symbolic representation denoting a quantity or expression. ... Inductance (or electric inductance) is a measure of the amount of magnetic flux produced for a given electric current. ... For a non-technical introduction to the topic, please see Introduction to genetics. ... In human genetics, Haplogroup L0 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. ... In human genetics, Haplogroup L (M20) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. ... The term chiral (pronounced ) is used to describe an object which is non-superimposable on its mirror image. ... Levorotation (also spelled laevorotation) is the counterclockwise rotation of plane polarized light. ... The different types of isomers. ... Physics (Greek: (phúsis), nature and (phusiké), knowledge of nature) is the science concerned with the fundamental laws of the universe. ... This gyroscope remains upright while spinning due to its angular momentum. ... A Lagrangian of a dynamical system, named after Joseph Louis Lagrange, is a function of the dynamical variables and concisely describes the equations of motion of the system. ... In mathematics and solid state physics, the first Brillouin zone is the primitive cell in the reciprocal lattice in momentum space. ... Look up si, Si, SI in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The litre or liter (U.S. spelling, see spelling differences) is a unit of volume. ... The volume of a solid object is the three-dimensional concept of how much space it occupies, often quantified numerically. ...

Mathematics

• In set theory, L denotes Gödel's constructible universe.

Set theory is the mathematical theory of sets, which represent collections of abstract objects. ... In mathematics, the constructible universe (or Gödels constructible universe), denoted , is a particular class of sets which can be described entirely in terms of simpler sets. ...

Computing

• In computational complexity theory,
  • L is the class of all decision problems calculable in logarithmic space; see L (complexity).
  • L is an exponentional function often associated with the time and space complexity of integer factorization algorithms. L is defined as L(s) = exp((ln n)^s(ln ln n)^1-s) for integer n. In some cases, a constant c will be involved, and L will be L(s,c) = exp(c(ln n)^s(ln ln n)^1-s) for integer n. [1]
• L is an IRC-service (bot on the popular IRC-network QuakeNet).

As a branch of the theory of computation in computer science, computational complexity theory describes the scalability of algorithms, and the inherent difficulty in providing scalable algorithms for specific computational problems. ... In computational complexity theory, a complexity class is a set of problems of related complexity. ... In computability theory and computational complexity theory, a decision problem is a question in some formal system with a yes-or-no answer. ... In computational complexity theory, L is the complexity class containing decision problems which can be solved by a deterministic Turing machine using a logarithmic amount of memory space. ... In computational complexity theory, L is the complexity class containing decision problems which can be solved by a deterministic Turing machine using a logarithmic amount of memory space. ... In number theory, the integer factorization problem is the problem of finding a non-trivial divisor of a composite number; for example, given a number like 91, the challenge is to find a number such as 7 which divides it. ... Internet bots, also known as web robots or simply bots, are software applications that run automated tasks over the internet. ... Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a form of instant communication over the Internet. ... QuakeNet is the largest IRC network, with peak user counts close to 180,000 every day and over 180,000 channels. ...

Arts and entertainment

• In the Japanese anime/manga Death Note, L is the codename for intelligent and peculiar detective L Lawliet.
• "Agent L" is a character in the film Men In Black.
• L is a novel by the Norwegian author Erlend Loe; see L (novel).
• In video games,
  • L is the symbol for Luigi, a Nintendo character.
  • L was a mathematical adventure game for the BBC Micro.
• In music,
  • L is an album by Lol Creme and Kevin Godley; see L (album).
  • L is an album by Steve Hillage.
  • Big L is an American rapper.
• The L Word is a Showtime television show.

Serialized in Weekly Shonen Jump Arena Komik Original run December 2003 – May 2006 No. ... This article is a detailed profile of the characters of the manga/anime/movie series Death Note. ... Men in Black is a 1997 science fiction comedy action film directed by Barry Sonnenfeld, starring Tommy Lee Jones, Will Smith and Vincent DOnofrio. ... Erlend Loe (born May 24, 1969 in Trondheim) is a Norwegian novelist. ... L is a novel written by the Norwegian writer Erlend Loe. ... It has been suggested that Multiplayer game be merged into this article or section. ... Luigi ) is a video game character created by Japanese game designer Shigeru Miyamoto. ... Nintendo Company, Limited (任天堂 or ニンテンドー Nintendō; NASDAQ: NTDOY, TYO: 7974 usually referred to as simply Nintendo, or Big N ) is a multinational corporation founded on September 23, 1889[1] in Kyoto, Japan by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce handmade hanafuda cards. ... The BBC Microcomputer System was a series of microcomputers and associated peripherals designed and built by Acorn Computers Ltd for the BBC Computer Literacy Project operated by the British Broadcasting Corporation. ... Godley & Creme is a duo of musicians and music video directors. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... L is a record released by Godley and Creme in 1978. ... Steve Hillage is a English musician, associated with the Canterbury scene, who has worked in experimental domains since the late 1960s. ... For the UK radio station Big L, (formerly known as Radio London International) opened in 2005, broadcasting on 1395kHz AM/215m Medium Wave and Sky Digital channel 0190 For the original British offshore radio station nicknamed Big L (1964 - 1967), see Wonderful Radio London The name Big L was later... The L Word is a television drama series that portrays the lives, loves and learnings of a group of lesbians and bisexuals and their friends, family and lovers in Los Angeles. ...

Other uses

• The 'L' is an elevated transportation system in Chicago; see Chicago 'L'.
• L is a service of the New York City Subway; see L (New York City Subway service).
• L is a slang term for blunt in marijuana counterculture and in the hip-hop sub-culture.
• An L in cannabis culture is a certain way of rolling a joint using two skins, in the shape of an L.
• In driving,
  • in a motor vehicle, L designates the low gear of an automatic transmission.
  • an L on a plate attached to the exterior of a vehicle indicates the driver is on a learner license (in an L/P-plate system).
  • in several European countries, most rental cars are marked prominently with an "L" (for « location », meaning rental in French).
• In etymology and languages, L. is the abbreviation for Latin.
• In finance, L is the New York Stock Exchange ticker symbol for Liberty Media Corporation A.
• In industry, L often denotes "large size". For example, European clothing-size standard EN 13402 defines the size code L to refer to chest girths 102–110 cm for men's clothes and bust girths 98–106 cm for women's clothes, but garment manufacturers also use their own non-standard defining body measurements for this size code.
• The International Phonetic Alphabet uses a small capital [ʟ] to represent the velar lateral approximant sound.
• In international licence plate codes, L stands for Luxembourg.
• In the 1980s, placing one's right hand on the forehead in the shape of an L means calling them a loser.
• In navigation, L denotes the relative direction "left"; see left and right.
• As the first letter of a postal code,
  • In Canada, L stands for Central Ontario.
  • In the United Kingdom, L stands for Liverpool.
• In radio,
  • The L band ranges from 0.39 to 1.55 GHz.
  • The NATO L band ranges from 40 to 60 GHz.
• In Roman naming convention, L is the abbreviation for the praenomen Lucius.
• The vesicant lewisite (chemical weapon) bears the NATO designation "L"
• In Roman numerals, L denotes the number fifty (there are also separate Unicode characters for this number, 0x216C "Ⅼ" and 0x217C "ⅼ").
• The lowercase l is sometimes used in place of the number 1 in typewritten text. Some typewriters did not even have a key for the numeral, so a number of people have retained the habit even in the computer age.
• In judicial reports, L is an abbreviation of lord. The initial is postfixed; e.g. "Browne-Wilkinson L" = "Lord Browne-Wilkinson".

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