NationMaster - Encyclopedia: LOOM

A loom is a machine or device for weaving thread or yarn into textiles. Looms can range from very small hand-held frames, to large free-standing hand looms, to huge automatic mechanical devices. A loom can also refer to an electrical cable assembly or harness i.e. wiring loom. A loom is a device used to weave cloth. ... Traditional loom work by a woman in Konya, Turkey. ... Traditional loom work by a woman in Konya, Turkey. ... Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: IkÃ³nion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (480 Ã— 640 pixel, file size: 367 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (480 Ã— 640 pixel, file size: 367 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Quarry Bank Mill is an historic factory in Cheshire, England, one of the best preserved of the Industrial Revolution and is now a museum of the cotton industry. ... Wind turbines The scientific definition of a machine is any device that transmits or modifies energy. ... Tweed loom, Harris, 2004 Woven sheet Weaving is an ancient textile art and craft that involves placing two sets of threads or yarn made of fiber called the warp and weft of the loom and turning them into cloth. ... Yarn Spools of thread Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibers, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery and ropemaking. ... â€œfabricâ€ redirects here. ...

In practice, the basic purpose of any loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads. The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but the basic function is the same. WaRp. ... Tension is a reaction force applied by a stretched string (rope or a similar object) on the objects which stretch it. ... WEFT Champaign 90. ...

Weaving

Weaving is done by intersecting the longitudinal threads, the warp, i.e. "that which is thrown across" (Old English wearp, from weorpan, to throw, cf. German werfen) with the transverse threads, the woof or weft, i.e. "that which is woven" (Old English wefta, from wefan, to weave, cf. German weben). Tweed loom, Harris, 2004 Woven sheet Weaving is an ancient textile art and craft that involves placing two sets of threads or yarn made of fiber called the warp and weft of the loom and turning them into cloth. ... The manufacture of textiles is one of the oldest of mans technologies. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Tweed loom, Harris, 2004 Woven sheet Weaving is an ancient textile art and craft that involves placing two sets of threads or yarn made of fiber called the warp and weft of the loom and turning them into cloth. ... Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon, 1902 An encyclopedia, encyclopaedia or (traditionally) encyclopÃ¦dia[1] is a comprehensive written compendium that contains information on all branches of knowledge or a particular branch of knowledge. ... Song Yingxing (Traditional Chinese:å®‹æ‡‰æ˜Ÿ; Simplified Chinese:å®‹åº”æ˜Ÿ; Wade Giles: Sung Ying-Hsing; 1587-1666 AD) was a Chinese scientist and encyclopedist who lived during the late Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... WaRp. ... Old English (also called Anglo-Penis[1], Englisc by its speakers) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. ... WEFT Champaign 90. ...

Loom itself derives from Middle English lome, in turn from Old English geloma (ge- was an Old English prefix), meaning "an implement or tool of any kind". The words lome and -loma are of unknown origin, although they have a cognate in Middle Dutch, allame, "tool". Middle English is the name given by historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman invasion of 1066 and the mid-to-late 15th century, when the Chancery Standard, a form of London-based English, began to become widespread, a process aided by the... In linguistics, a prefix is a type of affix that precedes the morphemes to which it can attach. ... Look up cognate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Linguistically speaking, Middle Dutch is no more than a collective name for closely related languages or dialects which were spoken and written between about 1150 and 1500 in the present-day Dutch-speaking region. ...

The earliest attestation of loom with its specific meaning quoted by the Oxford English Dictionary is from the Nottingham Records of 1404, but handwoven cloth existed much earlier, perhaps as far back as 8000 BC. The Oxford English Dictionary print set The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is a dictionary published by the Oxford University Press (OUP), and is the most successful dictionary of the English language, (not to be confused with the one-volume Oxford Dictionary of English, formerly New Oxford Dictionary of English, of... For other uses, see Nottingham (disambiguation). ... Events June 14 - Owain Glyndwr of Wales allies with the French against the English and the Henry of Lancaster. ... (9th millennium BC – 8th millennium BC – 7th millennium BC – other millennia) Events The south area of Çatalhöyük. ...

Types of looms

handloom

The earliest looms were vertical warp-weighted looms, with the warp threads suspended from a branch or piece of wood and weighted or attached to the ground. The weft threads would be pushed into place by hand or a stick that would eventually become the shuttle. At first, it was necessary to raise and lower every warp thread one at a time, which was a time-consuming and laborious process. Basic techniques, such as the insertion of a rod, were developed to produce a shed, the space between warp threads (perhaps every other thread would be alternately raised and lowered), so that the weft thread or shuttle could pass through the entire warp at once. The simplest shuttle is a flat, narrow piece of wood with notches on the ends to hold the weft yarn. ...

Ground looms

On a horizontal ground loom, the warp would be strung between two rows of pegs. The weaver would have to lean over in order to work, so pit looms were developed, with the warp strung over a pit, so the weaver could sit with his or her legs underneath and would then be on a level with the loom.

Frame looms

Frame looms followed basically the same principles as ground looms. The loom was constructed out of sticks and boards attached at right angles (producing a box-like shape), which meant that it was portable and could even be held in the weaver's lap. Frame looms are still in use today, usually as a portable, less expensive, and compact alternative to a table or floor loom. Also known as a Small Loom.

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Back strap looms

Backstrap looms, as the name implies, are tied around the weaver's waist on one end and around a stationary object such as a tree, post, or door on the other. Tension can be adjusted simply by leaning back. Backstrap looms are very portable, since they can simply be rolled up and carried.

Foot-treadle floor looms

Handweavers today tend to use looms with at least four shafts or harnesses. Each shaft contains a set of heddles through which yarn can be threaded (and attached, through a variety of mechanisms, to the front and back beams of the loom), and by raising the harnesses in different combinations, a variety of patterns can be achieved. Looms with two such shafts are used for weaving tabby or even weave fabrics. Multishaft looms with eight, twelve, sixteen or more shafts are available. Four harness, 24 inch table loom Taken by Pschemp File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Four harness, 24 inch table loom Taken by Pschemp File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons, a repository of free content hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. ... This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons, a repository of free content hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. ...

The shafts on a floor loom are controlled by a series of pedals called treadles. This is an important development, since it keeps the weaver's hands free to manipulate the shuttle and it is easy to raise and lower warp threads in selected combinations. As the fabric is woven it is rolled around the cloth beam, as unwoven warp or yarn is unrolled from the warp beam, so the length of the weaving is not limited by the size of the loom. A table loom is similar, but, as the name suggests, it is smaller and equipped with hand levers rather than treadles, since it is made to sit on a stand or on top of a table.

A computer assisted loom has no actual treadles as the computer program dictates which harness or shaft is lifted, either by a manual pedal or air cylinders, hydraulic cylinders or electric solenoids. A loom that can only lift the shafts is called a rising shed loom or a Jack loom. A loom that can sink and lift the shafts at the same time is either a Counterbalance (CB) loom or a Countermarch loom (CM), these looms are called a sinking shed loom. Most CB looms are a four harness, a CM loom can use many harnesses up to about thirty two harnesses.

A harness is a complete set of loom parts; a lamm, a shaft and an upper harness of cords or jacks. A shaft is a frame which holds a set of heddles which guide some of the warp but not all on one shaft, there are always more than one shaft on a loom.

Download high resolution version (1944x2592, 730 KB)Haute lisse weaving loom at the Gobelins tapestry manufacture Copyright © 2004 David Monniaux File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (1944x2592, 730 KB)Haute lisse weaving loom at the Gobelins tapestry manufacture Copyright © 2004 David Monniaux File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Manufacture des Gobelins is a tapestry factory located in Paris, France. ... This article is about the capital of France. ...

Rigid heddle looms

Rigid heddle looms cross multiple types of looms, including frame looms and backstrap looms. In rigid heddle looms there is typically a single shaft, with the heddles fixed in place in the shaft. The warp threads pass alternately through a heddle and through a space between the heddles, so that raising the shaft will raise half the threads (those passing through the heddles), and lowering the shaft will lower the same threads -- the threads passing through the spaces between the heddles remain in place.

Haute lisse and basse lisse looms

Looms used for weaving traditional tapestry are classified as haute lisse looms, where the warp is suspended vertically between two rolls, and the basse lisse looms, where the warp extends horizontally between the rolls. This article is about tapestry the textile. ...

Power looms

The first power loom was built by the Englishman Edmund Cartwright in 1785. Originally, powered looms were shuttle-operated but in the early part of the 20th century the faster and more efficient shuttleless loom came into use. Today, advances in technology have produced a variety of looms designed to maximize production for specific types of material. The most common of these are air-jet looms and water-jet looms. Computer-driven looms are now also available to individual (non-industrial) weavers. Download high resolution version (832x660, 101 KB) A power loom in Ettayapuram File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (832x660, 101 KB) A power loom in Ettayapuram File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The house in Ettayapuram where Bharathiar was born Ettayapuram (à®Žà®Ÿà¯à®Ÿà¯ˆà®¯à®¾à®ªà¯à®°à®®à¯ in Tamil) is a village in Thoothukudi (a. ... Some of the 1200 power looms at the Plevna factory building, completed in 1877, at the Finlayson & Co cotton mills in Tampere, Finland The power loom was designed in 1784 by Edward Cartwright and first built in 1785. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Edmund Cartwright Edward (Edmund) Cartwright (April 24, 1743 in Marnham, Nottinghamshire â€“ October 30, 1823 in Hastings, Sussex) was an English clergyman and inventor of the power loom. ... 1785 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The simplest shuttle is a flat, narrow piece of wood with notches on the ends to hold the weft yarn. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...

The Jacquard loom

The Jacquard loom was the first machine to use punch cards. It uses punched cards to control the pattern being woven. It is a form of dobby loom, where individual harnesses can be raised and lowered independently. Invented just after 1800, at first it was human-powered. Later it was motorized, and current versions replace the punch cards with electronic computer control. Jacquard loom on display at Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester, England The Jacquard Loom is a mechanical loom, invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1801, which utilized holes punched in pasteboard, each row of which corresponded to one row of the design. ... Punched cards (or Hollerith cards, or IBM cards), are pieces of stiff paper that contain digital information represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions. ... A dobby loom is a loom in which each harness can be manipulated individually. ...

Knitting looms

Knitting looms (also known as Amish looms or knitting boards) were recently popularized in crafting circles by the Knifty Knitter system. Knitting looms are a descendant of the frame loom. Grooved pegs are spaced along a central frame. These pegs are wrapped with yarn in various ways, then the knitter uses an angled hook to pull the wrapped yarn over the top of the peg, resulting in a fabric with stitches similar to a needle knitted item.

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