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LH increases dramatically just before women's most fertile day of the month in a process commonly referred to as the "LH Surge” This LH increase triggers ovulation, which means an egg is released from woman's ovary.
The LHtest may also be used to determine when eggs are mature enough to be surgically removed from the ovary as part of the in vitro fertilization process.
Depending on the concentration of LH in the test specimen, positive results may be observed in as short as 40 seconds.
A low serum LH to FSH ratio (0.15 to 1.5) on day 2 or 3 of the menstrual cycle (depending on the length of the follicular phase) may be used as an early biomarker of poor ovarian response when evaluating potential IVF outcome.
LH is useful for distinguishing between hypogonadism due to primary gonadal failure (increased LH and FSH) and hypogonadism caused by deficient gonadal stimulation from the pituitary gland (decreased LH and FSH).
The interrelationship between LH and estrogen/androgen levels are illustrated by the basal LH decrease in postmenopausal women on estrogen or testosterone therapy, and the absence of the typical mid-cycle LH surge in women on oral contraceptives.
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